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五、跨学科生物 阅读理解。
主题群:自然生态 子主题:动物科普 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★★
Arctic foxes live on the land and sea ice within the Arctic Circle(北极圈). Winter in the Arctic is quite different. From October to February, the sun never rises to give warmth and light.
Luckily, these small foxes have a wonderful ability to live in the icy Arctic. Their thick fur coats and long furry tails keep them warm. Their feet also have thick fur like built-in snow boots. This makes it harder for their prey(猎物) to hear their footsteps. And their white coats make it difficult for predators such as wolves, polar bears and golden eagles to find them among the ice and snow.
When it's not trying to keep warm or avoid predators, an Arctic fox is on the hunt for food. Arctic foxes prefer to eat small lemmings, but when times are difficult they'll eat whatever they can find: insects, berries, and even the droppings of other animals. Sometimes an Arctic fox will follow a polar bear on a hunting trip and eat the bear's leftovers.
If a fox can't find food, or if the weather gets really bad, it can dig a den(兽穴) and slow down its heart rate and metabolism(新陈代谢). This helps the animal save energy so it doesn't have to eat as much.
Once the animal comes out of its den, it'll try to hunt again. With food in its belly, the Arctic fox has a better chance of making it through another long, dark winter.
(
A. Their furry coats. B. Their white coats.
C. Their long tails. D. Their furry feet.
(
A. Get close to. B. Run after. C. Keep away from. D. Depend on.
(
A. Arctic foxes only live on insects. B. Arctic foxes are dangerous animals.
C. Arctic foxes can stay alive in winter. D. Arctic foxes keep food in their dens.
(
主题群:自然生态 子主题:动物科普 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★★
Arctic foxes live on the land and sea ice within the Arctic Circle(北极圈). Winter in the Arctic is quite different. From October to February, the sun never rises to give warmth and light.
Luckily, these small foxes have a wonderful ability to live in the icy Arctic. Their thick fur coats and long furry tails keep them warm. Their feet also have thick fur like built-in snow boots. This makes it harder for their prey(猎物) to hear their footsteps. And their white coats make it difficult for predators such as wolves, polar bears and golden eagles to find them among the ice and snow.
When it's not trying to keep warm or avoid predators, an Arctic fox is on the hunt for food. Arctic foxes prefer to eat small lemmings, but when times are difficult they'll eat whatever they can find: insects, berries, and even the droppings of other animals. Sometimes an Arctic fox will follow a polar bear on a hunting trip and eat the bear's leftovers.
If a fox can't find food, or if the weather gets really bad, it can dig a den(兽穴) and slow down its heart rate and metabolism(新陈代谢). This helps the animal save energy so it doesn't have to eat as much.
Once the animal comes out of its den, it'll try to hunt again. With food in its belly, the Arctic fox has a better chance of making it through another long, dark winter.
(
D
)1. What can help the Arctic foxes hunt for food more easily?A. Their furry coats. B. Their white coats.
C. Their long tails. D. Their furry feet.
(
C
)2. What does the underlined word "avoid" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Get close to. B. Run after. C. Keep away from. D. Depend on.
(
C
)3. What can we learn from the passage?A. Arctic foxes only live on insects. B. Arctic foxes are dangerous animals.
C. Arctic foxes can stay alive in winter. D. Arctic foxes keep food in their dens.
(
D
)4. (创新考法·语篇结构)What is the structure of the passage?答案
1~4. DCCD
解析
【分析】
1. 第1题：定位原文中与北极狐捕猎相关的内容，找到帮助捕猎的特征，排除不符合的选项；
2. 第2题：结合语境分析划线词的含义，结合并列成分和对象推测词义；
3. 第3题：逐一核对选项与原文内容，排除错误选项，选出符合原文的结论；
4. 第4题：梳理文章结构，分析各部分内容的逻辑关系，匹配对应结构选项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第二段“Their feet also have thick fur like built-in snow boots. This makes it harder for their prey(猎物) to hear their footsteps.”可知，北极狐脚的厚毛能让猎物难听到脚步声，帮助捕猎更易，故选D。
2. 词义猜测题：结合语境“keep warm or avoid predators”，predators指捕食者，“avoid”应是“避开”的意思，对应选项C。
3. 细节理解题：A选项“只吃昆虫”与原文“prefer to eat small lemmings, but when times are difficult they'll eat whatever they can find: insects, berries...”不符；B选项“危险动物”原文未提及；D选项“存食物”无依据；C选项“能在冬天存活”符合原文内容，故选C。
4. 语篇结构题：原文先介绍北极狐的生存环境，再分别讲述其保暖能力、捕猎方式、应对恶劣环境的方法，最后总结，结构对应选项D，故选D。
【答案】
DCCD
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测
【点评】
本题为跨学科生物主题的英语阅读理解题，考查细节理解、词义猜测及语篇结构分析，题型常规，难度适中，需学生准确定位原文信息并结合语境推理。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第1题：定位原文中与北极狐捕猎相关的内容，找到帮助捕猎的特征，排除不符合的选项；
2. 第2题：结合语境分析划线词的含义，结合并列成分和对象推测词义；
3. 第3题：逐一核对选项与原文内容，排除错误选项，选出符合原文的结论；
4. 第4题：梳理文章结构，分析各部分内容的逻辑关系，匹配对应结构选项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第二段“Their feet also have thick fur like built-in snow boots. This makes it harder for their prey(猎物) to hear their footsteps.”可知，北极狐脚的厚毛能让猎物难听到脚步声，帮助捕猎更易，故选D。
2. 词义猜测题：结合语境“keep warm or avoid predators”，predators指捕食者，“avoid”应是“避开”的意思，对应选项C。
3. 细节理解题：A选项“只吃昆虫”与原文“prefer to eat small lemmings, but when times are difficult they'll eat whatever they can find: insects, berries...”不符；B选项“危险动物”原文未提及；D选项“存食物”无依据；C选项“能在冬天存活”符合原文内容，故选C。
4. 语篇结构题：原文先介绍北极狐的生存环境，再分别讲述其保暖能力、捕猎方式、应对恶劣环境的方法，最后总结，结构对应选项D，故选D。
【答案】
DCCD
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测
【点评】
本题为跨学科生物主题的英语阅读理解题，考查细节理解、词义猜测及语篇结构分析，题型常规，难度适中，需学生准确定位原文信息并结合语境推理。
【难度系数】
0.6
