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三、缺词填空
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在短文下方的横线处填入适当的词使短文完整。(每空一词)
An officer in Shanghai recently replied to a letter from volunteers in a community. They helped with garbage sorting(垃圾分类). In his reply, he said he was happy to know that after recent years of publicity(推广), the work of garbage sorting in the volunteers' community was very s 1. He also hopes more people can d 2 the habit of sorting garbage.
Since 2019, more than 22,000 garbage stations have been upgraded(升级) in Shanghai. A h 3 change has taken place in the city in recent years. People once r 4 garbage sorting, but now they are actively joining in the activity. The community also makes use of technology in garbage sorting. There are special recycling machines beside the garbage cans. People put in old clothes they don't want. This can help those who can't a 5 clothes in some poor areas.
Sorting garbage is a way to make the community a b 6 place. Also, people can get points on Alipay if they m 7 to put the garbage into the right bins. The points can be exchanged for gifts on Tmall," said a volunteer. He said many people changed their minds after this kind of "persuasion(劝说)".
16-year-old volunteer Yu Yue has made posters and written articles about garbage sorting. "My classmates and I e 8 made an animation(动画) to help people understand. After watching them, they have known how important garbage sorting is to the e 9." Yu said. In the future, the community will hold more events and work c 10 with local schools. The whole country is going to implement garbage sorting by the end of 2025.
1.
6.
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在短文下方的横线处填入适当的词使短文完整。(每空一词)
An officer in Shanghai recently replied to a letter from volunteers in a community. They helped with garbage sorting(垃圾分类). In his reply, he said he was happy to know that after recent years of publicity(推广), the work of garbage sorting in the volunteers' community was very s 1. He also hopes more people can d 2 the habit of sorting garbage.
Since 2019, more than 22,000 garbage stations have been upgraded(升级) in Shanghai. A h 3 change has taken place in the city in recent years. People once r 4 garbage sorting, but now they are actively joining in the activity. The community also makes use of technology in garbage sorting. There are special recycling machines beside the garbage cans. People put in old clothes they don't want. This can help those who can't a 5 clothes in some poor areas.
Sorting garbage is a way to make the community a b 6 place. Also, people can get points on Alipay if they m 7 to put the garbage into the right bins. The points can be exchanged for gifts on Tmall," said a volunteer. He said many people changed their minds after this kind of "persuasion(劝说)".
16-year-old volunteer Yu Yue has made posters and written articles about garbage sorting. "My classmates and I e 8 made an animation(动画) to help people understand. After watching them, they have known how important garbage sorting is to the e 9." Yu said. In the future, the community will hold more events and work c 10 with local schools. The whole country is going to implement garbage sorting by the end of 2025.
1.
successful
2. develop
3. huge
4. refused
5. afford
6.
better
7. manage
8. even
9. environment
10. closely
答案
1. successful 2. develop 3. huge 4. refused 5. afford
6. better 7. manage 8. even 9. environment 10. closely
6. better 7. manage 8. even 9. environment 10. closely
解析
【分析】
这是一篇主题为上海垃圾分类的说明文类首字母缺词填空，解题时首先通读全文，明确文章核心是介绍上海推行垃圾分类以来取得的显著成效、相关配套举措以及后续推广计划。接下来逐个推导空格：先结合上下文的语义逻辑，锁定空格所需单词的大致含义，再匹配给出的首字母提示，同时验证单词的词性、时态、固定搭配是否符合语法规则，最后代入全文通读检查整体逻辑是否通顺。
【解析】
1. 前文提到经过多年的宣传推广，结合本文“垃圾分类效果显著”的主题，首字母为s，此处表达社区垃圾分类工作推进得十分成功，填形容词successful。
2. 此处表达“养成垃圾分类的习惯”，是固定搭配develop the habit of，首字母为d，符合语境，填develop。
3. 前文提到上海已经升级了两万多个垃圾站点，说明城市近些年发生了巨大的变化，首字母为h，填形容词huge。
4. 后文提到现在人们主动参与垃圾分类，和过去的状态形成转折，说明过去人们是抵触、拒绝垃圾分类的，描述过去的状态用一般过去时，首字母为r，填refused。
5. 前文提到回收旧衣物，目的是帮扶贫困地区的群体，也就是负担不起新衣服的人，固定搭配can't afford表示负担不起，首字母为a，填afford。
6. 垃圾分类的作用是让社区成为更美好的地方，暗含和之前环境的对比，首字母为b，填形容词比较级better。
7. 固定搭配manage to do sth. 表示设法成功做成某事，此处指人们成功把垃圾投入正确的分类箱就能获得支付宝积分，首字母为m，填manage。
8. 前文提到志愿者制作海报、撰写垃圾分类相关文章，此处递进说明甚至还制作了动画来帮助居民理解分类规则，首字母为e，填副词even。
9. 垃圾分类的核心意义就是对生态环境有正向作用，首字母为e，填名词environment。
10. 此处表达社区未来会和当地学校紧密合作，修饰动词work需要用副词，首字母为c，填closely。
【答案】
1. successful 2. develop 3. huge 4. refused 5. afford
6. better 7. manage 8. even 9. environment 10. closely
【知识点】
首字母填空，固定搭配，语境推断
【点评】
本题结合垃圾分类的社会热点命题，既考察学生对初中核心词汇的掌握程度，也要求学生具备梳理上下文逻辑关系的能力，部分空格需要注意词性变化、时态变化，避免出现形式误用的错误。
【难度系数】
0.5
这是一篇主题为上海垃圾分类的说明文类首字母缺词填空，解题时首先通读全文，明确文章核心是介绍上海推行垃圾分类以来取得的显著成效、相关配套举措以及后续推广计划。接下来逐个推导空格：先结合上下文的语义逻辑，锁定空格所需单词的大致含义，再匹配给出的首字母提示，同时验证单词的词性、时态、固定搭配是否符合语法规则，最后代入全文通读检查整体逻辑是否通顺。
【解析】
1. 前文提到经过多年的宣传推广，结合本文“垃圾分类效果显著”的主题，首字母为s，此处表达社区垃圾分类工作推进得十分成功，填形容词successful。
2. 此处表达“养成垃圾分类的习惯”，是固定搭配develop the habit of，首字母为d，符合语境，填develop。
3. 前文提到上海已经升级了两万多个垃圾站点，说明城市近些年发生了巨大的变化，首字母为h，填形容词huge。
4. 后文提到现在人们主动参与垃圾分类，和过去的状态形成转折，说明过去人们是抵触、拒绝垃圾分类的，描述过去的状态用一般过去时，首字母为r，填refused。
5. 前文提到回收旧衣物，目的是帮扶贫困地区的群体，也就是负担不起新衣服的人，固定搭配can't afford表示负担不起，首字母为a，填afford。
6. 垃圾分类的作用是让社区成为更美好的地方，暗含和之前环境的对比，首字母为b，填形容词比较级better。
7. 固定搭配manage to do sth. 表示设法成功做成某事，此处指人们成功把垃圾投入正确的分类箱就能获得支付宝积分，首字母为m，填manage。
8. 前文提到志愿者制作海报、撰写垃圾分类相关文章，此处递进说明甚至还制作了动画来帮助居民理解分类规则，首字母为e，填副词even。
9. 垃圾分类的核心意义就是对生态环境有正向作用，首字母为e，填名词environment。
10. 此处表达社区未来会和当地学校紧密合作，修饰动词work需要用副词，首字母为c，填closely。
【答案】
1. successful 2. develop 3. huge 4. refused 5. afford
6. better 7. manage 8. even 9. environment 10. closely
【知识点】
首字母填空，固定搭配，语境推断
【点评】
本题结合垃圾分类的社会热点命题，既考察学生对初中核心词汇的掌握程度，也要求学生具备梳理上下文逻辑关系的能力，部分空格需要注意词性变化、时态变化，避免出现形式误用的错误。
【难度系数】
0.5
