15. (2024·南通改编)如图,在$\triangle ABC$中,$AB = AC = 1$,$BC=\frac{\sqrt{5}-1}{2}$,在边$AC$上截取$AD = BC$,连接$BD$.
(1)通过计算,判断$AD^{2}$与$AC\cdot CD$的大小关系;
(2)求$\angle ABD$的度数.

(1)通过计算,判断$AD^{2}$与$AC\cdot CD$的大小关系;
(2)求$\angle ABD$的度数.
答案
(1)∵BC=$\frac{\sqrt{5}-1}{2}$,AD=BC,∴AD=$\frac{\sqrt{5}-1}{2}$.∵AB=AC=1,∴CD=1-$\frac{\sqrt{5}-1}{2}$=$\frac{3 - \sqrt{5}}{2}$.∴AD²=($\frac{\sqrt{5}-1}{2}$)²=$\frac{3 - \sqrt{5}}{2}$,AC·CD = 1×$\frac{3 - \sqrt{5}}{2}$=$\frac{3 - \sqrt{5}}{2}$.∴AD²=AC·CD
(2)∵AD=BC,AD²=AC·CD,∴BC²=AC·CD,即$\frac{BC}{AC}$=$\frac{CD}{CB}$.又∵∠C=∠C,∴△BCD∽△ACB.∴$\frac{BC}{AC}$=$\frac{BD}{AB}$,∠BDC=∠ABC,∠DBC=∠A.又∵AB=AC,∴∠ABC=∠C.∴∠C=∠BDC.∴BC=BD=AD.∴∠ABD=∠A=∠DBC.设∠ABD=x,则∠A=∠DBC=x,∴∠ABC=∠ABD+∠DBC=2x.∴∠C=2x.∵在△ABC中,∠A+∠ABC+∠C=180°,∴x + 2x + 2x = 180°,解得x = 36°.∴∠ABD = 36°
(2)∵AD=BC,AD²=AC·CD,∴BC²=AC·CD,即$\frac{BC}{AC}$=$\frac{CD}{CB}$.又∵∠C=∠C,∴△BCD∽△ACB.∴$\frac{BC}{AC}$=$\frac{BD}{AB}$,∠BDC=∠ABC,∠DBC=∠A.又∵AB=AC,∴∠ABC=∠C.∴∠C=∠BDC.∴BC=BD=AD.∴∠ABD=∠A=∠DBC.设∠ABD=x,则∠A=∠DBC=x,∴∠ABC=∠ABD+∠DBC=2x.∴∠C=2x.∵在△ABC中,∠A+∠ABC+∠C=180°,∴x + 2x + 2x = 180°,解得x = 36°.∴∠ABD = 36°
16. (2024·包头)在$\square ABCD$中,$\angle ABC$为锐角,点$E$在边$AD$上,连接$BE$、$CE$,且$S_{\triangle ABE}=S_{\triangle DCE}$.
(1)如图①,若$F$是边$BC$的中点,连接$EF$,对角线$AC$分别与$BE$、$EF$相交于点$G$、$H$.
① 求证:$H$是$AC$的中点;
② 求$AG:GH:HC$.
(2)如图②,$BE$的延长线与$CD$的延长线相交于点$M$,连接$AM$,$CE$的延长线与$AM$相交于点$N$. 试探究线段$AM$与线段$AN$之间的数量关系,并证明你的结论.

(1)如图①,若$F$是边$BC$的中点,连接$EF$,对角线$AC$分别与$BE$、$EF$相交于点$G$、$H$.
① 求证:$H$是$AC$的中点;
② 求$AG:GH:HC$.
(2)如图②,$BE$的延长线与$CD$的延长线相交于点$M$,连接$AM$,$CE$的延长线与$AM$相交于点$N$. 试探究线段$AM$与线段$AN$之间的数量关系,并证明你的结论.
答案
(1)①∵四边形ABCD是平行四边形,∴AD//BC,AD=BC.∴∠EAH=∠FCH.∵S△ABE=S△DCE,∴易得AE=DE=$\frac{1}{2}$AD.∵F是BC的中点,∴CF=$\frac{1}{2}$BC.∴CF=AE.∵∠AHE=∠CHF,∴△AEH≌△CFH.∴AH=CH.∴H是AC的中点 ②∵∠EAH=∠FCH,∠AGE=∠CGB,∴△AGE∽△CGB.∴$\frac{AG}{CG}$=$\frac{AE}{CB}$,∴$\frac{AG}{CG}$=$\frac{AE}{AD}$=$\frac{1}{2}$.设AG=2a,则CG=4a,∴AC=AG+CG=6a,∴AH=CH=3a.∴GH=AH - AG=a,∴AG:GH:HC = 2a:a:3a = 2:1:3 (2)AM = 3AN 如图,过点M作MQ//BC,交CN的延长线于点Q.∵在□ABCD中,AD//CB,即ED//BC,∴△MED∽△MBC.∴$\frac{EM}{BM}$=$\frac{ED}{BC}$,∴$\frac{EM}{BM}$=$\frac{ED}{AD}$=$\frac{1}{2}$,∴EM=$\frac{1}{2}$BM = BE.∵MQ//BC,∴∠MQE=∠BCE.∵∠MEQ=∠BEC,EM=EB,∴△MQE≌△BCE.∴MQ=BC.∴MQ=AD.∵MQ//BC,AD//CB,∴MQ//AD.∴∠MQE=∠AEN.∵∠MNQ=∠ANE,∴△MQN∽△AEN.∴$\frac{MN}{AN}$=$\frac{MQ}{AE}$,∴$\frac{MN}{AN}$=$\frac{AD}{AE}$=2.∴MN = 2AN.∴AM = MN + AN = 3AN
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