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二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. The naughty dog
2. I need a key to
3. There is a treasure
4. Tom put a gift on my desk
5. She
1. The naughty dog
spoiled
(spoil) the new shoes yesterday. My mum was very angry!2. I need a key to
unlock
(lock) the door.3. There is a treasure
hidden
(hide) in the box.4. Tom put a gift on my desk
secretly
(secret). I didn't see him!5. She
proved
(prove) her idea was right with a drawing.答案
1. spoiled 2. unlock 3. hidden 4. secretly
5. proved
5. proved
解析
【分析】
做这类用所给词适当形式填空的题目，我们可以按照三步法来思考：第一步先扫读全句，找出时间标志词判断句子的时态，第二步分析空格在句中充当的成分，确定需要填入的单词词性，第三步结合固定搭配、主被动逻辑、句意对给出的原形单词做对应变形，最后代入句子验证是否通顺合理。
比如第1题看到时间状语yesterday，直接确定要用一般过去时，谓语动词要变过去式；第2题看到不定式符号to，后面要接动词原形，结合语境判断词义转换；第3题空格修饰前面的名词treasure，宝藏是“被藏”的，要用过去分词作后置定语；第4题空格修饰动词put，修饰动词要用副词形式；第5题后面宾语从句用了过去时was，说明主句动作也发生在过去，谓语动词用过去式。
【解析】
1. 句中时间状语yesterday（昨天）表明句子为一般过去时，谓语动词spoil的过去式为spoiled，因此填spoiled。
2. 固定搭配need sth to do sth表示“需要某物做某事”，不定式符号to后接动词原形，结合语境“用钥匙开锁”的逻辑，将lock转换为对应含义的unlock，因此填unlock。
3. 空格处作后置定语修饰名词treasure，treasure和hide之间是被动关系（宝藏是被藏起来的），要用hide的过去分词hidden，因此填hidden。
4. 空格处修饰动词put，修饰动词需要用副词形式，secret的副词形式是secretly，因此填secretly。
5. 句中宾语从句的系动词为was，表明主句动作发生在过去，prove的过去式为proved，因此填proved。
【答案】
1. spoiled 2. unlock 3. hidden 4. secretly 5. proved
【知识点】
词形转换，一般过去时，非谓语动词
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础词形转换题型，覆盖了时态判断、不定式用法、过去分词作定语、副词修饰动词多个核心基础考点，整体考点常规，只要学生掌握基础的句子成分分析方法和常见词形变化规则就可以顺利完成，易错点主要是第2题容易直接填lock，需要结合生活逻辑判断钥匙的作用是开锁，要做词义转换。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这类用所给词适当形式填空的题目，我们可以按照三步法来思考：第一步先扫读全句，找出时间标志词判断句子的时态，第二步分析空格在句中充当的成分，确定需要填入的单词词性，第三步结合固定搭配、主被动逻辑、句意对给出的原形单词做对应变形，最后代入句子验证是否通顺合理。
比如第1题看到时间状语yesterday，直接确定要用一般过去时，谓语动词要变过去式；第2题看到不定式符号to，后面要接动词原形，结合语境判断词义转换；第3题空格修饰前面的名词treasure，宝藏是“被藏”的，要用过去分词作后置定语；第4题空格修饰动词put，修饰动词要用副词形式；第5题后面宾语从句用了过去时was，说明主句动作也发生在过去，谓语动词用过去式。
【解析】
1. 句中时间状语yesterday（昨天）表明句子为一般过去时，谓语动词spoil的过去式为spoiled，因此填spoiled。
2. 固定搭配need sth to do sth表示“需要某物做某事”，不定式符号to后接动词原形，结合语境“用钥匙开锁”的逻辑，将lock转换为对应含义的unlock，因此填unlock。
3. 空格处作后置定语修饰名词treasure，treasure和hide之间是被动关系（宝藏是被藏起来的），要用hide的过去分词hidden，因此填hidden。
4. 空格处修饰动词put，修饰动词需要用副词形式，secret的副词形式是secretly，因此填secretly。
5. 句中宾语从句的系动词为was，表明主句动作发生在过去，prove的过去式为proved，因此填proved。
【答案】
1. spoiled 2. unlock 3. hidden 4. secretly 5. proved
【知识点】
词形转换，一般过去时，非谓语动词
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础词形转换题型，覆盖了时态判断、不定式用法、过去分词作定语、副词修饰动词多个核心基础考点，整体考点常规，只要学生掌握基础的句子成分分析方法和常见词形变化规则就可以顺利完成，易错点主要是第2题容易直接填lock，需要结合生活逻辑判断钥匙的作用是开锁，要做词义转换。
【难度系数】
0.7
三、阅读理解
Little Women is a novel by an American writer Louisa May Alcott, which was published in 1868 and 1869. The novel follows the lives of four sisters—Meg, Jo, Beth, and Amy March from childhood to womanhood.
These four sisters live with their mother. Meg and Jo March, the elder sisters, both work outside the home for money to support the family. Meg teaches four children in a nearby family, while Jo helps her grandaunt March, who is very rich. Beth helps with the housework, and Amy attends school. Their nearest neighbour is a rich man whose orphaned(孤儿的) grandson lives with him. The sisters introduce themselves to the handsome shy boy, Laurie, who is the age of Jo.
...
Meg is the beautiful sister; Jo is the tomboy(爱打闹的女孩); Beth is the musician, and Amy is the charming artist with the blond curls. Jo gets angry easily. One of her challenges(挑战) in growing up is to control her anger. Laurie enjoys being with his neighbours and joins the family often in play. His grandfather, Mr Laurence, is charmed (吸引) by Beth, and gives her the piano used by Laurie's late sister.
(
A. Louisa May Alcott.
B. Jo March.
C. Laurence.
D. Laurie.
(
A. About the lives of four sisters when they are young.
B. About the lives of four sisters when they are old.
C. About the lives of four sisters after they get married.
D. About the lives of four sisters when they grow up.
(
A. She is an artist and has golden curly hair.
B. She is a musician and charming.
C. She is a teacher and has blond curls.
D. She is an artist and gets angry easily.
(
A. He is very poor.
B. He is an orphan.
C. He is Laurie's grandfather.
D. He is Jo's grandfather.
(
A. He lives with the four sisters.
B. He is an orphan.
C. He gets angry easily.
D. He doesn't like his late sister.
Little Women is a novel by an American writer Louisa May Alcott, which was published in 1868 and 1869. The novel follows the lives of four sisters—Meg, Jo, Beth, and Amy March from childhood to womanhood.
These four sisters live with their mother. Meg and Jo March, the elder sisters, both work outside the home for money to support the family. Meg teaches four children in a nearby family, while Jo helps her grandaunt March, who is very rich. Beth helps with the housework, and Amy attends school. Their nearest neighbour is a rich man whose orphaned(孤儿的) grandson lives with him. The sisters introduce themselves to the handsome shy boy, Laurie, who is the age of Jo.
...
Meg is the beautiful sister; Jo is the tomboy(爱打闹的女孩); Beth is the musician, and Amy is the charming artist with the blond curls. Jo gets angry easily. One of her challenges(挑战) in growing up is to control her anger. Laurie enjoys being with his neighbours and joins the family often in play. His grandfather, Mr Laurence, is charmed (吸引) by Beth, and gives her the piano used by Laurie's late sister.
(
A
)1. Who wrote the novel Little Women?A. Louisa May Alcott.
B. Jo March.
C. Laurence.
D. Laurie.
(
D
)2. What does Little Women tell about?A. About the lives of four sisters when they are young.
B. About the lives of four sisters when they are old.
C. About the lives of four sisters after they get married.
D. About the lives of four sisters when they grow up.
(
A
)3. What is Amy and how does she look like?A. She is an artist and has golden curly hair.
B. She is a musician and charming.
C. She is a teacher and has blond curls.
D. She is an artist and gets angry easily.
(
C
)4. Who is Mr Laurence?A. He is very poor.
B. He is an orphan.
C. He is Laurie's grandfather.
D. He is Jo's grandfather.
(
B
)5. What do we know about Laurie from the passage?A. He lives with the four sisters.
B. He is an orphan.
C. He gets angry easily.
D. He doesn't like his late sister.
答案
1.A 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.B
解析
【分析】
这是一篇文学作品介绍类的细节型阅读理解，解题时用题干定位法就能快速得出答案：首先逐题划出题干里的核心关键词，带着关键词返回原文对应段落扫读定位相关语句，再把选项内容和原文表述逐一比对，排除和原文不符的干扰选项，就能选出正确答案，所有答案都能在原文中直接找到依据，不需要复杂推理。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段第一句"Little Women is a novel by an American writer Louisa May Alcott"，直接明确《小妇人》的作者是Louisa May Alcott，其余选项都是小说里的虚构角色，因此选A。
2. 定位原文第一段最后一句"The novel follows the lives of four sisters—Meg, Jo, Beth, and Amy March from childhood to womanhood"，可知小说讲述了四姐妹从童年到成年的完整成长历程，对应D选项“讲述四姐妹成长过程的生活”；A仅覆盖年少阶段、B提到老年、C提到婚后均不符合原文表述，因此选D。
3. 定位原文最后一段首句"Amy is the charming artist with the blond curls"，可知Amy是艺术家，有着金色卷发，和A选项表述完全一致；B里音乐家是Beth的身份、C里教师是Meg的身份、D里容易生气是Jo的特点，均不符合Amy的设定，因此选A。
4. 结合原文第二段和最后一段内容：邻居Laurie是富人Mr Laurence的孙子，即Mr Laurence是Laurie的祖父，C选项正确；原文明确说明Mr Laurence非常富有，A错误，孤儿身份属于Laurie而非Mr Laurence，B错误，他也不是Jo的祖父，D错误，因此选C。
5. 定位原文第二段"Their nearest neighbour is a rich man whose orphaned(孤儿的) grandson lives with him. The sisters introduce themselves to the handsome shy boy, Laurie"，可知这个孤儿就是Laurie，B选项正确；Laurie是四姐妹的邻居，并没有和她们同住，A错误，容易生气的是Jo不是Laurie，C错误，原文没有提到Laurie不喜欢他去世的妹妹，D错误，因此选B。
【答案】
1.A 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.B
【知识点】
1. 英语细节阅读
2. 信息定位比对
3. 小妇人文学常识
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的阅读题，所有题目均为细节理解类，没有设置深度推理考点，只要学生耐心返回原文定位对应信息，注意区分不同角色的特征、避免人物信息混淆，就可以轻松拿到满分，很适合初中低年级的阅读能力训练。
【难度系数】
0.9
这是一篇文学作品介绍类的细节型阅读理解，解题时用题干定位法就能快速得出答案：首先逐题划出题干里的核心关键词，带着关键词返回原文对应段落扫读定位相关语句，再把选项内容和原文表述逐一比对，排除和原文不符的干扰选项，就能选出正确答案，所有答案都能在原文中直接找到依据，不需要复杂推理。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段第一句"Little Women is a novel by an American writer Louisa May Alcott"，直接明确《小妇人》的作者是Louisa May Alcott，其余选项都是小说里的虚构角色，因此选A。
2. 定位原文第一段最后一句"The novel follows the lives of four sisters—Meg, Jo, Beth, and Amy March from childhood to womanhood"，可知小说讲述了四姐妹从童年到成年的完整成长历程，对应D选项“讲述四姐妹成长过程的生活”；A仅覆盖年少阶段、B提到老年、C提到婚后均不符合原文表述，因此选D。
3. 定位原文最后一段首句"Amy is the charming artist with the blond curls"，可知Amy是艺术家，有着金色卷发，和A选项表述完全一致；B里音乐家是Beth的身份、C里教师是Meg的身份、D里容易生气是Jo的特点，均不符合Amy的设定，因此选A。
4. 结合原文第二段和最后一段内容：邻居Laurie是富人Mr Laurence的孙子，即Mr Laurence是Laurie的祖父，C选项正确；原文明确说明Mr Laurence非常富有，A错误，孤儿身份属于Laurie而非Mr Laurence，B错误，他也不是Jo的祖父，D错误，因此选C。
5. 定位原文第二段"Their nearest neighbour is a rich man whose orphaned(孤儿的) grandson lives with him. The sisters introduce themselves to the handsome shy boy, Laurie"，可知这个孤儿就是Laurie，B选项正确；Laurie是四姐妹的邻居，并没有和她们同住，A错误，容易生气的是Jo不是Laurie，C错误，原文没有提到Laurie不喜欢他去世的妹妹，D错误，因此选B。
【答案】
1.A 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.B
【知识点】
1. 英语细节阅读
2. 信息定位比对
3. 小妇人文学常识
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的阅读题，所有题目均为细节理解类，没有设置深度推理考点，只要学生耐心返回原文定位对应信息，注意区分不同角色的特征、避免人物信息混淆，就可以轻松拿到满分，很适合初中低年级的阅读能力训练。
【难度系数】
0.9
