2026年基础训练大象出版社八年级英语上册人教版第21页答案
一、朗读下面的单词,在横线上写出每组单词中粗体部分的音标。
1. corn morning fork horse
/ɔː/

2. zoo room noodles cool
/uː/

3. book look wood good
/ʊ/

4. must bus duck truck
/ʌ/

5. March garden scarf card
/ɑː/

答案

1. /ɔː/
2. /uː/
3. /ʊ/
4. /ʌ/
5. /ɑː/

解析

【分析】
本题要求找出每组单词中粗体部分的共同音标,需先回忆每个单词的音标,提取粗体对应的发音,再确定每组统一的音标。具体步骤:1. 逐个写出每组单词的音标;2. 定位粗体部分的发音;3. 总结每组粗体的共同音标。
【解析】
1. corn音标为/kɔːn/,morning为/ˈmɔːnɪŋ/,fork为/fɔːk/,horse为/hɔːs/,粗体部分均为/ɔː/;
2. zoo音标为/zuː/,room为/ruːm/,noodles为/ˈnuːdlz/,cool为/kuːl/,粗体部分均为/uː/;
3. book音标为/bʊk/,look为/lʊk/,wood为/wʊd/,good为/gʊd/,粗体部分均为/ʊ/;
4. must音标为/mʌst/,bus为/bʌs/,duck为/dʌk/,truck为/trʌk/,粗体部分均为/ʌ/;
5. March音标为/mɑːtʃ/,garden为/ˈɡɑːdn/,scarf为/skɑːf/,card为/kɑːd/,粗体部分均为/ɑː/;
【答案】
1. /ɔː/
2. /uː/
3. /ʊ/
4. /ʌ/
5. /ɑː/
【知识点】
英语音标,字母发音规则
【点评】
本题考查英语基础语音中常见字母组合的音标,是对学生语音基础知识的基础检测,难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.5
二、从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个与所给单词画线部分读音相同的词。
(
A
)1. job A. office B. open C. monkey D. go
(
C
)2. foot A. school B. food C. stood D. too
(
D
)3. flute A. up B. cute C. luck D. ruler
(
C
)4. park A. war B. sugar C. shark D. popular
(
B
)5. pork A. worth B. form C. actor D. word

答案

1. A
2. C
3. D
4. C
5. B

解析

【分析】本题为英语单词划线部分读音辨析题,解题思路为:先准确确定题干单词划线字母/字母组合的读音,再依次判断每个选项单词划线部分的读音,最终选出与题干读音完全相同的选项。
【解析】
1. 题干job中划线字母o的读音为/ɒ/;选项A office中o读/ɒ/,B open中o读/əʊ/,C monkey中o读/ʌ/,D go中o读/əʊ/,故答案为A。
2. 题干foot中划线字母组合oo的读音为/ʊ/;选项A school中oo读/uː/,B food中oo读/uː/,C stood中oo读/ʊ/,D too中oo读/uː/,故答案为C。
3. 题干flute中划线字母u的读音为/uː/;选项A up中u读/ʌ/,B cute中u读/juː/,C luck中u读/ʌ/,D ruler中u读/uː/,故答案为D。
4. 题干park中划线字母组合ar的读音为/ɑː/;选项A war中ar读/ɔː/,B sugar中ar读/ə(r)/,C shark中ar读/ɑː/,D popular中ar读/ə(r)/,故答案为C。
5. 题干pork中划线字母组合or的读音为/ɔː/;选项A worth中or读/ɜː/,B form中or读/ɔː/,C actor中or读/ə(r)/,D word中or读/ɜː/,故答案为B。
【答案】1.A 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.B
【知识点】英语语音辨析、字母及字母组合的读音规则
【点评】本题考查基础英语单词的划线部分读音,属于英语学习核心语音知识点,要求学生掌握常见字母及字母组合的发音规律,题目难度较低,适合巩固基础语音知识。
【难度系数】0.7
三、从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。每词限用一次。
arrive hunt plan shop biscuit
1. They are
planning
a trip to Moscow next month.
2. I'm very excited about his
arrival
because he brought me a lot of gifts.
3. Tony, let's go
shopping
after lunch. I'd like to buy a pair of shoes.
4. He had some
biscuits
and a glass of milk this morning.
5. I
hunted
for my lost maths book everywhere, but I couldn't find it.

答案

1. planning
2. arrival
3. shopping
4. biscuits
5. hunted

解析

【分析】
首先明确方框内词汇:arrive(到达,动词)、hunt(搜寻,动词)、plan(计划,动词/名词)、shop(购物,动词/名词)、biscuit(饼干,名词)。解题时需结合句子的时态、词性要求,选择合适词汇并变形:1. 句子为现在进行时,需匹配动词现在分词;2. his后需接名词,对应动词的名词形式;3. 考查固定搭配“go+动名词”;4. some后接可数名词复数;5. 句子为一般过去时,需用动词过去式。
【解析】
1. 句中“are”提示为现在进行时,结构为“be+动词现在分词”,plan的现在分词是planning,plan a trip是固定搭配,意为“计划旅行”,故填planning。
2. his是形容词性物主代词,后需接名词,arrive的名词形式为arrival,意为“到达”,符合语境,故填arrival。
3. 固定搭配“go shopping”意为“去购物”,匹配“买鞋”的语境,故填shopping。
4. some后接可数名词复数,biscuit的复数形式为biscuits,符合语境,故填biscuits。
5. 句中“couldn't”提示为一般过去时,hunt for是固定搭配,意为“搜寻”,其过去式为hunted,故填hunted。
【答案】
1. planning
2. arrival
3. shopping
4. biscuits
5. hunted
【知识点】
动词时态、词性转换、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为基础选词填空题,主要考查词汇的形式变化及常用固定搭配,难度较低,适合基础阶段学生巩固词汇运用。
【难度系数】
0.7
四、根据要求完成下列各题,每空一词。
1. Do you want to go hiking with me?(改为同义句)
Would
you
like
to
go hiking with me?
2. I bought my grandparents a new clock.(改为同义句)
I
bought
a new clock
for
my grandparents.
3. My grandma likes reading in front of the windows.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
—
Does
your
grandma
like
reading in front of the windows?
—
Yes
,
she
does
.
4. He should put the flowers by the window.(对画线部分提问)
Where
should
he
put
the flowers?
5. I didn't clean the bathroom because I was busy yesterday.(对画线部分提问)
Why
didn't
you
clean the bathroom yesterday?

答案

1. Would you like to go hiking with me?
2. I bought a new clock for my grandparents.
3. — Does your grandma like reading in front of the windows?
— Yes, she does.
4. Where should he put the flowers?
5. Why didn't you clean the bathroom yesterday?

解析

【分析】
本题考查英语基础句型转换,需掌握固定搭配、双宾语结构、一般疑问句及特殊疑问句的构成规则:
1. 第1题是同义句转换,"want to do sth"的同义表达为"would like to do sth",需注意情态动词would的用法;
2. 第2题是双宾语结构转换,"buy sb sth"可转换为"buy sth for sb",属于固定搭配应用;
3. 第3题是一般现在时的一般疑问句及肯定回答,主语是第三人称单数(grandma),需借助助动词does,动词还原,回答用对应助动词;
4. 第4题是对地点划线提问,用疑问词where,情态动词should提前构成特殊疑问句;
5. 第5题是对原因划线提问,用疑问词why,原句是一般过去时否定句,需将助动词didn't提前,主语对应转换为you。
【解析】
1. 同义句转换:"want to go hiking"对应"would like to go hiking",故填Would; like to;
2. 双宾语结构转换:"buy sb sth"转换为"buy sth for sb",故填bought; for;
3. 一般疑问句及回答:主语grandma是第三人称单数,一般现在时变疑问句用Does开头,动词like用原形,肯定回答为Yes, she does,故问句填Does your grandma like,回答填Yes; she does;
4. 对地点提问:划线部分是地点,用Where引导,情态动词should提前,主语he,故填Where should he put;
5. 对原因提问:划线部分是原因,用Why引导,原句是一般过去时否定,助动词didn't提前,主语you,故填Why didn't you。
【答案】
1. Would; like to
2. bought; for
3. Does your grandma like; Yes; she does
4. Where should he put
5. Why didn't you
【知识点】
句型转换、固定搭配、双宾语结构
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础句型转换题,考查核心知识点均为日常学习高频考点,掌握基础句型规则和固定搭配即可解答,是巩固英语基础的典型题目。
【难度系数】
0.8