Throughout history, many cultures value the importance of hard work. It's true that hard workers are always fighting a the attraction(吸引力) of sleep. The allusion(典故) xuanliang cigu, which means tying one's hair to the house beam(房梁) and stabbing one's thigh(大腿) with a sharp tool, tells two stories about the hard experiences of staying a .
In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a famous politician named Sun Jing, who really enjoyed studying, even in the evening. To stop himself from f asleep when reading at night, Sun came up with a special way. He tied his hair to the beam while reading. And that method w . If he felt sleepy, his hair would be pulled upward by the rope and the p would wake him up.
Before you are a by what Sun Jing did, the story of Su Qin, another famous man who lived in the Warring States Period, was even more shocking. According to Strategies of the Warring States (《战国策》), when Su was young, he f so many times to get a governmental position that he even let his family down. So he decided to work harder. When he felt sleepy at night, he used a sharp tool to stab at his thigh in order to focus on reading again.
No d Su's hard work paid off. Finally, he realized his dream s . Later, people joined Su's story with Sun's and c the allusion xuanliang cigu. At present, although we are not supposed to follow their actions, their amazing spirits are still meaningful and encouraging.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
B

1. against 2. awake 3. falling 4. worked 5. pain
6. amazed 7. failed 8. doubt 9. successfully 10. created

【分析】
这是一道英语语篇填空题，需结合语境、固定搭配、动词时态和词性来逐一解题：
1. 第一空：根据语境“对抗睡眠的吸引力”，固定短语fight against表示“对抗”，故填against；
2. 第二空：stay是系动词，后接形容词，stay awake意为“保持清醒”，符合悬梁刺股是保持学习不睡觉的语境，故填awake；
3. 第三空：固定搭配stop sb from doing sth表示“阻止某人做某事”，fall asleep是“入睡”，此处用动名词形式falling，故填falling；
4. 第四空：结合语境“这个方法奏效了”，用一般过去式worked，故填worked；
5. 第五空：前文提到头发被向上拉，“疼痛（pain）”会让他醒来，填名词pain，故填pain；
6. 第六空：固定搭配be amazed by表示“被……惊讶”，此处指被孙敬的行为惊讶，故填amazed；
7. 第七空：结合语境“多次失败才得到官职”，用一般过去式failed，故填failed；
8. 第八空：固定短语no doubt表示“毫无疑问”，故填doubt；
9. 第九空：修饰动词realized需用副词，successfully意为“成功地”，故填successfully；
10. 第十空：结合语境“创造了悬梁刺股这个典故”，用一般过去式created，故填created。
【解析】
逐空解析如下：
1. 固定搭配fight against，符合“对抗睡眠吸引力”的语义，填against；
2. 系动词stay后接形容词awake，构成stay awake（保持清醒），符合语境，填awake；
3. 固定搭配stop sb from doing sth，fall的动名词为falling，填falling；
4. 语境为过去发生的事，method worked表示方法奏效，填worked；
5. 名词pain（疼痛）对应头发被拉后的感受，填pain；
6. 固定搭配be amazed by，填amazed；
7. 过去的经历用一般过去式failed，填failed；
8. 固定短语no doubt，填doubt；
9. 副词successfully修饰动词realized，填successfully；
10. 过去的动作用一般过去式created，填created。
【答案】
1. against 2. awake 3. falling 4. worked 5. pain 6. amazed 7. failed 8. doubt 9. successfully 10. created
【知识点】
固定搭配、动词时态、词性辨析
【点评】
本题围绕“悬梁刺股”的典故展开，考察英语基础词汇、固定短语和语法知识，需结合语篇语境分析，是初中英语常见的语篇填空题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

Do you have difficulty learning English words? Well, k 1 a vocabulary notebook for learning new English words is not difficult. Here are some easy steps. First, buy a notebook with at least 100 lined p 2. You should select the colour and size of the notebook that you prefer. S 3, write down any important words that you come across when reading or listening. This step r 4 you to decide whether a word is important enough for you to learn now. Do not assume(认为) that you will l 5 the word later. The next step is a bit difficult because you need to decide what i 6 about each word you will write in the notebook. Some learners write only a t 7 of the word. Others write an example phrase using the word. I 8 information that matches your learning style and your needs. Finally, the most important thing you can do to learn the words in your notebook is to p 9 these words several times. If the pages of your notebook are well organized, you are more likely to review the words and their information over and over. If you f 10 these important steps, you can improve your English greatly. Come and have a try!
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. keeping 2. pages 3. Second 4. requires 5. learn
6. information 7. translation 8. Include 9. practise
10. follow

【分析】
本题为英语短文填空题，需结合上下文语境、固定搭配及语法规则填写单词。首先通读全文理解主旨（介绍用词汇本学习英语单词的方法），再逐个分析每个空：1处需动名词作主语，对应“保持词汇本”；2处需笔记本的页数，用复数；3处对应前文的“First”，填序数词；4处主语为单数，动词用第三人称单数；5处需动词原形，结合语境“学单词”；6处指单词的相关信息；7处对应下文的例子短语，填“翻译”；8处为祈使句，用动词原形；9处需动词原形，指“练习单词”；10处指“遵循步骤”，用动词原形。
【解析】
1. 第一空：动名词短语作主语，“keep a vocabulary notebook”是固定搭配，意为“保持一个词汇本”，故填keeping；
2. 第二空：“100 lined”后接可数名词复数，page意为“页”，故填pages；
3. 第三空：前文用“First”（第一），此处对应“第二”，故填Second；
4. 第四空：主语“This step”是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，require意为“要求”，故填requires；
5. 第五空：“will”后接动词原形，结合语境“不要认为你之后会学这个单词”，故填learn；
6. 第六空：结合下文提到的单词相关内容，此处指“关于每个单词的信息”，故填information；
7. 第七空：下文提到“Others write an example phrase”，此处指“只写单词的翻译”，translation意为“翻译”，故填translation；
8. 第八空：祈使句用动词原形开头，include意为“包含”，故填Include；
9. 第九空：“to”后接动词原形，结合语境“练习这些单词”，practise意为“练习”，故填practise；
10. 第十空：“if”引导的条件状语从句中，主语“you”后接动词原形，follow意为“遵循”，故填follow。
【答案】
1. keeping 2. pages 3. Second 4. requires 5. learn 6. information 7. translation 8. Include 9. practise 10. follow
【知识点】
短文填空、词汇运用、动词形式变化
【点评】
本题围绕英语学习方法展开，考查学生对语境、词汇及语法的综合运用能力，需结合上下文逻辑和词性变化解题，是初中英语常见题型。
【难度系数】
0.6