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B
Many people think the North Pole（北极）and the South Pole are similar frozen deserts. Both places have extremely low temperatures, and very few people live there. But in fact, they are not as like as people might imagine.
$The North Pole has no land at all—only thick ice. The temperature there almost never rises above 3 2° \mathrm{F} . That's the temperature where water turns into ice. Most of the time, it stays below zero. In winter, the temperature is usually as low as -30° \mathrm{F}. $
Even though the conditions were terrible, people tried for hundreds of years to reach the North Pole. Around 100 years ago, two men—Robert Peary and Mathew Henson—succeeded in getting to this difficult and dangerous place. They reached the North Pole on March 8th, 1909. Their trip was really tough.
Walking across the Arctic（北极）is one of the most dangerous things a person can do. People staying there may face many problems: extremely cold temperatures, sudden storms, and even hunger. Most parts of the area have no people living there. Few people can survive in such a hard environment.
You might think that with such low temperatures most of the year, the ice would be thick and hard. But that's not true in the Arctic. The movement of ocean water under the ice often causes many changes on the ice's surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes（缝隙）of water called "leads." Anyone who falls into a lead can freeze to death in just a few minutes.
( )6. This passage is probably from _________.
A. a school report B. a science book C. a story book
( )7. What is the usual winter temperature at the North Pole?
$A. As low as -30° \mathrm{F} B. Always above 32° \mathrm{F} C. Around 0° \mathrm{F} $
( )8. What does the underlined word "tough" probably mean in English?
A. Difficult. B. Boring. C. Meaningful.
( )9. Why did Robert Peary and Mathew Henson go to the North Pole?
A. To build houses and live there.
B. To reach the North Pole only for fun.
C. To achieve the goal of reaching a hard-to-get place.
( )10. If the ocean water under the Arctic ice stops moving, what may happen?
A. The ice surface will have fewer changes.
B. More "leads" will appear in the ice.
$C. The temperature will rise above 3 2° \mathrm{F} quickly.$
Many people think the North Pole（北极）and the South Pole are similar frozen deserts. Both places have extremely low temperatures, and very few people live there. But in fact, they are not as like as people might imagine.
$The North Pole has no land at all—only thick ice. The temperature there almost never rises above 3 2° \mathrm{F} . That's the temperature where water turns into ice. Most of the time, it stays below zero. In winter, the temperature is usually as low as -30° \mathrm{F}. $
Even though the conditions were terrible, people tried for hundreds of years to reach the North Pole. Around 100 years ago, two men—Robert Peary and Mathew Henson—succeeded in getting to this difficult and dangerous place. They reached the North Pole on March 8th, 1909. Their trip was really tough.
Walking across the Arctic（北极）is one of the most dangerous things a person can do. People staying there may face many problems: extremely cold temperatures, sudden storms, and even hunger. Most parts of the area have no people living there. Few people can survive in such a hard environment.
You might think that with such low temperatures most of the year, the ice would be thick and hard. But that's not true in the Arctic. The movement of ocean water under the ice often causes many changes on the ice's surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes（缝隙）of water called "leads." Anyone who falls into a lead can freeze to death in just a few minutes.
( )6. This passage is probably from _________.
A. a school report B. a science book C. a story book
( )7. What is the usual winter temperature at the North Pole?
$A. As low as -30° \mathrm{F} B. Always above 32° \mathrm{F} C. Around 0° \mathrm{F} $
( )8. What does the underlined word "tough" probably mean in English?
A. Difficult. B. Boring. C. Meaningful.
( )9. Why did Robert Peary and Mathew Henson go to the North Pole?
A. To build houses and live there.
B. To reach the North Pole only for fun.
C. To achieve the goal of reaching a hard-to-get place.
( )10. If the ocean water under the Arctic ice stops moving, what may happen?
A. The ice surface will have fewer changes.
B. More "leads" will appear in the ice.
$C. The temperature will rise above 3 2° \mathrm{F} quickly.$
答案
6.B 7.A 8.A 9.C 10.A
解析
【分析】
做这类阅读理解题，需先通读全文把握主旨，再针对每个题目定位原文关键信息：细节题直接查找对应句子；词义猜测题结合上下文语境推断；推理判断题需依据原文合理推导，避免主观臆断。
【解析】
6. 本题考查文章出处。文章主要介绍北极的地理特征、温度、探险情况等科学内容，属于科普类，因此最可能出自科学书，选B。
7. 本题考查细节理解。根据原文第二段最后一句“In winter, the temperature is usually as low as -30°F.”可知，北极冬季通常温度低至-30°F，选A。
8. 本题考查词义猜测。tough所在句前文提到到达北极是“difficult and dangerous place”，结合语境可知tough意为“困难的”，对应选项A。
9. 本题考查推理判断。根据原文第三段“succeeded in getting to this difficult and dangerous place”可知，两人是为了到达这个难以到达的地方，选C。
10. 本题考查细节理解。根据原文第五段“The movement of ocean water under the ice often causes many changes on the ice's surface.”可知，水下海水流动导致冰面变化，若海水停止流动，冰面变化会减少，选A。
【答案】
6.B 7.A 8.A 9.C 10.A
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解）、词义猜测题、推理判断题
【点评】
本文是一篇关于北极的科普类阅读理解，侧重考查学生对文章细节信息的定位能力、词义推断能力及简单的推理判断能力，题目难度适中，只要学生认真阅读原文，找准对应信息即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这类阅读理解题，需先通读全文把握主旨，再针对每个题目定位原文关键信息：细节题直接查找对应句子；词义猜测题结合上下文语境推断；推理判断题需依据原文合理推导，避免主观臆断。
【解析】
6. 本题考查文章出处。文章主要介绍北极的地理特征、温度、探险情况等科学内容，属于科普类，因此最可能出自科学书，选B。
7. 本题考查细节理解。根据原文第二段最后一句“In winter, the temperature is usually as low as -30°F.”可知，北极冬季通常温度低至-30°F，选A。
8. 本题考查词义猜测。tough所在句前文提到到达北极是“difficult and dangerous place”，结合语境可知tough意为“困难的”，对应选项A。
9. 本题考查推理判断。根据原文第三段“succeeded in getting to this difficult and dangerous place”可知，两人是为了到达这个难以到达的地方，选C。
10. 本题考查细节理解。根据原文第五段“The movement of ocean water under the ice often causes many changes on the ice's surface.”可知，水下海水流动导致冰面变化，若海水停止流动，冰面变化会减少，选A。
【答案】
6.B 7.A 8.A 9.C 10.A
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解）、词义猜测题、推理判断题
【点评】
本文是一篇关于北极的科普类阅读理解，侧重考查学生对文章细节信息的定位能力、词义推断能力及简单的推理判断能力，题目难度适中，只要学生认真阅读原文，找准对应信息即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.7
