四、词语运用。
A)选用方框里的单词或词组填空，其中有一个单词或词组是多余的。
$\boxed{environmental\quad actions\quad set\ up\quad mud\quad kill\quad waste}$
To solve serious $\underline{1}$ problems, our community decided to $\underline{2}$ a volunteer team. We learned that some harmful chemicals $\underline{3}$ plants and pollute rivers, so we started cleaning up $\underline{4}$ and telling people about green living. Slowly, the river became clearer, and more trees grew back. Small $\underline{5}$ can make a big difference if we work together.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A)1. environmental 2. set up 3. kill 4. waste 5. actions

【分析】
先通读短文把握整体语境，再结合方框内单词的词性、词义逐一匹配空格需求：第1空修饰名词，需形容词；第2空在decide to后，需动词短语；第3空作谓语，需动词原形；第4空作clean up的宾语，需名词；第5空被形容词small修饰，需名词复数，据此筛选合适单词。
【解析】
1. 空格修饰名词problems，需形容词，方框中environmental（环境的）为形容词，构成“环境问题”，符合语境；
2. decide to do sth.是固定搭配，需动词短语，set up（建立）符合“建立志愿队”的语义；
3. 主语harmful chemicals是复数，谓语动词用原形，kill（杀死）符合“杀死植物”的逻辑；
4. clean up后接名词作宾语，waste（垃圾）符合“清理垃圾”的语境；
5. small后接名词复数，actions（行动）符合“小行动带来大改变”的语义，剩余mud为多余项。
【答案】
1. environmental 2. set up 3. kill 4. waste 5. actions
【知识点】
词语运用；词汇辨析
【点评】
本题考查词汇在语境中的正确运用，需结合词性、固定搭配及上下文语义选择单词，侧重基础词汇的掌握，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

B)阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
In early November, millions of birds flew across the Yellow River estuary（河口） in Dongying City. With its wonderful climate, the Yellow River estuary is an important stop 1 these birds on their way to the south.
Dongying has taken action 2 (protect) the wetlands and the wildlife in the area. The government is spending more money on the water in the wetlands and 3 (help) make the air and land better. What's more, the government has built a centre for the area to record and study 4 information of the weather, water quality, land and the sea. Now people are working hard to protect the 5 (live) place for birds like cranes, black-billed gulls, and oriental white storks.
The government's effort leads to a growing number of wild animals 6 (stay) in the city. Now, we can find 410 kinds of birds in the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve, which is often 7 (call) an “international airport(机场) for birds”.
Now Dongying is not only a 8 (wonder) place for different kinds of birds, but also a popular attraction for a great number of 9 (travel) from all over the world. It is a good example to show that the world will be a better place 10 humans care about and learn to live in peace with wildlife.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

B)1. for 2. to protect 3. helping 4. the 5. living 6. staying 7. called 8. wonderful 9. travellers 10. if

【分析】
先通读短文，理解主旨是介绍东营黄河河口对鸟类的保护及相关措施。再逐个分析每个空的考点，结合语境、固定搭配、语法规则（如介词搭配、非谓语动词、冠词等）确定答案：第1空考固定搭配；第2空考不定式作目的状语；第3空考并列动名词结构；第4空考特指用定冠词；第5空考形容词修饰名词；第6空考非谓语动词；第7空考被动语态；第8空考形容词修饰名词；第9空考名词复数；第10空考条件状语从句连词。
【解析】
1. 考查介词，固定搭配“stop for”表示“（迁徙途中的）停留点”，故填for。
2. 考查非谓语动词，固定搭配“take action to do sth”（采取行动做某事），此处用不定式作目的状语，故填to protect。
3. 考查并列结构，“spend...doing sth”为固定用法，and连接两个并列动名词，与spending对应，故填helping。
4. 考查冠词，此处特指后文的天气、水质等信息，用定冠词the，故填the。
5. 考查形容词，修饰名词place需用形容词，live的形容词形式为living（意为“适于居住的”），故填living。
6. 考查非谓语动词，固定搭配“lead to sb/sth doing sth”（导致某物做某事），故填staying。
7. 考查被动语态，“be called”表示“被称为”，此处为一般现在时被动结构，故填called。
8. 考查形容词，修饰名词place需用形容词，wonder的形容词形式为wonderful（意为“极好的”），故填wonderful。
9. 考查名词复数，“a great number of”后接可数名词复数，travel的名词“旅行者”为traveller，复数为travellers，故填travellers。
10. 考查连词，此处为条件状语从句，意为“如果人类关心并学会与野生动物和平共处”，故填if。
【答案】
1.for 2.to protect 3.helping 4.the 5.living 6.staying 7.called 8.wonderful 9.travellers 10.if
【知识点】
介词搭配、非谓语动词、冠词用法
【点评】
本题为英语短文填空题，聚焦基础语法与词汇运用，结合语境和固定搭配即可解题，是初中英语常见题型，能考查学生综合语言运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6

五、阅读理解。（2025·陕西·中考）
Most people agree that trees look nice. But not too many people know trees can also help us save money. Environmental scientists did some research and they learned that just one tree can save a city about 2,800 yuan over the tree's lifetime.
One way trees save money is by helping us save energy. Big trees stop the summer sun from shining directly to the buildings. Big trees block(遮挡) the winter wind. In this way, they help people to save the energy to make their homes and offices cool or warm. Saving energy means saving money!
There are other ways for trees to help a city save money. For example, when it rains, a city's sewers(下水道) fill up with water. Cities have to spend lots of money cleaning that water. But trees' leaves and roots take in rainwater before it gets to the dirty sewers. With the help of trees, there is less water to clean and money is saved.
()1. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. How to protect trees.
B. How to study trees.
C. How trees help cities save money.
D. How trees make cities look nice.
()2. The underlined word "they" refers to "".
A. city cleaners
B. environmental scientists
C. big trees
D. tall buildings
()3. To better support the topic sentence of Paragraph 3, the writer .
A. gives an example
B. asks a question
C. uses pictures
D. lists numbers

1. C 【点拨】根据“Most people agree that trees look nice. But not too many people know trees can also help us save money.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讨论树木如何通过多种方式（如节约能源、吸收雨水）帮助城市节省开支。故选 C。
2. C 【点拨】根据“Big trees stop the summer sun from shining directly to the buildings. Big trees block(遮挡) the winter wind. In this way, they help people to save the energy to make their homes and offices cool or warm.”可知，此处的“they”指代前文提到的“big trees”，因为大树通过遮挡阳光和寒风帮助人们节约能源。故选 C。
3. A 【点拨】根据“For example, when it rains, a city's sewers(下水道) fill up with water.”可知，作者通过举例（雨水被树叶和根系吸收）来支持段落主题句“树木还有其他方式帮助城市节省金钱”。故选 A。

【分析】
首先通读全文，首段提出“树木能帮助城市省钱”的核心观点，后文分两段具体说明省钱的两种方式。第1题是主旨大意题，需抓取文章核心内容；第2题是代词指代题，需遵循就近原则找前文对应的名词；第3题是段落结构题，需分析段落的论证方法。
【解析】
1. 主旨大意题：文章首段点明核心句“trees can also help us save money”，第二段阐述大树通过节能省钱，第三段阐述大树通过吸收雨水减少下水道清理费用省钱，全文围绕“树木如何帮助城市省钱”展开，故选C。
2. 代词指代题：定位到“they”所在句，前一句主语是“Big trees”，结合语境大树遮挡夏季阳光、阻挡冬季寒风，帮助人们节约能源，因此“they”指代big trees，故选C。
3. 段落结构题：第三段主题句为“树木还有其他方式帮助城市节省金钱”，后文用“For example”引出雨水被树叶和根系吸收的具体事例支撑主题，因此作者通过举例支持主题句，故选A。
【答案】
1.C 2.C 3.A
【知识点】
阅读理解主旨大意题、代词指代题、段落论证方式分析
【点评】
本题为中考英语阅读理解常规题型，涵盖三类基础考点，需学生掌握核心信息定位、代词指代就近原则、段落结构分析的方法，难度适中，是学生应掌握的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.7