八、语法填空。(每小题1分,共10分)
What is the best season to visit the Amazon Rainforest(亚马逊雨林)? This is a common question we get from people visiting the rainforest for the 1. (one) time. The answer is any time. There is a wet season and a dry season in the rainforest. There is no time that is 2. (good) than the other. Both offer beautiful sights and amazing chances to see plant and animal life, hot weather and some 3. (rain) days.
The wet season is from December 4. May. During the time, the rainforest gets 60% of the total rainfall, so it is cool and wet. Also, because of the rain, the water in the river 5. (rise) and there is a flood in the forest. That means you can take a boat and travel through the forest. Since you are closer to the top of the trees, you will see beautiful birds, 6. (monkey) and many other animals.
The dry season is between June and November. This is the warm season, with 7. average temperature of about 28°C. However, it still gets heavy rain. A key difference is that the land comes out, 8. people can go to the forest on foot. During these months, it is much easier to find snakes and 9. (fish) is much easier too. You may not be able 10. (see) the birds in the trees, but you will see them flying in the sky.
Which season would you like to go to the rainforest?

1. first 2. better 3. rainy 4. to 5. rises
6. monkeys 7. an 8. so 9. fishing 10. to see

【分析】
做这篇语法填空首先要通读全文，明确文章介绍的是亚马逊雨林旱季和雨季的不同游览特点，再逐个分析空格：有提示词的空格优先判断所需词性、结合语法规则变形，无提示词的空格结合上下文逻辑、固定搭配判断要填的介词、冠词、连词等。首先第一空看到后面的time，结合常见搭配for the ...time，想到要把基数词one变为序数词；第二空看到标志词than，直接想到要用形容词比较级；第三空后面是名词days，需要用形容词修饰名词，把名词rain变为形容词；第四空看到前面的from，想到固定搭配from...to...；第五空主语是单数的河水，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词要变三单；第六空和前面的复数名词birds并列，monkey要变复数；第七空后面的average以元音音素开头，搭配average用不定冠词an；第八空前后是因果顺承关系，填连词so；第九空要作句子主语，动词要变为动名词形式；第十空看到前面的be able，想到固定搭配be able to do sth，填不定式即可。
【解析】
1. 考查固定短语for the first time，意为“第一次”，因此将基数词one变为序数词first。
2. 空格后有比较级标志词than，需要用形容词good的比较级better，句意为“没有哪个时段比另一个更好”。
3. 空格后是名词days，需要用形容词作定语修饰名词，将名词rain变为形容词rainy，rainy days表示“雨天”。
4. 考查固定搭配from...to...，表示“从……到……”，此处指雨季从12月持续到5月，填介词to。
5. 句子主语the water in the river是第三人称单数，全文时态为一般现在时，因此谓语动词rise要变为第三人称单数形式rises。
6. 空格和前面的复数名词birds并列，表示泛指多只猴子，因此monkey要变为复数形式monkeys。
7. 空格后average是以元音音素开头的单词，固定表达an average of意为“平均……”，因此填不定冠词an。
8. 前后两个分句是因果逻辑：陆地显露出来，所以人们可以步行进入雨林，填并列连词so。
9. 此处要作句子的主语，表示“钓鱼”这项活动，需要将动词fish变为动名词形式fishing。
10. 考查固定搭配be able to do sth.，意为“能够做某事”，因此填动词不定式to see。
【答案】
1. first 2. better 3. rainy 4. to 5. rises
6. monkeys 7. an 8. so 9. fishing 10. to see
【知识点】
词形转换，固定搭配，句法规则
【点评】
本题选取介绍亚马逊雨林游览季节的语篇，考点覆盖初中英语核心基础语法点，大部分空格都有明确的提示线索，既考查学生对序数词、比较级、名词复数、动名词等词形变换规则的掌握，也检验学生对介词、冠词、连词的用法和常见固定短语的熟悉程度，整体难度适中，适合巩固基础语法知识使用。
【难度系数】
0.7

九、句子还原。(第1~5小题每小题1.5分,第6小题2.5分,共10分)
If you want to see mountains, glaciers(冰川), and volcanoes(火山), go to Alaska. It's where you'll find all these cool, big, and powerful parts of nature. 1.

Land features
In Alaska, you'll find the United States' highest peak, along with the nation's largest glaciers. These great ice sheets(冰盖) are born as snow gently lands year after year, piling up layers(层).
2. These glaciers are not just ice; they move like very slow rivers, shaping the land. Alaska's cold but beautiful landscape shows the power of nature's slow and lasting work.
3. B
Alaska has different temperatures. Temperatures in the north of Alaska are much lower than those inside your fridge. The ground, lakes, and rivers are almost always frozen. As a result, most people live in the south of Alaska. It is warmer there. Crops grow well in the rich soil(土壤) there.
Animals
4. You might see big seals, walruses or white bears on the ice. In the streams, black or dark bears might be catching fish.
Daylight and darkness
The seasons are special here too. In summer, the sun doesn't set for many days. You might be in bed and still see the sun shining. In winter, the sun doesn't rise in some places in Alaska. These places have more than 60 days of winter darkness. You might think this would be strange, but local people don't think so. 5.
A. Population
B. Different temperatures
C. Alaska is home to lots of wildlife.
D. They are used to the dark winter days.
E. It's perfect for people who like adventures.
F. With time the weight presses the snow into ice.
6. What problem may the sun in summer in Alaska lead to?

1~5. EFBCD 6. People may find it hard to sleep at night. (言之有理即可)

【分析】
这是一篇英语阅读类的句子还原+开放问答题型，解题时首先要通读全文，梳理文章的整体结构和每个段落的核心主题，再通过上下文的逻辑衔接、指代呼应、内容匹配来逐一确定1-5空的选项：首先第1空承接前文对阿拉斯加特色自然景观的介绍，找顺承推荐属性的句子；第2空要衔接积雪成层和冰川形成的中间过程；第3空是段落小标题，要精准概括对应段落的核心内容；第4空是动物板块的总起句，要引出后文的野生动物举例；第5空要承接前文提到的当地人对极夜的态度。最后第6题结合阿拉斯加夏季极昼的特点，推导对应的实际影响即可。
【解析】
1. 空1：前文介绍阿拉斯加拥有山脉、冰川、火山等极具吸引力的特色自然景观，E选项“它非常适合热爱冒险的人”顺承上文对阿拉斯加自然特质的描述，自然引出下文对阿拉斯加各维度特点的详细介绍，逻辑完全匹配。
2. 空2：前一句说明冰盖的起源是常年降雪不断堆积形成雪层，后一句介绍冰川并非普通的冰，会像缓慢移动的河流一样塑造地貌，F选项“随着时间推移，积雪的重量将雪挤压成冰”完整承接了“积雪成层”到“形成冰川冰”的中间过程，符合冰川形成的逻辑链条。
3. 空3是对应段落的小标题，该段全部围绕阿拉斯加南北区域的巨大温度差异展开介绍，B选项“不同的温度”精准概括该段核心主题，符合小标题的定位。
4. 空4位于动物板块的段首，后文罗列了海豹、海象、北极熊等多种当地代表性野生动物，C选项“阿拉斯加是大量野生动物的栖息地”作为总起句，统领后文的动物举例，逻辑通顺。
5. 空5：前句提到阿拉斯加部分区域冬季有超过60天的极夜，外来者会觉得很奇怪但当地人并不觉得反常，D选项“他们早已习惯了黑暗的冬日”中的They精准指代前文的local people，完美承接前文内容。
6. 第6题：阿拉斯加夏季会出现极昼现象，连续多日太阳不会落下，哪怕夜间也有日照，最直接的影响就是人们在夜间也能看到阳光，很难正常入睡，表述合理即可。
【答案】
1~5. EFBCD 6. People may find it hard to sleep at night. (言之有理即可)
【知识点】
短文补全，细节理解，逻辑推理
【点评】
本题属于典型的阅读类补全短文题型，既考察学生对整篇文章行文逻辑的梳理能力，也考察学生对段落主题的归纳能力，最后一道开放题结合极昼的地理常识，引导学生结合文本内容推导实际影响，没有设置偏门考点，学生只要能抓住前后文的呼应关系就能顺利解题。
【难度系数】
0.7