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一、词汇
(一)根据句意和音标提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1. London is different from most /ˌjʊərə'pi:ən/ capitals.
2. I'll have an /'ɪntəvju:/ for a new job tomorrow. I have to prepare for it.
3. No one talks now and everyone keeps /'saɪlənt/ about the news.
4. We all know that learning a foreign language /rɪ'kwaɪəz/ time and effort.
5. We must understand that high /skɔ:z/ don't always mean good abilities.
(一)根据句意和音标提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1. London is different from most /ˌjʊərə'pi:ən/ capitals.
2. I'll have an /'ɪntəvju:/ for a new job tomorrow. I have to prepare for it.
3. No one talks now and everyone keeps /'saɪlənt/ about the news.
4. We all know that learning a foreign language /rɪ'kwaɪəz/ time and effort.
5. We must understand that high /skɔ:z/ don't always mean good abilities.
答案
1. European 2. interview 3. silent 4. requires 5. scores
解析
【分析】
解题思路：先通读每个句子理解句意，再结合给出的音标，回忆对应的英语单词，同时注意单词的正确形式（如动词第三人称单数、名词单复数等），确保填入的单词符合句子语法和语义要求。
【解析】
1. 句意：伦敦和大多数欧洲的首都不同。音标/ˌjʊərə'pi:ən/对应单词European，意为“欧洲的”，符合语境。
2. 句意：我明天有一个新工作的面试，我得准备。音标/'ɪntəvju:/对应单词interview，意为“面试”，符合语境。
3. 句意：现在没人说话，每个人对这个消息都保持沉默。音标/'saɪlənt/对应单词silent，keep silent是固定搭配，意为“保持沉默”，符合语境。
4. 句意：我们都知道学习一门外语需要时间和精力。音标/rɪ'kwaɪəz/对应单词requires，主语是动名词短语learning a foreign language，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，符合语法。
5. 句意：我们必须明白高分并不总是意味着好能力。音标/skɔ:z/对应单词scores，根据后面的don't可知主语用复数形式，符合语境。
【答案】
1. European 2. interview 3. silent 4. requires 5. scores
【知识点】
根据音标写单词；词汇的正确形式
【点评】
本题考查根据音标和句意填写正确单词，重点考查音标认读能力及常见词汇的拼写、形式掌握，属于基础词汇题，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
解题思路：先通读每个句子理解句意，再结合给出的音标，回忆对应的英语单词，同时注意单词的正确形式（如动词第三人称单数、名词单复数等），确保填入的单词符合句子语法和语义要求。
【解析】
1. 句意：伦敦和大多数欧洲的首都不同。音标/ˌjʊərə'pi:ən/对应单词European，意为“欧洲的”，符合语境。
2. 句意：我明天有一个新工作的面试，我得准备。音标/'ɪntəvju:/对应单词interview，意为“面试”，符合语境。
3. 句意：现在没人说话，每个人对这个消息都保持沉默。音标/'saɪlənt/对应单词silent，keep silent是固定搭配，意为“保持沉默”，符合语境。
4. 句意：我们都知道学习一门外语需要时间和精力。音标/rɪ'kwaɪəz/对应单词requires，主语是动名词短语learning a foreign language，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，符合语法。
5. 句意：我们必须明白高分并不总是意味着好能力。音标/skɔ:z/对应单词scores，根据后面的don't可知主语用复数形式，符合语境。
【答案】
1. European 2. interview 3. silent 4. requires 5. scores
【知识点】
根据音标写单词；词汇的正确形式
【点评】
本题考查根据音标和句意填写正确单词，重点考查音标认读能力及常见词汇的拼写、形式掌握，属于基础词汇题，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
(二)用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Ms. Read is 70 years old. She (use) to be a teacher.
2. No one in the small town has ever (deal) with such a problem before.
3. (hang) out with friends seemed impossible for me.
4. “ (silent) is gold,” someone said. But I don't think so.
5. You will (require) to do it again if you make many mistakes.
6. My grandma's used to (get) up early.
7. This shy boy doesn't dare (talk) to girls.
8. Although she is known for her (shy), she does show an interest in music and dancing.
9. She will make a (speak) in public next week.
10. When we went to the park, we saw someone (practice) Chinese kung fu.
1. Ms. Read is 70 years old. She (use) to be a teacher.
2. No one in the small town has ever (deal) with such a problem before.
3. (hang) out with friends seemed impossible for me.
4. “ (silent) is gold,” someone said. But I don't think so.
5. You will (require) to do it again if you make many mistakes.
6. My grandma's used to (get) up early.
7. This shy boy doesn't dare (talk) to girls.
8. Although she is known for her (shy), she does show an interest in music and dancing.
9. She will make a (speak) in public next week.
10. When we went to the park, we saw someone (practice) Chinese kung fu.
答案
1. used
2. dealt
3. Hanging
4. Silence
5. be required
6. getting
7. to talk
8. shyness
9. speech
10. practicing/practising
2. dealt
3. Hanging
4. Silence
5. be required
6. getting
7. to talk
8. shyness
9. speech
10. practicing/practising
解析
【分析】
本题考查英语中固定搭配、动词时态、非谓语动词及词性转换等知识点，需结合句子语境和语法规则确定单词的正确形式：
1. 考查固定搭配used to do sth，表过去常常做某事；
2. 考查现在完成时，结构为have/has+动词过去分词；
3. 考查动名词作主语，动词作主语需用动名词形式；
4. 考查名词作主语，需将形容词转换为名词；
5. 考查一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will be+动词过去分词；
6. 考查固定搭配be used to doing sth，to为介词后接动名词；
7. 考查固定搭配dare to do sth，dare作实义动词时后接不定式；
8. 考查词性转换，形容词性物主代词后需接名词；
9. 考查固定搭配make a speech，需用名词形式；
10. 考查固定搭配see sb doing sth，表看见某人正在做某事。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配used to do sth意为“过去常常做某事”，故填used；
2. 现在完成时结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”，deal的过去分词为dealt，故填dealt；
3. 动名词短语可作主语，hang的动名词为hanging，句首首字母大写，故填Hanging；
4. 此处需名词作主语，silent的名词形式为silence，故填Silence；
5. 主语you与require是被动关系，一般将来时被动语态结构为“will be+过去分词”，require的过去分词为required，故填be required；
6. 固定搭配be used to doing sth意为“习惯于做某事”，to为介词，后接动名词，get的动名词为getting，故填getting；
7. dare作实义动词时用法为dare to do sth，故填to talk；
8. 形容词性物主代词her后需接名词，shy的名词形式为shyness，故填shyness；
9. 固定搭配make a speech意为“做演讲”，故填speech；
10. 固定搭配see sb doing sth意为“看见某人正在做某事”，practice的动名词为practicing（或practising），故填practicing/practising。
【答案】
1. used
2. dealt
3. Hanging
4. Silence
5. be required
6. getting
7. to talk
8. shyness
9. speech
10. practicing/practising
【知识点】
used to的用法、动词时态、非谓语动词
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础题型，覆盖常用固定搭配、动词时态、非谓语动词及词性转换等核心基础知识点，难度适中，能有效检验学生对英语基础语法和短语的掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题考查英语中固定搭配、动词时态、非谓语动词及词性转换等知识点，需结合句子语境和语法规则确定单词的正确形式：
1. 考查固定搭配used to do sth，表过去常常做某事；
2. 考查现在完成时，结构为have/has+动词过去分词；
3. 考查动名词作主语，动词作主语需用动名词形式；
4. 考查名词作主语，需将形容词转换为名词；
5. 考查一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will be+动词过去分词；
6. 考查固定搭配be used to doing sth，to为介词后接动名词；
7. 考查固定搭配dare to do sth，dare作实义动词时后接不定式；
8. 考查词性转换，形容词性物主代词后需接名词；
9. 考查固定搭配make a speech，需用名词形式；
10. 考查固定搭配see sb doing sth，表看见某人正在做某事。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配used to do sth意为“过去常常做某事”，故填used；
2. 现在完成时结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”，deal的过去分词为dealt，故填dealt；
3. 动名词短语可作主语，hang的动名词为hanging，句首首字母大写，故填Hanging；
4. 此处需名词作主语，silent的名词形式为silence，故填Silence；
5. 主语you与require是被动关系，一般将来时被动语态结构为“will be+过去分词”，require的过去分词为required，故填be required；
6. 固定搭配be used to doing sth意为“习惯于做某事”，to为介词，后接动名词，get的动名词为getting，故填getting；
7. dare作实义动词时用法为dare to do sth，故填to talk；
8. 形容词性物主代词her后需接名词，shy的名词形式为shyness，故填shyness；
9. 固定搭配make a speech意为“做演讲”，故填speech；
10. 固定搭配see sb doing sth意为“看见某人正在做某事”，practice的动名词为practicing（或practising），故填practicing/practising。
【答案】
1. used
2. dealt
3. Hanging
4. Silence
5. be required
6. getting
7. to talk
8. shyness
9. speech
10. practicing/practising
【知识点】
used to的用法、动词时态、非谓语动词
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础题型，覆盖常用固定搭配、动词时态、非谓语动词及词性转换等核心基础知识点，难度适中，能有效检验学生对英语基础语法和短语的掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.6
(三)语法填空。
I used to hate running. In secondary school, I found it (real) tiring to run and I was always one of the last students to cross the finish line. Then, in 2023, my friend asked me if I would like to run a 10km event with him. I answered thinking, “No way! I hate running.”
Over the weekend, I thought about his question. “Why do I hate running when I (not try) it since Year 7 in secondary school?”
In the end, I decided I should give running another try I said I hated it. I told my friend I would like to go to the 10km event with him. He was happy to hear that I would join him. He advised me (look) for a running program on the Internet to help me learn how to run.
There were lots of running programs on the Internet. I chose a 14-week running program that would teach me to run for 30 minutes non-stop. I enjoyed (follow) the program as I could see programs in my running each week. I went from hating running to (love) running!
On the day of the 10km running event, my family and (friend) came to cheer for me. With (they) support and my training, I finished the 10 km in 72 minutes. It was difficult but I felt very proud of myself for (try) it. From this experience, I learned that it is a good idea to try something before saying you hate it!
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
7. 8. 9.
10.
I used to hate running. In secondary school, I found it (real) tiring to run and I was always one of the last students to cross the finish line. Then, in 2023, my friend asked me if I would like to run a 10km event with him. I answered thinking, “No way! I hate running.”
Over the weekend, I thought about his question. “Why do I hate running when I (not try) it since Year 7 in secondary school?”
In the end, I decided I should give running another try I said I hated it. I told my friend I would like to go to the 10km event with him. He was happy to hear that I would join him. He advised me (look) for a running program on the Internet to help me learn how to run.
There were lots of running programs on the Internet. I chose a 14-week running program that would teach me to run for 30 minutes non-stop. I enjoyed (follow) the program as I could see programs in my running each week. I went from hating running to (love) running!
On the day of the 10km running event, my family and (friend) came to cheer for me. With (they) support and my training, I finished the 10 km in 72 minutes. It was difficult but I felt very proud of myself for (try) it. From this experience, I learned that it is a good idea to try something before saying you hate it!
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
7. 8. 9.
10.
答案
1. really 2. without 3. haven't tried 4. before 5. to look 6. following 7. loving 8. friends 9. their 10. trying
解析
【分析】
本题为语法填空题，需结合语境、语法规则及固定搭配逐一分析每个空格：1. 空格后是形容词，需用副词修饰，故转换词性；2. 结合语境判断介词含义；3. 时间状语since提示用现在完成时；4. 句意逻辑需连词；5. 固定搭配advise sb to do sth；6. 固定搭配enjoy doing sth；7. 介词后接动名词；8. 可数名词需用复数；9. 修饰名词需用物主代词；10. 介词后接动名词。
【解析】
1. 修饰形容词tiring，用副词really，故填really；
2. 结合语境“没有思考就回答”，用介词without，故填without；
3. 由时间状语since Year 7可知，用现在完成时，主语为I，否定形式为haven't tried，故填haven't tried；
4. 句意“在说讨厌跑步之前再试一次”，用连词before，故填before；
5. 固定搭配advise sb to do sth，用不定式to look，故填to look；
6. 固定搭配enjoy doing sth，用动名词following，故填following；
7. 介词to后接动名词，love转换为loving，故填loving；
8. friend为可数名词，此处指多个朋友，用复数friends，故填friends；
9. 修饰名词support，用形容词性物主代词their，故填their；
10. 介词for后接动名词，try转换为trying，故填trying；
【答案】
1. really 2. without 3. haven't tried 4. before 5. to look 6. following 7. loving 8. friends 9. their 10. trying
【知识点】
副词用法；非谓语动词；动词时态
【点评】
本题考查初中英语核心基础语法，结合语境和固定搭配即可解答，难度适中，能有效巩固学生的语法基础。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为语法填空题，需结合语境、语法规则及固定搭配逐一分析每个空格：1. 空格后是形容词，需用副词修饰，故转换词性；2. 结合语境判断介词含义；3. 时间状语since提示用现在完成时；4. 句意逻辑需连词；5. 固定搭配advise sb to do sth；6. 固定搭配enjoy doing sth；7. 介词后接动名词；8. 可数名词需用复数；9. 修饰名词需用物主代词；10. 介词后接动名词。
【解析】
1. 修饰形容词tiring，用副词really，故填really；
2. 结合语境“没有思考就回答”，用介词without，故填without；
3. 由时间状语since Year 7可知，用现在完成时，主语为I，否定形式为haven't tried，故填haven't tried；
4. 句意“在说讨厌跑步之前再试一次”，用连词before，故填before；
5. 固定搭配advise sb to do sth，用不定式to look，故填to look；
6. 固定搭配enjoy doing sth，用动名词following，故填following；
7. 介词to后接动名词，love转换为loving，故填loving；
8. friend为可数名词，此处指多个朋友，用复数friends，故填friends；
9. 修饰名词support，用形容词性物主代词their，故填their；
10. 介词for后接动名词，try转换为trying，故填trying；
【答案】
1. really 2. without 3. haven't tried 4. before 5. to look 6. following 7. loving 8. friends 9. their 10. trying
【知识点】
副词用法；非谓语动词；动词时态
【点评】
本题考查初中英语核心基础语法，结合语境和固定搭配即可解答，难度适中，能有效巩固学生的语法基础。
【难度系数】
0.6
