四、根据首字母提示完成短文。
Marco and Kim left the school and walked towards home.

“I wish we could play basketball at our neighbourhood 1. p,” said Kim.
“But the basketball hoop at the park is broken,” said Marco. “It hasn’t been 2. f yet.”
Marco and Kim walked past the town’s recycling station. 3. W Marco saw many recyclable plastic, paper and metal objects, he thought of an idea—maybe they could 4. r something to make a basketball hoop. As he looked around the station, an old plastic laundry basket(洗衣篮)caught his 5. e. “We can use this,” he held it up and said to Kim.
Kim doubted, “It looks 6. u.”
Marco smiled and said, “It won’t look so bad. I could make a fine hoop with it.”
At home, Marco made a post and a backboard with some waste 7. w. Then he cut off the bottom of the basket, stuck the basket to the backboard, and the backboard to the post. After that, he went to the park, dug a 8. h, and put the post in the ground.
The next day, Kim saw the recycled hoop. He tried and scored a goal. He said 9. e, “I was wrong. It is a lot better than I thought.”
“When we reuse things, we make 10. w useful again.”
“Wonderful! Now we can play basketball whenever we want!” Kim shouted and scored another goal.

四、1. park 2. fixed 3. When 4. reuse 5. eye
6. useless 7. wood 8. hole 9. excitedly 10. waste

【分析】
这是语境类首字母填空题型，解题时首先通读整篇短文，梳理清楚故事主线：两个孩子发现公园的篮球篮筐坏了，利用回收废旧物品自制篮球架的故事。之后逐个空结合前后文的线索、给出的首字母提示、固定搭配和语法规则推导答案，全部推导完成后还要代入全文通读检查，确保语义通顺、语法正确。比如后文多次出现park的提示就能对应第一空，看到被动语态结构就能想到第二空要用动词过去分词，遇到固定搭配catch one's eye可以直接对应第五空的答案，同时还要注意部分空需要根据词性要求转换词形，比如修饰动词的位置要使用副词形式。
【解析】
1. 后文多次出现"at the park"的提示，结合首字母p，可知两人想在社区公园打篮球，填park。
2. 前文说明篮筐已经坏了，本句是现在完成时的被动语态，表示“还没有被修好”，fix的过去分词形式为fixed，填fixed。
3. 本句是时间状语从句，表达“当Marco看到很多可回收的塑料、纸和金属物品的时候，他想到了一个主意”，首字母为W，填When。
4. 结合后文"When we reuse things"的提示，首字母为r，情态动词could后接动词原形，表达他们可以重复利用物品制作篮筐，填reuse。
5. 固定搭配catch one's eye表示“吸引某人的注意”，符合旧洗衣篮引起他注意的语境，首字母为e，填eye。
6. 前文Kim表示怀疑，后文Marco说它不会看起来那么差，可知Kim一开始觉得这个洗衣篮没有用处，首字母为u，填useless。
7. 结合生活常识，制作篮球架的立柱和篮板可以使用废弃的木料，首字母为w，填wood。
8. 语境是要把立柱埋进土里，需要先挖一个坑洞，首字母为h，填hole。
9. 本空修饰动词said，需要使用副词，Kim投进球之后情绪很兴奋，首字母为e，填excitedly。
10. 本句表达“当我们重复利用物品的时候，我们让废品再次变得有用”，首字母为w，填waste。
【答案】
1. park 2. fixed 3. When 4. reuse 5. eye
6. useless 7. wood 8. hole 9. excitedly 10. waste
【知识点】
首字母短文填空，固定短语搭配，词性转换
【点评】
本题结合生活化的趣味故事考察词汇运用，大部分空都有前后文的线索提示，既考察学生对语篇整体的理解能力，也考察基础词汇和基础语法的掌握，难度适中，做完代入全文通读验证可以有效避免出错。
【难度系数】
0.7

五、完形填空。
We can’t remember clearly when exactly we started to bring our mobiles to a dinner table. This happens a lot, especially 1 we go out to have dinner. Once a dish comes, instead of lifting our chopsticks, we take out our 2 and click. Later, we post the photos onto the internet, waiting to be “liked”. Then we check our mobiles from time to time during the meal to see 3 we get “liked” or not. We just cannot leave our mobiles for only a meal.
Does that sound 4 to you? Do you often do that? If not, how do you 5 when others do that when having dinner with you?
A recent study suggests that what we are 6 to doing is not so good. Spending time taking photos of 7 makes the food less pleasant. To test this, some researchers did an experiment. Some people were asked to take photos before they could enjoy food. As a result, it showed that the more photos they 8, the less delicious the food seemed to them. So, why not stop taking photos and just enjoy the food in front of you?
Besides the scientific result, there are also some other 9 influences of taking photos of food before meals. After 10 the photos onto the internet, one will not be able to control himself and check his mobile many times. “Does everyone like my photos? I hope a lot of people like 11!” It seems that your mobile secretly calls your name all the time, even when you are 12 real people.
So, next time you 13 with your family or friends, how about not taking photos of food? Let the food be delicious as it is, and 14 your life with people around you. Trust me, it will be a 15 time.
1. A. when
B. until
C. since
D. because
2. A. books
B. mobiles
C. cameras
D. watches
3. A. where
B. how
C. what
D. whether
4. A. new
B. similar
C. kind
D. lucky
5. A. do
B. hope
C. feel
D. say
6. A. allowed
B. used
C. supposed
D. expected
7. A. friends
B. family
C. food
D. people
8. A. took
B. take
C. have taken
D. are taking
9. A. bad
B. good
C. small
D. large
10. A. taking
B. posting
C. throwing
D. giving
11. A. them
B. it
C. me
D. us
12. A. through
B. to
C. from
D. with
13. A. eat out
B. set out
C. come up
D. have fun
14. A. treat
B. avoid
C. talk
D. share
15. A. busy
B. hard
C. wonderful
D. safe

五、1. A 句意：这经常发生，尤其在我们外出吃饭时。
2. B 句意：一上菜，我们就拿出手机点击（拍照），而不是拿起筷子。
3. D 根据句意可知，我们将照片发布到网上，等待被“点赞”。然后，在用餐期间不时地检查手机是为了看看是否被“点赞”。
4. B 根据“Do you often do that?”可推知，此处表达“那听起来和你相似吗?”。
5. C 句意：如果不是的话，当别人和你一起吃饭那样做时你感觉怎么样?
6. B 句意：最近的一项研究表明，我们习惯于做的事情并不那么好。be allowed to do 被允许做；be used to doing 习惯于做；be supposed to do 应该做；be expected to do 被期待做。由空后 to doing 及句意理解可知答案。
7. C 句意：花时间拍摄食物的照片让食物变得不那么吸引人。
8. A 结果表明，他们拍的照片越多，他们就越觉得食物不美味。根据下文中 seemed 可知，时态为一般过去时，故选 took。
9. A 根据第四段内容可知，下文介绍了饭前拍照的其他不好的影响。
10. B 照片上传到网上后，一个人将无法控制自己，并多次查看手机。
11. A 根据“Does everyone like my photos?”可推知，空处指代 photos，故选 them。
12. D 句意：似乎你的手机一直在偷偷叫你的名字，即使你和真实的人在一起。
13. A 根据上文中“This happens a lot, especially when we go out to have dinner.”可知，此处表示的是下次和家人或朋友外出吃饭时不拍食物的照片。
14. D 由 Let the food be delicious as it is 可推知，此处表达的是与周围的人分享生活。“share...with...”意为“和……一起分享……”。
15. C 句意：相信我，这将是一段美好的时光。

【分析】
做完形填空首先要通读全文，把握文章核心主旨：本文围绕当下聚餐时大家先给食物拍照发社交平台等点赞的普遍现象展开，介绍了饭前拍照的诸多负面影响，呼吁大家放下手机，和身边的亲友共享美食与生活。解题时先结合上下文的线索提示逐一排除不符合语境的选项，同时结合固定搭配、语法规则验证答案：比如遇到带to doing的结构优先联想be used to doing的固定搭配，遇到or not的提示直接锁定whether引导的宾语从句，遇到代词指代题就往前找对应的指代对象，结合前后文的原词复现（比如前文多次出现go out to have dinner，对应后文的eat out）快速确定答案，最后把所有答案代入全文通读验证逻辑通顺即可。
【解析】
1. 考查时间状语从句引导词。句意为“这种情况经常发生，尤其是我们外出吃饭的时候”，when表示“当……时候”，until直到、since自从、because因为均不符合语境，选A。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。前文提到我们把手机带到餐桌上，后文说点击拍照发上网，所以这里是拿出手机，books书、cameras相机、watches手表均不符合上下文逻辑，选B。
3. 考查宾语从句引导词。后文出现or not，构成whether...or not的固定结构，句意为“时不时查看手机看我们是否得到了点赞”，where哪里、how如何、what什么均不符合，选D。
4. 考查形容词词义辨析。后文问“你经常这么做吗？”，说明此处是问“这种情况对你来说听起来是不是很相似”，new新的、kind友善的、lucky幸运的均不符合句意，选B。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意为“如果你没有这样做，当别人和你一起吃饭时这么做，你会有什么感受？”，do做、hope希望、say说均不符合语境，选C。
6. 考查固定搭配。空后是to doing，be used to doing是固定搭配意为“习惯于做某事”，be allowed to do、be supposed to do、be expected to do后面都接to do，不符合结构，选B。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。全文都在讲给食物拍照的现象，句意为“花时间给食物拍照会让食物吃起来没那么愉悦”，friends朋友、family家人、people人均不符合主题，选C。
8. 考查动词时态。后文的seemed是一般过去时，时态保持一致，所以拍照的动作也用一般过去时took，选A。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析。后文介绍的都是饭前拍照的负面影响，所以此处是说还有其他不好的影响，good好的、small小的、large大的均不符合，选A。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。前文多次提到把照片发到网上，post the photos onto the internet是固定表达“把照片上传到网上”，take带走、throw扔、give给均不符合，选B。
11. 考查代词指代。前文的my photos是复数名词，所以用复数代词them指代，it指代单数、me我、us我们均不符合，选A。
12. 考查介词词义辨析。句意为“即使你正和真实的人待在一起”，with表示“和……一起”，through通过、to到、from来自均不符合句意，选D。
13. 考查动词短语辨析。前文提到外出吃饭的场景，eat out外出就餐，set out出发、come up走近、have fun玩得开心均不符合对应语境，选A。
14. 考查固定搭配。share sth with sb是固定搭配“和某人分享某物”，句意为“和你身边的人分享生活”，treat对待、avoid避免、talk交谈均不符合，选D。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。作者呼吁大家放下手机和亲友相伴，这会是一段非常美好的时光，busy忙碌的、hard艰难的、safe安全的均不符合语境，选C。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.A 10.B 11.A 12.D 13.A 14.D 15.C
【知识点】
固定短语辨析、语境逻辑推理、代词用法
【点评】
本篇完形填空选取贴近学生日常生活的“聚餐拍照发社交平台”的热点话题，兼具知识性和思想引导性，考点覆盖初中阶段核心的状语从句引导词、动词短语、时态、代词指代等知识点，大部分题目都能通过上下文原词复现和语境线索直接推导得出，难度梯度平缓，既考察学生的词汇基础，也能引导学生反思“低头族”的不良习惯，学会珍惜和身边人相处的时光。
【难度系数】
0.8