2026年启东中学作业本八年级英语上册译林版8月印刷宿迁适用含听力第153页答案
一、根据句意及所给中文提示、英文解释或首字母,写出句中所缺单词。
1. My sister always feels
nervous
(紧张不安的)when she's in front of a group of people.
2. Open the window and let some fresh air in. There is too much
smoke
(烟)in the room.
3. This Labour Day holiday, my family visited Shanghai Disneyland, but the crowded people and
burning
(炽热的)heat made it a less pleasant trip.
4. Tom did something wrong again, and his mother's v
voice
rose angrily.
5. What terrible
thunder
(a loud noise you hear from the sky)and lightning! There'll be a storm.

答案

1. nervous 2. smoke 3. burning 4. voice 5. thunder

解析

【分析】
这类题需结合句子语境,根据给出的中文提示、英文解释或首字母,确定符合句意的单词,同时要注意单词的词性(如修饰系动词用形容词、修饰名词用形容词等)和形式(如不可数名词用原形)。具体解题时,先通读句子理解大意,再对应提示匹配正确单词。
【解析】
1. 句意:我妹妹在众人面前总感到紧张不安。中文提示“紧张不安的”修饰系动词feels,需用形容词,故填nervous。
2. 句意:开窗让新鲜空气进来,房间里有太多烟。中文提示“烟”为不可数名词,故填smoke。
3. 句意:劳动节去上海迪士尼,拥挤的人群和炽热的高温让旅行不开心。中文提示“炽热的”修饰名词heat,需用形容词,故填burning。
4. 句意:汤姆又做错事,他妈妈生气地提高了声音。首字母为v,结合语境“声音”对应名词voice,故填voice。
5. 句意:多么可怕的雷声和闪电!要暴风雨了。英文解释是“从天空传来的巨响”,对应名词thunder,故填thunder。
【答案】
1. nervous 2. smoke 3. burning 4. voice 5. thunder
【知识点】
单词拼写,形容词用法,名词用法
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的识记与语境运用,难度较低,学生只需掌握常见核心词汇的含义及词性,结合句子语境即可轻松作答。
【难度系数】
0.8
二、根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. I am
excited
(excite) to hear the true story.
2. I told myself
to calm
(calm) down after the earthquake.
3. The little boy
shook
(shake) the juice box happily before opening it to enjoy his drink.
4. It rained
heavily
(heavy) all night, so the streets were flooded.
5. In the car accident, only one person stayed
alive
(live). The others were all dead.

答案

1. excited 2. to calm 3. shook 4. heavily 5. alive

解析

【分析】
本题考查英语单词的正确形式运用,需结合句子结构、固定搭配、词性要求及时态等知识点解题:1. 主语为人,需用-ed形容词修饰人的感受;2. 涉及固定搭配tell sb to do sth;3. 描述过去动作需用一般过去时;4. 修饰动词需用副词;5. stay为系动词,后接形容词作表语。
【解析】
1. 主语I指人,形容人的感受用excited(exciting修饰事物),故填excited;
2. 固定搭配tell sb to do sth,此处为tell myself to do sth,故填to calm;
3. 句子描述过去发生的动作,用一般过去时,shake的过去式为shook,故填shook;
4. 修饰动词rained需用副词,heavy的副词形式是heavily,故填heavily;
5. stay是系动词,后接形容词,live对应的形容词alive表示“活着的”,故填alive。
【答案】
1. excited 2. to calm 3. shook 4. heavily 5. alive
【知识点】
形容词用法、动词不定式、一般过去式
【点评】
本题为英语基础词汇变形题,涵盖形容词、副词、动词时态、固定搭配等核心知识点,侧重考查学生对基础语法规则的掌握,难度适中,适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6
(
C
)1.(2025·江苏扬州·中考)Stress comes and goes. Sometimes you just need to
calm down
.

A.sit down
B.fall down
C.calm down
D.come down

答案

1. C 【点拨】sit down 坐下;fall down 摔倒;calm down 冷静下来;come down 下来。根据语境可知,有压力时需要静下心来。故选 C。

解析

【分析】
本题为英语动词短语辨析题,解题思路是先明确四个选项短语的含义,再结合题干“压力来临时需要做什么”的语境,选择符合逻辑的短语。
【解析】
逐个分析选项:A. sit down意为“坐下”;B. fall down意为“摔倒”;C. calm down意为“冷静下来”;D. come down意为“下来、降落”。题干语境是“压力来的时候”,此时需要冷静应对,因此选C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
动词短语辨析;语境理解
【点评】
本题考查常用动词短语的词义辨析,需结合具体语境选择恰当短语,是中考英语基础题型,侧重短语积累与语境运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.3
(
D
)2. They waited and waited, and
at last
he came back.

A.at once
B.at first
C.at least
D.at last

答案

2. D 【点拨】句意:他们等啊等,最后他回来了。at last 最后。故选 D。

解析

【分析】首先要明确每个选项对应的介词短语含义,再结合句子“他们等啊等,最后他回来了”的语境,筛选出符合“最后”语义的短语,从而确定答案。
【解析】选项A at once表示“立刻,马上”;选项B at first表示“起初,首先”;选项C at least表示“至少”;选项D at last表示“最后,终于”。句子描述等待后最终发生的结果,需要表达“最后”含义的短语,因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】介词短语词义辨析
【点评】本题考查常用介词短语的含义辨析,结合句子语境即可选出正确答案,属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.5
( )3. At the beginning of the exam, it was hard for me to calm down. I could feel my heart ______ fast.

A.shaking
B.beating
C.jumping
D.running

答案

3. B 【点拨】空处所在句句意:我能感觉到心跳得很快。beat 规律作响或运动。故选 B。

解析

【分析】首先明确句子语境:考试开始时我难以冷静,能感觉到心脏的动作,需选择表示心脏跳动的动词。先辨析各选项词义:A.shaking意为摇晃,B.beating意为(心脏等)规律跳动,C.jumping意为跳跃,D.running意为奔跑。结合语境,心脏跳动应用beat,故选B。
【解析】句子含义:考试开始时,我很难冷静下来,我能感觉到我的心脏跳得很快。本题考查动词词义辨析:A. shaking(摇晃);B. beating(心脏等规律跳动);C. jumping(跳跃);D. running(奔跑)。表示心脏跳动的常用动词为beat,因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】动词词义辨析,固定搭配
【点评】本题考查基础动词的词义辨析,需掌握beat表示“(心脏)跳动”的常用用法,结合语境即可选出正确答案,属于中等难度的词汇考查题。
【难度系数】0.6
(
C
)4. Scared by the loud noise, the rabbits ran off
in
all directions.

A.on
B.at
C.in
D.by

答案

4. C 【点拨】句意:由于被巨大的响声吓着了,兔子们向四面八方跑去。in all directions 向四面八方。故选 C。

解析

【分析】
这道题考查介词的固定搭配,解题思路是先理解句子语境,明确需要填入的介词要和directions构成表示“向四面八方”的短语,再回忆各选项介词与directions的搭配用法,选出符合语境的正确答案。
【解析】
句意:由于被巨大的响声吓着了,兔子们向四面八方跑去。“in all directions”是固定短语,意为“向四面八方”,契合句子语境。A选项on(在……上)、B选项at(在……)、D选项by(通过;被)均无法与all directions构成正确的语义搭配,因此选C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
介词搭配;固定短语
【点评】
本题考查英语基础固定介词短语的运用,属于易掌握的基础知识点,牢记搭配即可快速作答。
【难度系数】
0.3
(
C
)5. —I'm sorry that I shouted at you this morning.
—
Never mind
, but please don't get angry so often.

A.No way
B.My pleasure
C.Never mind
D.With pleasure

答案

5. C 【点拨】根据语境可知,空处是回答上句的道歉。故选 C。

解析

【分析】首先明确对话语境:一方因早上大喊大叫向另一方道歉,需要选择回应道歉的恰当表达。逐一分析各选项含义,结合语境匹配正确用语。
【解析】对话中前者表达歉意,后者需回应道歉的用语。A选项“No way”意为“没门”,不符合语境;B选项“My pleasure”用于回应感谢,意为“不客气”,不适合回应道歉;C选项“Never mind”意为“没关系”,是回应道歉的常用表达,符合语境;D选项“With pleasure”用于回应请求,意为“乐意效劳”,不符合。因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际用语
【点评】本题考查日常情景对话中道歉的回应用语,需掌握常见交际短语的用法,结合语境选择合适表达,属于基础交际类题目。
【难度系数】0.6
四、阅读短文,在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词,或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
A storm swept through two villages in New Territories, destroying(摧毁) fourteen
houses
1
(house). Seven others were so badly damaged(破坏) that their owners had to
leave
2
(leave) them, and fifteen others had broken windows or roofs(屋顶). One person was killed, several were
badly
3
(bad) hurt and taken to hospital, and a number of other people were hurt too. Over two hundred people were
homeless
4
(home) after the storm.
A farmer, Mr Tan, said that
the
5
storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. "I
was eating
6
(eat) with my wife and children when the storm came," he said. "A few minutes later, our house fell down. We tried our best
to climb
7
(climb) out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back and found him, safe but scared."
Mrs Wu said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside
at
8
once with her children. "There was no time to take anything," she said. "A few minutes later, the roof
came
9
(come) down."
Soldiers(士兵们) helped to take people to the safe place and brought them food, clothes
and
10
water.
1.
houses
2.
leave
3.
badly
4.
homeless
5.
the

6.
was eating
7.
to climb
8.
at
9.
came
10.
and

答案

1. houses 2. leave 3. badly 4. homeless 5. the 6. was eating 7. to climb 8. at 9. came 10. and

解析

【分析】这是英语短文填空题型,需结合语境、语法规则、固定搭配完成。解题思路:1. 数词fourteen后接可数名词复数,将house变houses;2. had to后接动词原形,用leave;3. 修饰动词hurt用副词,bad变badly;4. 语境表“无家可归”,be后用形容词homeless;5. 特指前文的暴风雨,用定冠词the;6. when引导过去时从句,主句用过去进行时,主语I对应was eating;7. 固定搭配try one's best to do,用to climb;8. 固定短语at once,填at;9. 过去时态,come变came;10. 并列名词用and连接。
【解析】1. 空前有基数词fourteen,修饰可数名词,故house变复数houses;2. had to后接动词原形,填leave;3. 修饰动词hurt需用副词,bad的副词是badly;4. 语境为暴风雨后两百多人无家可归,be动词后用形容词homeless;5. 特指前文提到的那场暴风雨,用定冠词the;6. when引导一般过去时的从句,主句用过去进行时,主语I,故填was eating;7. 固定搭配try one's best to do sth,故填to climb;8. 固定短语at once,符合语境;9. 全文为过去时态,come的过去式是came;10. 连接并列的food、clothes、water,用并列连词and。
【答案】1. houses 2. leave 3. badly 4. homeless 5. the 6. was eating 7. to climb 8. at 9. came 10. and
【知识点】名词用法、动词时态、固定搭配
【点评】本题为初中英语常见的短文填空题,主要考察基础语法与固定搭配,需结合上下文语境分析,难度适中,能有效检验学生的基础语言运用能力。
【难度系数】0.7