四、词语运用。
A)选用方框里的单词或词组填空，其中有一个单词或词组是多余的。
act get rid of sadly difference nearly harm
We should 1 now to deal with carbon dioxide pollution. 2 all human activities produce it, and too much of it will 3 our planet. To 4 excess carbon dioxide, we can plant more trees, which naturally take in this gas. Small actions from everyone can make a big 5 in protecting our environment.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A)1. act 2. Nearly 3. harm 4. get rid of
5. difference

【分析】
首先通读短文理解大意，短文围绕处理二氧化碳污染展开，需结合语境、语法规则及固定搭配，从方框内选词填空（有一个多余词）。第1空：情态动词should后接动词原形，需填表“行动”的词；第2空：修饰all表“几乎”，位于句首需大写首字母；第3空：will后接动词原形，需填表“伤害”的词；第4空：不定式to后接动词短语，表“去除”含义；第5空：考查固定搭配，需填对应名词。同时排除多余词sadly（副词，不符合各空语法/语境）。
【解析】
1. 第1空：情态动词should后接动词原形，结合语境“采取行动处理污染”，选动词原形act；
2. 第2空：需修饰all表“几乎”，位于句首，故填副词Nearly（首字母大写）；
3. 第3空：will后接动词原形，结合语境“过多二氧化碳会伤害地球”，选动词原形harm；
4. 第4空：不定式to后接动词短语，表“去除过量二氧化碳”，选get rid of；
5. 第5空：固定搭配make a big difference意为“产生很大影响”，故填名词difference。
【答案】
1. act 2. Nearly 3. harm 4. get rid of 5. difference
【知识点】
动词的用法、副词的用法、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为基础词语运用题，考查词汇在语境中的正确使用，需掌握情态动词、副词用法及常见固定搭配，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6

B)阅读短文,在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词,或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。(2025·江苏宿迁·调研)
Hello, everyone. I'd like to share something about my summer vacation with you. My last summer vacation was full 1 pleasant memories. I went to my 2 (grandparent) farm and had a good time with them.
The average temperature during these days was high—above 30 degrees, 3 it didn't stop me from 4 (have) fun. In the morning, I would get around the farm, exploring every corner. The fresh air and beautiful scenery made me 5 (feel) so relaxed.
One day, a heavy rain 6 (sudden) came. At first, I was a bit worried, but it turned out to have 7 positive effect. After the rain, the plants in the fields grew 8 (fast), and it was a sign of a good harvest.
During my stay, I helped my grandparents with the farm work. I saw how the vegetables and fruit grew day by day. It was not only the 9 (grow) of the plants but also mine. I learnt a lot about farming and became even more independent(独立的).
When autumn arrived, we had a rich harvest. Picking fruit and vegetables made me feel the joy of labour. I am looking forward to 10 (visit) the farm again next summer vacation!
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

B)1. of 2. grandparents’ 3. but 4. having 5. feel
6. suddenly 7. a 8. faster 9. growth 10. visiting

【分析】
本题为短文填空，需结合固定搭配、语法规则及上下文语境解题。1. 考查固定短语be full of；2. 表示“祖父母的”，需用名词所有格；3. 前后为转折关系，选转折连词；4. 考查stop sb from doing sth结构，介词后接动名词；5. 考查make sb do sth，用省略to的不定式；6. 修饰动词需用副词；7. 考查固定短语have a positive effect；8. 雨后植物与之前对比，用比较级；9. the后需接名词，故用grow的名词形式；10. 考查look forward to doing sth，介词to后接动名词。
【解析】
1. 固定短语be full of意为“充满”，故填of；
2. 此处表示“祖父母的农场”，复数名词grandparents的所有格为grandparents’；
3. 前句说温度高，后句说不影响玩，为转折关系，填but；
4. stop sb from doing sth是固定结构，from为介词，后接动名词，故填having；
5. make sb do sth是固定用法，省略不定式符号to，故填feel；
6. 修饰动词came需用副词，sudden的副词形式为suddenly；
7. have a positive effect是固定短语，意为“有积极影响”，故填a；
8. 雨后植物比之前长得更快，用fast的比较级faster；
9. the后需接名词，grow的名词形式为growth，意为“生长”；
10. look forward to中to为介词，后接动名词，visit的动名词形式为visiting。
【答案】
1. of 2. grandparents’ 3. but 4. having 5. feel 6. suddenly 7. a 8. faster 9. growth 10. visiting
【知识点】
固定搭配、词形变化、语法结构
【点评】
本题围绕暑假农场经历设题，考查基础的英语语法与固定搭配，需结合语境和语法规则完成填空，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6

五、跨生物·蝴蝶阅读理解。（2025·江苏宿迁·调研）
Nature is amazing! Take a close look at the world of insects(昆虫), and you'll find many unbelievable things. Think about butterflies, for example. They have beautiful colourful wings and strong fantastic flying skills. In summer, you can see them flying freely over gardens and wild fields.
But do you know how butterflies become flying insects? It's one of the amazing wonders of nature. In the beginning, female butterflies lay a small and colourful egg on a leaf or stem(茎) of a plant.
It's hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It turns into a walking insect. This insect is called a caterpillar(幼虫). It now has legs, eyes and a large body. A new life has begun. The caterpillar can eat, walk and see, but it is still not a butterfly.
Soon, after growing big, the caterpillar makes a cover for itself. It covers itself in a protective blanket(保护层) and goes to sleep. This stage is known as the "pupa(蛹)" stage.
After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings. Shortly, the wings fill with blood, and the beautiful, colourful butterfly spreads its wings and flies away.
After a few weeks, this adult butterfly lays her eggs, and the cycle begins all over again. This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look into the woods and mountains and see what you can find next.
()1. What is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A. Butterflies are a kind of insect.
B. Butterflies are good at flying.
C. Butterflies have colourful wings.
D. Butterflies have a good sense of smell.
()2. What does the underlined word "cover" mean in Paragraph 4?
A. A thing that the caterpillar discovers to hide under.
B. A thing that the caterpillar makes to protect itself.
C. A thing that the caterpillar uses to hide its food.
D. A thing that the caterpillar finds to clean itself.
()3. What can be the best title for the text?
A. One insect, different colours
B. One insect, four lives
C. The kinds of butterflies
D. The habits of butterflies
()4. What's the structure of this passage? (Paragraph 1=①...)
A. ①/②③④⑤/⑥ B. ①②③/④⑤/⑥ C. ①②/③④/⑤⑥ D. ①②/③④⑤/⑥

1. D 【点拨】根据第一段的内容可知,D项未提及。故选D。
2. B 【点拨】根据第四段“Soon, after growing big, the caterpillar makes a cover for itself. It covers itself in a protective blanket(保护层) and goes to sleep. This stage is known as the ‘pupa(蛹)’ stage.”可知,“cover”是毛毛虫为了在蛹期保护自己而制作的东西。故选B。
3. B 【点拨】文章介绍了蝴蝶的四个生命阶段(卵、幼虫、蛹、成虫),“One insect, four lives”(一种昆虫,四种生命形态)能概括文章核心内容。故选B。
4. A 【点拨】通读全文可知,①为总起,举例说明大自然中的昆虫世界很神奇,引出下文;②③④⑤介绍了蝴蝶从卵变成蝴蝶的过程;⑥为总结,介绍了自然世界中还有很多神奇的东西。故选A。

【分析】
本题是跨生物的英语阅读理解题，共4道小题，分别考察细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、文章结构分析。解题思路如下：
1. 第1题（细节理解）：需定位第一段内容，逐一核对选项，找出未提及的选项；
2. 第2题（词义猜测）：需结合划线词所在句的上下文（尤其是后文的“protective blanket”）推断词义；
3. 第3题（主旨大意）：需梳理全文核心内容，归纳最能概括文章的标题；
4. 第4题（文章结构）：需划分段落，分析各段落的作用，确定文章结构。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段内容，提到蝴蝶是昆虫（A项）、擅长飞行（B项）、有彩色翅膀（C项），未提及嗅觉（D项），故选D；
2. 第2题：第四段提到“cover”是毛毛虫制作的“protective blanket（保护层）”，用于保护自己，故选B；
3. 第3题：文章介绍了蝴蝶从卵、幼虫、蛹到成虫的四个生命阶段，“One insect, four lives”能概括核心内容，故选B；
4. 第4题：①段总起引出昆虫世界的神奇，②-⑤段介绍蝴蝶的发育过程，⑥段总结自然的神奇，结构为①/②③④⑤/⑥，故选A。
【答案】1.D 2.B 3.B 4.A
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】本题结合生物知识，考察英语阅读的核心能力，需学生精准定位原文信息，理解词义、归纳主旨、分析结构，是初中阶段常见的阅读题型。
【难度系数】0.6