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四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整，每个单词或短语限用一次。
| decide | activity | wait in line | care | manner |
The new rules and behaviour standards(行为规范) for middle school students have come out. Middle schools are going to use a new way 1 who are the top students. The best students won't only have high marks，but also good 2 in daily life. The following are some of the new rules.
Do more at school. Good students love animals and 3 for other people. When you buy food in the dining hall，you must 4. The Bird - Loving Week is in April in many provinces of China. Is your school doing anything to celebrate it? You should join in these 5! In that way，you can learn more about animals and how to protect them.
| patient | if | you | use | in the future |
Be open to new ideas. Have you ever thought people could live on the moon? Maybe you'll find “another earth” in space 6. When your classmates talk，you should listen to them 7.
Protect 8. Has a thief ever taken money from one of your classmates? Don't let it happen to you. 9 you have to go back home late，you should let your parents know.
Use the Internet carefully. The Internet can be very 10 to your study. But some things on the Internet aren't for children，so try to look through good web pages.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
| decide | activity | wait in line | care | manner |
The new rules and behaviour standards(行为规范) for middle school students have come out. Middle schools are going to use a new way 1 who are the top students. The best students won't only have high marks，but also good 2 in daily life. The following are some of the new rules.
Do more at school. Good students love animals and 3 for other people. When you buy food in the dining hall，you must 4. The Bird - Loving Week is in April in many provinces of China. Is your school doing anything to celebrate it? You should join in these 5! In that way，you can learn more about animals and how to protect them.
| patient | if | you | use | in the future |
Be open to new ideas. Have you ever thought people could live on the moon? Maybe you'll find “another earth” in space 6. When your classmates talk，you should listen to them 7.
Protect 8. Has a thief ever taken money from one of your classmates? Don't let it happen to you. 9 you have to go back home late，you should let your parents know.
Use the Internet carefully. The Internet can be very 10 to your study. But some things on the Internet aren't for children，so try to look through good web pages.
1.
to decide
2.
manners
3.
care
4.
wait in line
5.
activities
6.
in the future
7.
patiently
8.
yourself
9.
If
10.
useful
答案
1. to decide
2. manners
3. care
4. wait in line
5. activities
6. in the future
7. patiently
8. yourself
9. If
10. useful
2. manners
3. care
4. wait in line
5. activities
6. in the future
7. patiently
8. yourself
9. If
10. useful
解析
【分析】
首先通读全文，明确本文介绍的是中学生新版行为规范中评选优等生的相关要求，先梳理所有备选词汇的词义、词性，再结合每空前后的语法结构、固定搭配和上下文语境逐一匹配词汇，同时根据语法要求对单词进行正确的形式变换，注意每个词汇/短语只能使用一次，最后代入全文通读验证逻辑是否通顺。
具体思考路径：
1. 先处理前5空：第一组备选词为decide、activity、wait in line、care、manner，第1空前有固定搭配a new way，表“做某事的方式”要用way to do sth结构，结合句意确定用decide的不定式形式；第2空表达“日常有良好举止”，manner表礼貌举止时常用复数；第3空和love并列作谓语，用固定短语care for表关心；第4空前有情态动词must，结合食堂买饭的场景，直接用原形短语wait in line；第5空前有these，后面接可数名词复数，activity要变为复数activities。
2. 再处理后5空：第二组备选词为patient、if、you、use、in the future，第6空表达未来的设想，直接用时间短语in the future；第7空修饰动词listen，要把patient变为副词形式；第8空对应自我保护的主题，把you变为反身代词yourself；第9空引导条件状语从句，句首大写用If；第10空在be动词后作表语，把use变为形容词useful。
【解析】
1. 此处考查固定搭配a way to do sth（做某事的方法），句意为“中学将采用一种新方式来决定谁是优等生”，因此填decide的不定式形式to decide。
2. 句意为“优等生不只有高分，在日常生活中也要有良好的举止”，manner表示“礼貌、举止”时常用复数形式manners，符合语境。
3. 此处和前面的love animals并列作谓语，固定短语care for意为“关心”，句意为“好学生爱护动物、关心他人”，因此填动词原形care。
4. 空前有情态动词must，后面接动词原形，结合“在食堂买饭”的场景，可知要排队等候，因此填wait in line。
5. 空前有指示代词these，后面要接可数名词复数，此处指代前文提到的爱鸟周相关的各类活动，activity的复数形式是activities。
6. 句意为“也许将来你会在太空中找到另一个‘地球’”，in the future是固定短语，意为“在将来”，符合语境。
7. 此处修饰动词listen，需要用副词作状语，patient的副词形式是patiently，意为“耐心地”，句意为“当你的同学讲话时，你应该耐心地听他们说”。
8. 本段主题是自我防护，句意为“保护你自己”，you的反身代词yourself符合语境。
9. 此处引导条件状语从句，句意为“如果你不得不晚回家，你应该让你的父母知道”，句首单词首字母大写，因此填If。
10. 此处作be动词的表语，需要用形容词，use的形容词形式useful意为“有用的”，句意为“网络对你的学习会非常有用”。
【答案】
1. to decide
2. manners
3. care
4. wait in line
5. activities
6. in the future
7. patiently
8. yourself
9. If
10. useful
【知识点】
固定短语搭配，词形转换，条件状语从句
【点评】
本题以中学生行为规范为主题，贴合学生日常校园生活，既考查了基础词汇的词义理解，也重点考察了非谓语动词、名词复数、副词修饰动词、反身代词等语法点的应用，需要学生结合上下文语境灵活变形词汇，避免死记硬背单词原形的误区。
【难度系数】
0.7
首先通读全文，明确本文介绍的是中学生新版行为规范中评选优等生的相关要求，先梳理所有备选词汇的词义、词性，再结合每空前后的语法结构、固定搭配和上下文语境逐一匹配词汇，同时根据语法要求对单词进行正确的形式变换，注意每个词汇/短语只能使用一次，最后代入全文通读验证逻辑是否通顺。
具体思考路径：
1. 先处理前5空：第一组备选词为decide、activity、wait in line、care、manner，第1空前有固定搭配a new way，表“做某事的方式”要用way to do sth结构，结合句意确定用decide的不定式形式；第2空表达“日常有良好举止”，manner表礼貌举止时常用复数；第3空和love并列作谓语，用固定短语care for表关心；第4空前有情态动词must，结合食堂买饭的场景，直接用原形短语wait in line；第5空前有these，后面接可数名词复数，activity要变为复数activities。
2. 再处理后5空：第二组备选词为patient、if、you、use、in the future，第6空表达未来的设想，直接用时间短语in the future；第7空修饰动词listen，要把patient变为副词形式；第8空对应自我保护的主题，把you变为反身代词yourself；第9空引导条件状语从句，句首大写用If；第10空在be动词后作表语，把use变为形容词useful。
【解析】
1. 此处考查固定搭配a way to do sth（做某事的方法），句意为“中学将采用一种新方式来决定谁是优等生”，因此填decide的不定式形式to decide。
2. 句意为“优等生不只有高分，在日常生活中也要有良好的举止”，manner表示“礼貌、举止”时常用复数形式manners，符合语境。
3. 此处和前面的love animals并列作谓语，固定短语care for意为“关心”，句意为“好学生爱护动物、关心他人”，因此填动词原形care。
4. 空前有情态动词must，后面接动词原形，结合“在食堂买饭”的场景，可知要排队等候，因此填wait in line。
5. 空前有指示代词these，后面要接可数名词复数，此处指代前文提到的爱鸟周相关的各类活动，activity的复数形式是activities。
6. 句意为“也许将来你会在太空中找到另一个‘地球’”，in the future是固定短语，意为“在将来”，符合语境。
7. 此处修饰动词listen，需要用副词作状语，patient的副词形式是patiently，意为“耐心地”，句意为“当你的同学讲话时，你应该耐心地听他们说”。
8. 本段主题是自我防护，句意为“保护你自己”，you的反身代词yourself符合语境。
9. 此处引导条件状语从句，句意为“如果你不得不晚回家，你应该让你的父母知道”，句首单词首字母大写，因此填If。
10. 此处作be动词的表语，需要用形容词，use的形容词形式useful意为“有用的”，句意为“网络对你的学习会非常有用”。
【答案】
1. to decide
2. manners
3. care
4. wait in line
5. activities
6. in the future
7. patiently
8. yourself
9. If
10. useful
【知识点】
固定短语搭配，词形转换，条件状语从句
【点评】
本题以中学生行为规范为主题，贴合学生日常校园生活，既考查了基础词汇的词义理解，也重点考察了非谓语动词、名词复数、副词修饰动词、反身代词等语法点的应用，需要学生结合上下文语境灵活变形词汇，避免死记硬背单词原形的误区。
【难度系数】
0.7
五、传统文化 阅读理解。
The Double Ninth Festival is a special day for elderly people in China. The festival is on the ninth day of the ninth month in the Chinese lunar calendar.
As the Chinese character for nine has the same pronunciation as the Chinese character jiu，people take the Double Ninth Festival to show their loved ones their wishes for long life.
There are many traditions for this festival. On that day，all family members get together and climb mountains for good luck and in the hope that elderly people will live much longer. They also drink chrysanthemum wine(菊花酒) and wear a plant called zhuyu to celebrate it. Both chrysanthemums and zhuyu are regarded as plants that can cure diseases.
Respecting elderly people is reflected not only on this special day but also in daily life. For example，when there are several guests at the table，the host usually introduces them from the oldest to the youngest. When a younger person is presenting something to an older person，two hands are used. And ▲.
It is a traditional virtue(美德) in China to respect elderly people. That's because the Chinese know that elderly people have more knowledge and experience that young people can learn from. So，Chinese people are proud of being old. Besides，to respect elderly people is to respect yourself tomorrow.
(
A. Things young people do in daily life.
B. Traditional ways of celebrating the festival.
C. Ways of remembering the elderly on that day.
D. Reasons why these traditions are for this festival.
(
A. young people always offer seats to the elderly
B. young volunteers always help to clean up the street
C. children sometimes talk back to their grandparents
D. grandparents usually cook for the kids in the family
(
A. To respect yourself.
B. To be proud of being old.
C. To learn from the elderly.
D. To respect elderly people.
The Double Ninth Festival is a special day for elderly people in China. The festival is on the ninth day of the ninth month in the Chinese lunar calendar.
As the Chinese character for nine has the same pronunciation as the Chinese character jiu，people take the Double Ninth Festival to show their loved ones their wishes for long life.
There are many traditions for this festival. On that day，all family members get together and climb mountains for good luck and in the hope that elderly people will live much longer. They also drink chrysanthemum wine(菊花酒) and wear a plant called zhuyu to celebrate it. Both chrysanthemums and zhuyu are regarded as plants that can cure diseases.
Respecting elderly people is reflected not only on this special day but also in daily life. For example，when there are several guests at the table，the host usually introduces them from the oldest to the youngest. When a younger person is presenting something to an older person，two hands are used. And ▲.
It is a traditional virtue(美德) in China to respect elderly people. That's because the Chinese know that elderly people have more knowledge and experience that young people can learn from. So，Chinese people are proud of being old. Besides，to respect elderly people is to respect yourself tomorrow.
(
B
)1. What is Paragraph 3 about?A. Things young people do in daily life.
B. Traditional ways of celebrating the festival.
C. Ways of remembering the elderly on that day.
D. Reasons why these traditions are for this festival.
(
A
)2. The best sentence for “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4 is “young people always offer seats to the elderly
”.A. young people always offer seats to the elderly
B. young volunteers always help to clean up the street
C. children sometimes talk back to their grandparents
D. grandparents usually cook for the kids in the family
(
D
)3. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 5 refer to?A. To respect yourself.
B. To be proud of being old.
C. To learn from the elderly.
D. To respect elderly people.
答案
1. B 【点拨】根据第三段内容可知，此段主要介绍了重阳节有许多传统庆祝方式，包括爬山、喝菊花酒、戴茱萸等。故选B。
2. A 【点拨】根据“Respecting elderly people is reflected not only on this special day but also in daily life.”可知，尊重老年人不仅在这个特殊的日子里表现出来，也体现在日常生活中。故选A。
3. D 【点拨】根据“It is a traditional virtue(美德) in China to respect elderly people.”可知，在中国尊重老人是传统美德，It在句中指的是to respect elderly people。故选D。
2. A 【点拨】根据“Respecting elderly people is reflected not only on this special day but also in daily life.”可知，尊重老年人不仅在这个特殊的日子里表现出来，也体现在日常生活中。故选A。
3. D 【点拨】根据“It is a traditional virtue(美德) in China to respect elderly people.”可知，在中国尊重老人是传统美德，It在句中指的是to respect elderly people。故选D。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇结合中国传统文化的阅读理解题，解题时可以按题型逐个突破：
1. 第1题是段落大意题，首先直接定位题干指定的第3段，优先看段落总起句，再梳理后续内容的核心，匹配对应选项即可排除错误项得到答案；
2. 第2题是上下文逻辑补全题，先找到空缺所在段落的主旨句，明确段落要表达的核心是“尊老体现在日常生活的细节中”，再筛选符合该主旨的选项，排除无关、相悖的选项；
3. 第3题是代词指代题，找到划线词所在的完整句子，结合it作形式主语的常见语法用法，找到句子真正的指代对象即可。
【解析】
1. 定位文章第3段，该段首句点明“这个节日有很多传统”，后续依次介绍了重阳节全家团聚登高祈福、饮菊花酒、佩戴茱萸等各类节日庆祝活动：
选项A：内容和节日传统无关，不符合段落核心，排除；
选项C：段落没有提及“纪念老人”的相关内容，排除；
选项D：段落没有解释这些传统的由来原因，排除；
因此本题选B。
2. 空缺位于第4段，该段主旨句为“尊老不仅体现在重阳节这个特殊的日子，也体现在日常生活中”，前文已经列举了宴席按长幼顺序介绍客人、向长辈递物品用双手的日常尊老案例，空缺处需要补充同类符合日常尊老行为的内容：
选项B：帮着打扫街道和尊老主题无关，排除；
选项C：和祖父母顶嘴是不尊重长辈的行为，和段落主旨相悖，排除；
选项D：祖父母给家中孩子做饭不属于体现尊老的行为，排除；
选项A“年轻人主动给老人让座”是典型的日常尊老行为，符合语境，因此本题选A。
3. 划线词It位于第5段首句，该句结构为it作形式主语，将真正的主语后置避免句子头重脚轻，句意为“在中国，尊老这一行为是传统美德”，因此It指代的就是“尊重老年人”，对应选项D。
【答案】
1. B 2. A 3. D
【知识点】
阅读理解段落大意，阅读理解代词指代，阅读理解逻辑补全
【点评】
本题选取重阳节相关的传统文化语篇，既考察了英语阅读理解三类基础题型的解题能力，也渗透了中国尊老敬老的传统美德文化，题目设置的定位线索清晰，只要学生能准确定位原文、结合上下文逻辑判断就可以顺利选出答案。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇结合中国传统文化的阅读理解题，解题时可以按题型逐个突破：
1. 第1题是段落大意题，首先直接定位题干指定的第3段，优先看段落总起句，再梳理后续内容的核心，匹配对应选项即可排除错误项得到答案；
2. 第2题是上下文逻辑补全题，先找到空缺所在段落的主旨句，明确段落要表达的核心是“尊老体现在日常生活的细节中”，再筛选符合该主旨的选项，排除无关、相悖的选项；
3. 第3题是代词指代题，找到划线词所在的完整句子，结合it作形式主语的常见语法用法，找到句子真正的指代对象即可。
【解析】
1. 定位文章第3段，该段首句点明“这个节日有很多传统”，后续依次介绍了重阳节全家团聚登高祈福、饮菊花酒、佩戴茱萸等各类节日庆祝活动：
选项A：内容和节日传统无关，不符合段落核心，排除；
选项C：段落没有提及“纪念老人”的相关内容，排除；
选项D：段落没有解释这些传统的由来原因，排除；
因此本题选B。
2. 空缺位于第4段，该段主旨句为“尊老不仅体现在重阳节这个特殊的日子，也体现在日常生活中”，前文已经列举了宴席按长幼顺序介绍客人、向长辈递物品用双手的日常尊老案例，空缺处需要补充同类符合日常尊老行为的内容：
选项B：帮着打扫街道和尊老主题无关，排除；
选项C：和祖父母顶嘴是不尊重长辈的行为，和段落主旨相悖，排除；
选项D：祖父母给家中孩子做饭不属于体现尊老的行为，排除；
选项A“年轻人主动给老人让座”是典型的日常尊老行为，符合语境，因此本题选A。
3. 划线词It位于第5段首句，该句结构为it作形式主语，将真正的主语后置避免句子头重脚轻，句意为“在中国，尊老这一行为是传统美德”，因此It指代的就是“尊重老年人”，对应选项D。
【答案】
1. B 2. A 3. D
【知识点】
阅读理解段落大意，阅读理解代词指代，阅读理解逻辑补全
【点评】
本题选取重阳节相关的传统文化语篇，既考察了英语阅读理解三类基础题型的解题能力，也渗透了中国尊老敬老的传统美德文化，题目设置的定位线索清晰，只要学生能准确定位原文、结合上下文逻辑判断就可以顺利选出答案。
【难度系数】
0.7
