15. (★★)如图,在 $ \Box A B C D $中,AC=AD,AE $ \bot $ BC,DF $ \bot $ AC,垂足分别为E,F.求证: AE=DF.

答案
15. $\because$ 四边形ABCD是平行四边形,
$\therefore AB=DC,∠B=∠ADC.$
$\because AE⊥BC,DF⊥AC,$
$\therefore ∠AEB=∠DFC=90°.$
$\because AC=AD,$
$\therefore ∠DCF=∠ADC.$
$\therefore ∠B=∠DCF.$
在$△ABE$和$△DCF$中,
$\{\begin{array}{l}∠B=∠DCF,\\∠AEB=∠DFC,\\AB=DC,\end{array} $
$\therefore △ABE≌ △DCF(AAS).$
$\therefore AE=DF.$
$\therefore AB=DC,∠B=∠ADC.$
$\because AE⊥BC,DF⊥AC,$
$\therefore ∠AEB=∠DFC=90°.$
$\because AC=AD,$
$\therefore ∠DCF=∠ADC.$
$\therefore ∠B=∠DCF.$
在$△ABE$和$△DCF$中,
$\{\begin{array}{l}∠B=∠DCF,\\∠AEB=∠DFC,\\AB=DC,\end{array} $
$\therefore △ABE≌ △DCF(AAS).$
$\therefore AE=DF.$
16. (★★★)【新定义】如果一个平行四边形一条对角线的长恰好等于另一条对角线长的3倍,那么称这个平行四边形为“倍线平行四边形”.
【数学思考】如图 $ \textcircled{1} $ ,在 $ \Box ABCD $中,若 $ AB=BC=2\sqrt{10},AC=4 $ ,试判断 $ \Box ABCD $是否为 “倍线平行四边形”,并说明理由.
【深入探究】如图 $ \textcircled{2} $ $ \Box ABCD $为“倍线平行四边形”(BD>AC),E是BC上的动点,连接 AE交BD于点F.若E是BC的中点,AC $ \bot $ AB $ A B=2 \sqrt{2} $ ,求AE的长.(注: $ A E=\frac{1}{2} B C $)

【数学思考】如图 $ \textcircled{1} $ ,在 $ \Box ABCD $中,若 $ AB=BC=2\sqrt{10},AC=4 $ ,试判断 $ \Box ABCD $是否为 “倍线平行四边形”,并说明理由.
【深入探究】如图 $ \textcircled{2} $ $ \Box ABCD $为“倍线平行四边形”(BD>AC),E是BC上的动点,连接 AE交BD于点F.若E是BC的中点,AC $ \bot $ AB $ A B=2 \sqrt{2} $ ,求AE的长.(注: $ A E=\frac{1}{2} B C $)
答案
16.【数学思考】
$□ABCD$是“倍线平行四边形”.理由如下:
$\because$ 四边形ABCD是平行四边形,
$\therefore OA=OC=\frac{1}{2}AC=\frac{1}{2}×4=2,BD=2OB.$
$\because AB=BC=2\sqrt{10},$
$\therefore OB⊥AC.$
$\therefore ∠AOB=90°.$
$\therefore OB=\sqrt{AB^{2}-AO^{2}}=6.$
$\therefore BD=12.$
$\because AC=4,$
$\therefore BD=3AC.$
$\therefore □ABCD$是“倍线平行四边形”.
【深入探究】
$\because □ABCD$是“倍线平行四边形”,
$\therefore BD=3AC,OB=\frac{1}{2}BD,OA=\frac{1}{2}AC.$
$\therefore OB=3OA.$
$\because AC⊥AB,$
$\therefore ∠BAO=90°.$
$\therefore OB^{2}-OA^{2}=AB^{2}.$
$\therefore 9OA^{2}-OA^{2}=(2\sqrt{2})^{2}.$
$\therefore OA=1$(舍去负值).
$\therefore AC=2.$
$\therefore BC=\sqrt{AB^{2}+AC^{2}}=2\sqrt{3}.$
$\because E$是BC的中点,$∠BAC=90°,$
$\therefore AE=\frac{1}{2}BC=\sqrt{3}.$
$□ABCD$是“倍线平行四边形”.理由如下:
$\because$ 四边形ABCD是平行四边形,
$\therefore OA=OC=\frac{1}{2}AC=\frac{1}{2}×4=2,BD=2OB.$
$\because AB=BC=2\sqrt{10},$
$\therefore OB⊥AC.$
$\therefore ∠AOB=90°.$
$\therefore OB=\sqrt{AB^{2}-AO^{2}}=6.$
$\therefore BD=12.$
$\because AC=4,$
$\therefore BD=3AC.$
$\therefore □ABCD$是“倍线平行四边形”.
【深入探究】
$\because □ABCD$是“倍线平行四边形”,
$\therefore BD=3AC,OB=\frac{1}{2}BD,OA=\frac{1}{2}AC.$
$\therefore OB=3OA.$
$\because AC⊥AB,$
$\therefore ∠BAO=90°.$
$\therefore OB^{2}-OA^{2}=AB^{2}.$
$\therefore 9OA^{2}-OA^{2}=(2\sqrt{2})^{2}.$
$\therefore OA=1$(舍去负值).
$\therefore AC=2.$
$\therefore BC=\sqrt{AB^{2}+AC^{2}}=2\sqrt{3}.$
$\because E$是BC的中点,$∠BAC=90°,$
$\therefore AE=\frac{1}{2}BC=\sqrt{3}.$
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