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Ⅴ.Cloze test.
Rivers are one of our most important natural resources. Many of the world's great
17 are located on rivers, and almost every 18 has at least one river flowing
through it that plays an important part in the 19 of its people.
Since the beginning of history, people have used rivers ______ 20 ______ transport. The
longest one in the USA is the Mississippi. The lifeline of Egypt is the Nile. To the
people of India, the Ganges is great, but it is also 21 for transport—ships can
travel along it for a thousand miles. Other great 22 are the Congo in Africa and
the Mekong in Southeast Asia. The greatest river of all for navigation is the
Amazon in Brazil. It is 23 wide and deep that large ships can go about two
thousand miles upon it.
Besides transportation, rivers give 24 to eat, water to drink, water for crops,
and 25 for fun and recreation for the people who live 26 their banks. In order
to provide enough water for crops, 27 sometimes build a dam across a river
and let a lake form behind the dam. Then people can use the water not only to irrigate
their 28 but also to make electricity for their homes and industries.
29, large cities and industries located along rivers often cause serious problems.
As the cities grow in size and industries increase in 30, the water in the rivers
becomes polluted with chemicals and other materials. People are learning the
importance of doing more to keep their rivers 31 if they want to enjoy the benefits
of this natural resource.
()17. A. cities B. houses C. gardens D. streets
()18. A. town B. city C. country D. area
()19. A. manners B. cases C. blocks D. lives
()20. A. to B. in C. with D. for
()21. A. empty B. friendly C. important D. interesting
()22. A. rivers B. mountains C. lakes D. seas
()23. A. too B. enough C. such D. so
()24. A. fish B. fruit C. food D. vegetables
()25. A. purposes B. opportunities C. gifts D. subjects
()26. A. across B. through C. along D. straight
()27. A. scientists B. engineers C. villagers D. farmers
()28. A. fields B. trees C. wheat D. flowers
()29. A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Whoever D. However
()30. A. height B. weight C. skill D. number
()31. A. clean B. narrow C. similar D. proper
Rivers are one of our most important natural resources. Many of the world's great
17 are located on rivers, and almost every 18 has at least one river flowing
through it that plays an important part in the 19 of its people.
Since the beginning of history, people have used rivers ______ 20 ______ transport. The
longest one in the USA is the Mississippi. The lifeline of Egypt is the Nile. To the
people of India, the Ganges is great, but it is also 21 for transport—ships can
travel along it for a thousand miles. Other great 22 are the Congo in Africa and
the Mekong in Southeast Asia. The greatest river of all for navigation is the
Amazon in Brazil. It is 23 wide and deep that large ships can go about two
thousand miles upon it.
Besides transportation, rivers give 24 to eat, water to drink, water for crops,
and 25 for fun and recreation for the people who live 26 their banks. In order
to provide enough water for crops, 27 sometimes build a dam across a river
and let a lake form behind the dam. Then people can use the water not only to irrigate
their 28 but also to make electricity for their homes and industries.
29, large cities and industries located along rivers often cause serious problems.
As the cities grow in size and industries increase in 30, the water in the rivers
becomes polluted with chemicals and other materials. People are learning the
importance of doing more to keep their rivers 31 if they want to enjoy the benefits
of this natural resource.
()17. A. cities B. houses C. gardens D. streets
()18. A. town B. city C. country D. area
()19. A. manners B. cases C. blocks D. lives
()20. A. to B. in C. with D. for
()21. A. empty B. friendly C. important D. interesting
()22. A. rivers B. mountains C. lakes D. seas
()23. A. too B. enough C. such D. so
()24. A. fish B. fruit C. food D. vegetables
()25. A. purposes B. opportunities C. gifts D. subjects
()26. A. across B. through C. along D. straight
()27. A. scientists B. engineers C. villagers D. farmers
()28. A. fields B. trees C. wheat D. flowers
()29. A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Whoever D. However
()30. A. height B. weight C. skill D. number
()31. A. clean B. narrow C. similar D. proper
答案
17.A 18.C 19.D 20.D 21.C 22.A 23.D 24.C 25.B 26.C
27.B 28.A 29.D 30.D 31.A
27.B 28.A 29.D 30.D 31.A
解析
【分析】
做完形填空首先要通读全文，明确本文核心主题是介绍河流作为重要自然资源的价值、人类对河流的多元利用，以及河流污染现状和水资源保护的必要性。解题时逐空结合前后句的语境提示，先排除不符合常识、逻辑完全相悖的选项，再通过词义辨析、固定搭配验证剩余选项，选出最贴合上下文语义的答案，同时注意前后文的呼应关系，比如前文列举多国河流的内容就能对应到18空的国家选项，前文讲河流益处后文讲污染的转折逻辑也能直接对应29空的转折连词。
【解析】
17. 句意：世界上许多伟大的城市都坐落于河畔。A. cities城市；B. houses房屋；C. gardens花园；D. streets街道。结合常识，大型聚居城市多依河而建，符合语境，选A。
18. 句意：几乎每个国家都至少有一条河流经其境。A. town城镇；B. city城市；C. country国家；D. area区域。前文先后列举了美国、埃及、印度等不同主权国家的代表性河流，这里的范围对应国家，选C。
19. 句意：这条河在当地人民的生活中发挥着重要作用。A. manners礼仪；B. cases案例；C. blocks街区；D. lives生活。play an important part in one's lives表示在某人生活中起重要作用，符合语境，选D。
20. 句意：从历史之初，人们就将河流用于运输。固定搭配use sth. for sth. 表示“把某物用作某种用途”，此处用介词for，选D。
21. 句意：恒河对印度人民意义重大，它对运输也十分重要——船只可以沿它航行上千英里。A. empty空的；B. friendly友好的；C. important重要的；D. interesting有趣的。后文明确提到恒河的航运价值，说明它对运输十分重要，选C。
22. 句意：其他的伟大河流还有非洲的刚果河和东南亚的湄公河。前文一直在列举世界各地的知名河流，此处对应选A. rivers。
23. 句意：它是如此宽阔深邃，以至于大型船只可以在其上航行约两千英里。固定结构so+形容词/副词+that... 表示“如此…以至于…”，此处wide和deep是形容词，用so修饰，选D。
24. 句意：除了交通之外，河流还给人们提供可食用的食物、饮用水、灌溉庄稼的水。A. fish鱼；B. fruit水果；C. food食物；D. vegetables蔬菜。河流能提供的可食用品类不止鱼类，food涵盖范围更广，贴合语境，选C。
25. 句意：也为居住在河岸沿线的人们提供休闲娱乐的机会。A. purposes目的；B. opportunities机会；C. gifts礼物；D. subjects学科。河流可以为人们提供游玩休闲的条件，对应娱乐机会的表述符合文意，选B。
26. 句意：居住在河岸沿线的人们。A. across横穿；B. through穿过；C. along沿着；D. straight直的。along the banks是固定表达，意为沿着河岸，选C。
27. 句意：为了给庄稼提供足够的水，工程师们有时会在河上筑坝，在坝后形成湖泊。A. scientists科学家；B. engineers工程师；C. villagers村民；D. farmers农民。修建水坝属于工程建设，由工程师主导完成，选B。
28. 句意：然后人们不仅可以用这些水灌溉农田，还能为家庭和工业发电。A. fields田地；B. trees树木；C. wheat小麦；D. flowers花。irrigate fields灌溉农田是常用搭配，符合语境，选A。
29. 句意：然而，坐落于河流沿岸的大城市和工业经常引发严重的问题。前文一直在讲河流给人类带来的益处，后文转而讲污染问题，是转折关系，用However表转折，选D。
30. 句意：随着城市规模扩大，工业数量增加，河流里的水被化学物质和其他物质污染。A. height高度；B. weight重量；C. skill技能；D. number数量。increase in number表示数量增长，符合工业扩张的语境，选D。
31. 句意：如果人们想要享受这种自然资源的好处，就正在意识到要付出更多努力来保持河流清洁的重要性。A. clean干净的；B. narrow狭窄的；C. similar相似的；D. proper合适的。前文提到河流被污染，对应的保护措施就是保持河流洁净，选A。
【答案】
17.A 18.C 19.D 20.D 21.C 22.A 23.D 24.C 25.B 26.C 27.B 28.A 29.D 30.D 31.A
【知识点】
完形语境辨析；固定搭配应用；连词逻辑判断
【点评】
这篇完形填空主题贴近现实生活，围绕河流的价值与保护展开，考点覆盖基础词义辨析、常用固定搭配、上下文逻辑衔接，难度适中，既考察学生对初中核心词汇的掌握程度，也要求学生结合全文语境和生活常识判断选项，同时能引导学生建立水资源保护的意识。
【难度系数】
0.7
做完形填空首先要通读全文，明确本文核心主题是介绍河流作为重要自然资源的价值、人类对河流的多元利用，以及河流污染现状和水资源保护的必要性。解题时逐空结合前后句的语境提示，先排除不符合常识、逻辑完全相悖的选项，再通过词义辨析、固定搭配验证剩余选项，选出最贴合上下文语义的答案，同时注意前后文的呼应关系，比如前文列举多国河流的内容就能对应到18空的国家选项，前文讲河流益处后文讲污染的转折逻辑也能直接对应29空的转折连词。
【解析】
17. 句意：世界上许多伟大的城市都坐落于河畔。A. cities城市；B. houses房屋；C. gardens花园；D. streets街道。结合常识，大型聚居城市多依河而建，符合语境，选A。
18. 句意：几乎每个国家都至少有一条河流经其境。A. town城镇；B. city城市；C. country国家；D. area区域。前文先后列举了美国、埃及、印度等不同主权国家的代表性河流，这里的范围对应国家，选C。
19. 句意：这条河在当地人民的生活中发挥着重要作用。A. manners礼仪；B. cases案例；C. blocks街区；D. lives生活。play an important part in one's lives表示在某人生活中起重要作用，符合语境，选D。
20. 句意：从历史之初，人们就将河流用于运输。固定搭配use sth. for sth. 表示“把某物用作某种用途”，此处用介词for，选D。
21. 句意：恒河对印度人民意义重大，它对运输也十分重要——船只可以沿它航行上千英里。A. empty空的；B. friendly友好的；C. important重要的；D. interesting有趣的。后文明确提到恒河的航运价值，说明它对运输十分重要，选C。
22. 句意：其他的伟大河流还有非洲的刚果河和东南亚的湄公河。前文一直在列举世界各地的知名河流，此处对应选A. rivers。
23. 句意：它是如此宽阔深邃，以至于大型船只可以在其上航行约两千英里。固定结构so+形容词/副词+that... 表示“如此…以至于…”，此处wide和deep是形容词，用so修饰，选D。
24. 句意：除了交通之外，河流还给人们提供可食用的食物、饮用水、灌溉庄稼的水。A. fish鱼；B. fruit水果；C. food食物；D. vegetables蔬菜。河流能提供的可食用品类不止鱼类，food涵盖范围更广，贴合语境，选C。
25. 句意：也为居住在河岸沿线的人们提供休闲娱乐的机会。A. purposes目的；B. opportunities机会；C. gifts礼物；D. subjects学科。河流可以为人们提供游玩休闲的条件，对应娱乐机会的表述符合文意，选B。
26. 句意：居住在河岸沿线的人们。A. across横穿；B. through穿过；C. along沿着；D. straight直的。along the banks是固定表达，意为沿着河岸，选C。
27. 句意：为了给庄稼提供足够的水，工程师们有时会在河上筑坝，在坝后形成湖泊。A. scientists科学家；B. engineers工程师；C. villagers村民；D. farmers农民。修建水坝属于工程建设，由工程师主导完成，选B。
28. 句意：然后人们不仅可以用这些水灌溉农田，还能为家庭和工业发电。A. fields田地；B. trees树木；C. wheat小麦；D. flowers花。irrigate fields灌溉农田是常用搭配，符合语境，选A。
29. 句意：然而，坐落于河流沿岸的大城市和工业经常引发严重的问题。前文一直在讲河流给人类带来的益处，后文转而讲污染问题，是转折关系，用However表转折，选D。
30. 句意：随着城市规模扩大，工业数量增加，河流里的水被化学物质和其他物质污染。A. height高度；B. weight重量；C. skill技能；D. number数量。increase in number表示数量增长，符合工业扩张的语境，选D。
31. 句意：如果人们想要享受这种自然资源的好处，就正在意识到要付出更多努力来保持河流清洁的重要性。A. clean干净的；B. narrow狭窄的；C. similar相似的；D. proper合适的。前文提到河流被污染，对应的保护措施就是保持河流洁净，选A。
【答案】
17.A 18.C 19.D 20.D 21.C 22.A 23.D 24.C 25.B 26.C 27.B 28.A 29.D 30.D 31.A
【知识点】
完形语境辨析；固定搭配应用；连词逻辑判断
【点评】
这篇完形填空主题贴近现实生活，围绕河流的价值与保护展开，考点覆盖基础词义辨析、常用固定搭配、上下文逻辑衔接，难度适中，既考察学生对初中核心词汇的掌握程度，也要求学生结合全文语境和生活常识判断选项，同时能引导学生建立水资源保护的意识。
【难度系数】
0.7
