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四、词汇运用。（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语并用其适当形式填空，每个单词或短语限用一次。
carry on, stomach, run out, continue, operate on,
fine, polite, set up, wise, make a difference
41. Suzy is a really nice girl. She always speaks to the elderly
42. My aunt works in a big hospital. Sometimes over ten patients
43. Yesterday Robin
44. Modern medicine is developing quickly but more money is needed to
45. We expect to
46. After a period of rest, they
47. Delicious traditional Chinese snacks won the hearts and
48. —Time
—OK. I am sure we can complete the work on time.
49. Oxfam was
50. Learn to manage time
从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语并用其适当形式填空，每个单词或短语限用一次。
carry on, stomach, run out, continue, operate on,
fine, polite, set up, wise, make a difference
41. Suzy is a really nice girl. She always speaks to the elderly
politely
.42. My aunt works in a big hospital. Sometimes over ten patients
are operated on
a day.43. Yesterday Robin
was fined
for not wearing the helmet(头盔) when riding his e-bike.44. Modern medicine is developing quickly but more money is needed to
carry on
with the work.45. We expect to
make a difference
to the children's life by sharing our knowledge in different areas.46. After a period of rest, they
continued
helping their neighbours with the harvest yesterday.47. Delicious traditional Chinese snacks won the hearts and
stomachs
of many foreigners.48. —Time
is running out
. We must hurry up!—OK. I am sure we can complete the work on time.
49. Oxfam was
set up
in the UK in 1942. It's an international charity.50. Learn to manage time
wisely
, and you can make the most out of each day.答案
41. politely 42. are operated on 43. was fined 44. carry on 45. make a difference 46. continued 47. stomachs 48. is running out 49. set up 50. wisely
解析
【分析】本题为词汇运用题，需先明确方框内单词/短语的含义及形式，再结合句子的语境、时态、语态、词性变化、固定搭配等要求，逐一确定每个空的正确形式，且每个单词/短语限用一次。具体思路如下：
1. 分析每个句子的成分，判断空格处所需词性（如副词修饰动词、名词需考虑单复数等）；
2. 结合时间状语、主语与动词的主被动关系确定时态和语态；
3. 利用固定搭配、短语用法匹配方框内的词汇，确保每个词仅用一次。
【解析】
41. 空格修饰动词speaks，需用副词，方框中形容词polite对应的副词是politely，符合“对老人礼貌地说话”的语境，故填politely。
42. 主语patients是动作operate on（给...做手术）的承受者，需用被动语态；句子描述日常情况，用一般现在时，被动结构为“are + 过去分词”，故填are operated on。
43. 主语Robin是动作fine（罚款）的承受者，时间状语yesterday表过去，需用一般过去时被动语态，结构为“was + 过去分词”，故填was fined。
44. 固定搭配carry on with sth意为“继续做某事”，need to后接动词原形，故填carry on。
45. 固定搭配make a difference to意为“对...有影响”，expect to后接动词原形，故填make a difference。
46. 固定搭配continue doing sth意为“继续做某事”，时间状语yesterday表过去，需用动词过去式，故填continued。
47. stomach是可数名词，与并列名词hearts保持形式一致，需用复数形式，故填stomachs。
48. 固定搭配run out意为“用完”，此处用现在进行时表将来（表示即将发生的动作），主语time为不可数名词，be动词用is，故填is running out。
49. Oxfam是动作set up（建立）的承受者，需用被动语态，结构为“be + 过去分词”，set的过去分词为set，故填set up。
50. 空格修饰动词短语manage time，需用副词，形容词wise对应的副词是wisely，符合“明智地管理时间”的语境，故填wisely。
【答案】41. politely 42. are operated on 43. was fined 44. carry on 45. make a difference 46. continued 47. stomachs 48. is running out 49. set up 50. wisely
【知识点】副词的运用、动词的时态与语态、固定短语搭配
【点评】本题考查词汇的灵活运用，涵盖词性转换、时态语态、名词单复数及固定搭配等基础知识点，要求学生结合语境准确判断词形，难度适中，只要掌握基础词汇和语法规则即可正确解答。
【难度系数】0.6
1. 分析每个句子的成分，判断空格处所需词性（如副词修饰动词、名词需考虑单复数等）；
2. 结合时间状语、主语与动词的主被动关系确定时态和语态；
3. 利用固定搭配、短语用法匹配方框内的词汇，确保每个词仅用一次。
【解析】
41. 空格修饰动词speaks，需用副词，方框中形容词polite对应的副词是politely，符合“对老人礼貌地说话”的语境，故填politely。
42. 主语patients是动作operate on（给...做手术）的承受者，需用被动语态；句子描述日常情况，用一般现在时，被动结构为“are + 过去分词”，故填are operated on。
43. 主语Robin是动作fine（罚款）的承受者，时间状语yesterday表过去，需用一般过去时被动语态，结构为“was + 过去分词”，故填was fined。
44. 固定搭配carry on with sth意为“继续做某事”，need to后接动词原形，故填carry on。
45. 固定搭配make a difference to意为“对...有影响”，expect to后接动词原形，故填make a difference。
46. 固定搭配continue doing sth意为“继续做某事”，时间状语yesterday表过去，需用动词过去式，故填continued。
47. stomach是可数名词，与并列名词hearts保持形式一致，需用复数形式，故填stomachs。
48. 固定搭配run out意为“用完”，此处用现在进行时表将来（表示即将发生的动作），主语time为不可数名词，be动词用is，故填is running out。
49. Oxfam是动作set up（建立）的承受者，需用被动语态，结构为“be + 过去分词”，set的过去分词为set，故填set up。
50. 空格修饰动词短语manage time，需用副词，形容词wise对应的副词是wisely，符合“明智地管理时间”的语境，故填wisely。
【答案】41. politely 42. are operated on 43. was fined 44. carry on 45. make a difference 46. continued 47. stomachs 48. is running out 49. set up 50. wisely
【知识点】副词的运用、动词的时态与语态、固定短语搭配
【点评】本题考查词汇的灵活运用，涵盖词性转换、时态语态、名词单复数及固定搭配等基础知识点，要求学生结合语境准确判断词形，难度适中，只要掌握基础词汇和语法规则即可正确解答。
【难度系数】0.6
五、阅读填空。（共 20 空;每空1分,满分20分）
（A）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词,使短文意思完整,每空一词。
An officer in Shanghai recently replied to a letter from volunteers in a community. They help with garbage sorting(垃圾分类). In his reply, he said he was happy to know that after several years of publicity(推广), the work of garbage sorting in the volunteers' community was very s 51. He also hopes more people can d 52 the habit of sorting garbage.
Since 2019, more than 22,000 garbage stations have been upgraded(升级) in Shanghai. A huge change has taken place in the city in r 53 years. People once resisted garbage sorting, but now they are actively joining in the activity. The community also makes full use of t 54 such as AI recognition in garbage sorting. There are special recycling machines besides the garbage cans. People put in old clothes they don't want. This can help those who can't a 55 clothes in some poor areas.
“Sorting garbage is a way to make the community a b 56 place. Also, people can get points on Alipay if they m 57 to put the garbage into the right bins. The points can be exchanged for gifts on Tmall,” said a volunteer. He said many people changed their minds after this kind of “persuasion(劝说)”.
16-year-old volunteer Yu Yue has made posters and written articles about garbage sorting. “My classmates and I e 58 made an animation(动画) to help people understand. After watching them, they have known how important garbage sorting is to the e 59,” Yu said. In the future, the community will hold more events and work c 60 with local schools. The whole country is going to implement garbage sorting by the end of 2025.
51.
56.
（A）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词,使短文意思完整,每空一词。
An officer in Shanghai recently replied to a letter from volunteers in a community. They help with garbage sorting(垃圾分类). In his reply, he said he was happy to know that after several years of publicity(推广), the work of garbage sorting in the volunteers' community was very s 51. He also hopes more people can d 52 the habit of sorting garbage.
Since 2019, more than 22,000 garbage stations have been upgraded(升级) in Shanghai. A huge change has taken place in the city in r 53 years. People once resisted garbage sorting, but now they are actively joining in the activity. The community also makes full use of t 54 such as AI recognition in garbage sorting. There are special recycling machines besides the garbage cans. People put in old clothes they don't want. This can help those who can't a 55 clothes in some poor areas.
“Sorting garbage is a way to make the community a b 56 place. Also, people can get points on Alipay if they m 57 to put the garbage into the right bins. The points can be exchanged for gifts on Tmall,” said a volunteer. He said many people changed their minds after this kind of “persuasion(劝说)”.
16-year-old volunteer Yu Yue has made posters and written articles about garbage sorting. “My classmates and I e 58 made an animation(动画) to help people understand. After watching them, they have known how important garbage sorting is to the e 59,” Yu said. In the future, the community will hold more events and work c 60 with local schools. The whole country is going to implement garbage sorting by the end of 2025.
51.
successful
52. develop
53. recent
54. technology
55. afford
56.
better
57. manage
58. even
59. environment
60. closely
答案
(A) 51. successful 52. develop 53. recent 54. technology 55. afford 56. better 57. manage 58. even 59. environment 60. closely
解析
【分析】
本题为英语首字母填空，解题思路是：先通读全文理解短文大意，再结合每个空的上下文语境、固定搭配、语法规则，以及给出的首字母提示，确定符合句意的正确单词，确保填入后短文逻辑通顺、语义完整。
【解析】
51. 结合前文“after several years of publicity”（经过几年推广），可知垃圾分类工作很成功，首字母为s，故填successful；
52. “develop the habit”是固定搭配，意为“养成习惯”，符合“希望更多人养成垃圾分类习惯”的语境，首字母为d，故填develop；
53. “in recent years”是固定短语，意为“近几年”，符合上海垃圾分类的时间背景，首字母为r，故填recent；
54. 后文举例“AI recognition”（AI识别）属于技术范畴，结合“makes full use of”（充分利用），首字母为t，故填technology；
55. 前文提到旧衣服回收，目的是帮助贫困地区买不起衣服的人，“afford”意为“买得起”，首字母为a，故填afford；
56. 垃圾分类能让社区成为更好的地方，“better”（更好的）符合语境，首字母为b，故填better；
57. “manage to do sth”是固定搭配，意为“设法做成某事”，结合“把垃圾放进正确的 bins”的语境，首字母为m，故填manage；
58. 前文提到制作海报、写文章，此处递进说明“甚至做了动画”，“even”（甚至）符合逻辑，首字母为e，故填even；
59. 垃圾分类对环境重要，“environment”（环境）符合句意，首字母为e，故填environment；
60. 此处修饰动词“work”，需用副词，“closely”（密切地）符合“和当地学校密切合作”的语境，首字母为c，故填closely。
【答案】
51. successful 52. develop 53. recent 54. technology 55. afford 56. better 57. manage 58. even 59. environment 60. closely
【知识点】
英语首字母填空、固定搭配运用、语境词义理解
【点评】
本题考查学生对英语词汇的掌握及上下文语境的理解能力，需结合句意、固定搭配等综合判断单词，整体难度适中，是常见的英语基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语首字母填空，解题思路是：先通读全文理解短文大意，再结合每个空的上下文语境、固定搭配、语法规则，以及给出的首字母提示，确定符合句意的正确单词，确保填入后短文逻辑通顺、语义完整。
【解析】
51. 结合前文“after several years of publicity”（经过几年推广），可知垃圾分类工作很成功，首字母为s，故填successful；
52. “develop the habit”是固定搭配，意为“养成习惯”，符合“希望更多人养成垃圾分类习惯”的语境，首字母为d，故填develop；
53. “in recent years”是固定短语，意为“近几年”，符合上海垃圾分类的时间背景，首字母为r，故填recent；
54. 后文举例“AI recognition”（AI识别）属于技术范畴，结合“makes full use of”（充分利用），首字母为t，故填technology；
55. 前文提到旧衣服回收，目的是帮助贫困地区买不起衣服的人，“afford”意为“买得起”，首字母为a，故填afford；
56. 垃圾分类能让社区成为更好的地方，“better”（更好的）符合语境，首字母为b，故填better；
57. “manage to do sth”是固定搭配，意为“设法做成某事”，结合“把垃圾放进正确的 bins”的语境，首字母为m，故填manage；
58. 前文提到制作海报、写文章，此处递进说明“甚至做了动画”，“even”（甚至）符合逻辑，首字母为e，故填even；
59. 垃圾分类对环境重要，“environment”（环境）符合句意，首字母为e，故填environment；
60. 此处修饰动词“work”，需用副词，“closely”（密切地）符合“和当地学校密切合作”的语境，首字母为c，故填closely。
【答案】
51. successful 52. develop 53. recent 54. technology 55. afford 56. better 57. manage 58. even 59. environment 60. closely
【知识点】
英语首字母填空、固定搭配运用、语境词义理解
【点评】
本题考查学生对英语词汇的掌握及上下文语境的理解能力，需结合句意、固定搭配等综合判断单词，整体难度适中，是常见的英语基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.6
