Ⅵ.Complete the passage with the proper forms of the words given in the box.
rainfall, survive, dry up, nature, surprising, where
In a dry village near the desert, summer sun made the land dusty. Crops
32. , and farmers worried. People faced a water shortage—every drop
was precious.
Old Amina knew a secret. "Desert plants 33. by saving water," she
said. She helped children plant special seeds that could wait long time for rain.
Everyone waited.
Then one night, soft 34. came. Drops touched the thirsty ground.
Green shoots appeared! Soon plants grew tall and villagers began to have more food.
35. , big melons grew under the sun, and green beans climbed
walls. Amina smiled at the increasing food. "36. helps those who
wait," she said.
Now the village teaches others to grow strong plants. 37. sand once
blew, now green life dances!

32. dried up 33. survive
34. rainfall 35. Surprisingly 36. Nature
37. Where

【分析】
做这类选词填空的解题思路是：第一步先通读全文，梳理故事的整体语境，明确这是一篇讲述沙漠村庄靠种植耐旱作物改善生存环境的记叙文，整体时态以一般过去时和客观事实的一般现在时为主；第二步先梳理方框内给出的所有词汇的词性、词义，预判可能的变形方向；第三步逐空分析句子的语法结构，判断空格需要的词性、时态、语态等要求，再匹配符合语境的词汇，同时注意句首单词首字母大写这类细节；最后把填好的答案代入全文通读，校验逻辑和语法是否通顺。
【解析】
32. 前文提到夏日的太阳把土地晒得满是尘土，村民面临缺水危机，符合庄稼干涸枯萎的语境，故事整体为过去时态，短语dry up表示“干涸、枯萎”，变为一般过去式dried up。
33. 此处描述沙漠植物的生存特性，属于客观事实，用一般现在时，主语Desert plants是复数，谓语用动词原形survive，意为“存活、生存”，符合“靠储存水分活下去”的语义。
34. 后文提到雨滴落到干渴的地面，空格处需要名词作主语，rainfall意为“降雨、雨量”，完全符合雨夜降雨的语境。
35. 此处修饰后面整个描述作物蓬勃生长的完整句子，需要把形容词surprising变为副词surprisingly，意为“令人惊讶地”，位于句首首字母大写。
36. 此处作句子主语，结合上下文 Amina 讲述的自然规律，指代大自然的力量，用名词Nature，表“大自然”时首字母大写。
37. 此处引导地点状语从句，表示“曾经黄沙肆虐的地方”，用关系副词where，位于句首首字母大写。
【答案】
32. dried up 33. survive 34. rainfall 35. Surprisingly 36. Nature 37. Where
【知识点】
选词填空，词性转换，地点状语从句
【点评】
本题属于记叙文体的选词填空题，兼顾语境词义匹配和基础语法考察，既要求学生能读懂故事主线、结合前后文推断语义，也考察了时态变形、副词作状语、从句引导词等基础知识点，易错点集中在句首单词的形式变化和第37空的where引导状语从句的用法，整体能很好地检验学生的综合语言运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.7

Ⅶ.Complete the passage with the proper words according to the Chinese given.
In ancient times, people looked closely at the world around them. They saw the
38. (太阳)and the moon rise, the seasons change, and animals come
and go. They wanted to understand these patterns to 39. (计划)their
farming and lives better. They noticed ten main symbols connected to the sky and
twelve linked to the earth—The Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches.
40. (通过)mixing these symbols, a cycle of sixty years was created.
This system was a natural 41. (历法)for many tasks.
Farmers used this knowledge to 42. (决定)the best time to plant
seeds. They found some years were better for certain crops. This was
43. (尤其)true for knowing when the rains would come. The
44. (到来)of a new season was predicted by 45. (观察)the
stars. This ancient 46. (智慧), passed down through generations, has
helped people live in harmony with nature's rhythm.

38. sun 39. plan 40. By
41. calendar 42. decide 43. especially
44. arrival 45. observing 46. wisdom

【分析】
这是一道语篇型中文提示单词拼写题，解题时首先要通读全文，明确本文介绍中国古代天干地支历法的整体语境，之后逐个分析空格：第一步先结合空格前后的搭配判断所需单词的词性，第二步对应中文提示写出基础单词，第三步结合语法规则调整单词的正确形式，比如不定式后接动词原形、介词后接动名词、副词修饰形容词等规则，最终得到符合语境和语法的正确答案。
【解析】
38. 空格和后文的the moon并列，需要填表示天体的名词，对应中文“太阳”，填sun。
39. 空格前是不定式符号to，表目的，后面需要接动词原形，对应中文“计划”，填plan。
40. 空格后接动名词mixing，表动作的方式，对应中文“通过”，构成by doing sth的固定结构，句首首字母大写，填By。
41. 空格前有不定冠词a，需要接可数名词单数，对应中文“历法”，填calendar。
42. 空格前是不定式符号to，后面接动词原形，对应中文“决定”，填decide。
43. 空格用来修饰后面的形容词true，需要用副词，对应中文“尤其”，填especially。
44. 空格前有定冠词the，需要接名词作句子主语，对应中文“到来”，填arrival。
45. 空格前是介词by，介词后面需要接动名词作宾语，对应中文“观察”，填observing。
46. 空格前有形容词ancient修饰，需要接名词，对应中文“智慧”，填wisdom。
【答案】
38. sun 39. plan 40. By
41. calendar 42. decide 43. especially
44. arrival 45. observing 46. wisdom
【知识点】
语篇单词拼写，词性辨析，非谓语用法
【点评】
本题结合中国传统天干地支文化考察基础词汇掌握，既要求学生熟记课标核心单词的词义，也要求学生能结合语法规则判断单词的正确变形，避免死记硬背单词原形的误区，难度适中，能有效考察学生在语境中运用词汇的能力。
【难度系数】
0.7