五、阅读理解。
It's easy to think "that will never happen to me", but natural disasters are becoming both more common(常见的) and serious. Millions of families face floods, tornadoes and other natural disasters every year. In Australia, for example, its wildfires from 2019 to 2020 were caused by the high temperature and a drought(干旱). They took away the lives of hundreds of people and billions of animals!
While you can't stop disasters from happening, you can stay safe during one if you know what to do.
Flood
Floods can happen very suddenly. Flood water can be deeper than it looks. It can carry you away, so stay away! Glass, snakes, and dirty things can be in flood water, so don't drink it even if you are thirsty.
Tornado
A tornado happens during some storms. If there's a tornado warning, go someplace, like a small and sturdy(结实的) bathroom, which is safe from the wind and flying things. Remember to keep away from windows or anything heavy that might fall on you.
Earthquake
You should move away from things that might fall. Get down under something that's strong if you can't rush out of the building right away. Protect your neck and head with your arms. If you're outside, go to an open space. Stay away from trees or anything that might fall over and hurt you.
Bush fire
Bush fires, also known as wildfires, are common across the world during the scorching days. It is important that you try to stay calm. Some fires can start so quickly that they threaten(威胁) homes and people within minutes, so your safest choice is always to leave early.
()1. The writer talks about Australian wildfires to show .
A. wildfires are far away from us
B. Australians are now in great danger
C. high temperature and a drought cause wildfires
D. natural disasters are becoming more and more serious
()2. What does the underlined word "scorching" mean?
A. Stormy.
B. Rainy.
C. Hot.
D. Cold.
()3. When disasters happen, what can we do to keep safe?
A. Stay away from windows when a tornado comes.
B. Drink flood water if we are thirsty when a flood happens.
C. Stop moving and wait for other people's help in a bush fire.
D. Stay under the trees after getting out of buildings in an earthquake.
()4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. Why natural disasters happen
B. How to keep safe in natural disasters
C. What natural disasters bring to humans
D. How to name different natural disasters

1. D 【点拨】根据第一段内容可知，作者通过开头和对澳大利亚野火的描述是为了强调自然灾害变得越来越普遍和严重，用来举例说明自然灾害的严重性。故选 D。
2. C 【点拨】根据“Bush fires, also known as wildfires, are common across the world during the scorching days.”可知，在炎热的日子里，林火（野火）在世界范围内很常见，所以“scorching”指的是“炎热的”。故选 C。
3. A 【点拨】根据“If there's a tornado warning, ... Remember to keep away from windows or anything heavy that might fall on you.”可知，当龙卷风来临时，要远离窗户。故选 A。
4. B 【点拨】通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了几种常见的自然灾害以及在自然灾害发生时如何保持安全。故选 B。

【分析】
做这篇阅读理解题时，需先通读全文把握主旨，再针对每道题的类型（细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意等）回到原文定位分析：第1题考查举例的作用，需结合第一段核心观点判断；第2题是词义猜测，要结合林火发生的语境推断词义；第3题是细节查找，需对应各灾害的安全措施原文；第4题考查主旨大意，需梳理全文内容确定核心。
【解析】
1. 第1题：第一段开篇点明“natural disasters are becoming both more common and serious”，随后举澳大利亚野火的例子是为了佐证这一观点，A选项（野火远离我们）与文意相反，B选项（澳大利亚人危险）不是举例目的，C选项（野火原因）是例子细节而非举例作用，故选D。
2. 第2题：根据“Bush fires...are common during the scorching days”，结合林火多发生在炎热天气的常识，可知scorching意为“炎热的”，A（暴风雨的）、B（下雨的）、D（寒冷的）均不符合，故选C。
3. 第3题：A选项对应龙卷风部分“keep away from windows”，正确；B选项与洪水部分“don't drink it”矛盾，C选项与野火部分“leave early”不符，D选项与地震部分“stay away from trees”矛盾，故选A。
4. 第4题：全文分别介绍洪水、龙卷风、地震、林火的安全应对措施，核心是“如何在自然灾害中保持安全”，A（灾害原因）、C（灾害影响）、D（灾害命名）均非主旨，故选B。
【答案】
1.D 2.C 3.A 4.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、词义猜测题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题围绕自然灾害的安全应对展开，考查学生对英语阅读中细节、词义、主旨的理解能力，需学生精准定位原文信息，结合语境分析选项，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6