Ⅲ. 语法练习。
任务一:写出下列动词的现在分词。
1. burn燃烧
2. boil沸腾
3. lift举起
4. kiss亲吻
5. stand站立
6. clean清洁
7. sleep睡觉
8. shout喊叫
9. cry哭叫
10. save救助
11. move移动
12. leave离开
13. put放
14. run跑
15. get away离开
任务二:用括号内动词的正确形式填空。

Pompeii was a city near Mount Vesuvius. Mount Vesuvius erupted on October 24th, 79AD. And the city was lost within(在……之内) 18 hours.
Hours before the eruption, the water in the river 1. (boil) when the ground started to shake hard. While ash 2. (fall) in heavy showers, most people in Pompeii 3. (sleep). They had little time to get away from the city.
Within hours, the city was covered in ash and thousands of people lost their lives. At the last moment of their lives, a man and a woman 4. (kiss) each other. A mother 5. (lift) her baby up in the sky. A man 6. (put) his hands together to pray(祈祷) for good luck. And a soldier 7. (stand) at the gate calmly ...
Learning to think:历史记载、专家研究以及参观历史古迹,都能帮助你更深入地了解一场历史灾难。

任务一：
1. burning 2. boiling 3. lifting 4. kissing 5. standing 6. cleaning 7. sleeping
8. shouting 9. crying 10. saving 11. moving 12. leaving 13. putting 14. running
15. getting away
任务二：
1. was boiling 2. was falling 3. were sleeping 4. were kissing 5. was lifting
6. was putting 7. was standing

【分析】
本题分为两个任务，任务一考查动词现在分词的构成，需掌握三类规则：1. 一般动词直接加ing；2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e加ing；3. 重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写该辅音字母加ing；短语的现在分词直接对核心动词变形。任务二考查过去进行时，需明确其结构为“was/were + 现在分词”，主语单数用was、复数用were，结合语境（过去某时刻正在进行的动作）判断时态。
【解析】
任务一：
1. burn为一般动词，直接加ing→burning
2. boil为一般动词，直接加ing→boiling
3. lift为一般动词，直接加ing→lifting
4. kiss为一般动词，直接加ing→kissing
5. stand为一般动词，直接加ing→standing
6. clean为一般动词，直接加ing→cleaning
7. sleep为一般动词，直接加ing→sleeping
8. shout为一般动词，直接加ing→shouting
9. cry为一般动词，直接加ing→crying
10. save为一般动词，直接加ing→saving
11. move以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing→moving
12. leave以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing→leaving
13. put为重读闭音节动词，双写t加ing→putting
14. run为重读闭音节动词，双写n加ing→running
15. get away为短语，核心动词get变现在分词→getting away
任务二：
1. 主语the water（单数），结合语境“河水当时正在沸腾”，用过去进行时→was boiling
2. 主语ash（单数），结合语境“灰烬正大量落下时”，用过去进行时→was falling
3. 主语most people（复数），结合语境“大多数人正在睡觉”，用过去进行时→were sleeping
4. 主语a man and a woman（复数），结合语境“一对男女正在亲吻”，用过去进行时→were kissing
5. 主语a mother（单数），结合语境“母亲正举起孩子”，用过去进行时→was lifting
6. 主语a man（单数），结合语境“男士正双手合十祈祷”，用过去进行时→was putting
7. 主语a soldier（单数），结合语境“士兵正站在门口”，用过去进行时→was standing
【答案】
任务一：1. burning 2. boiling 3. lifting 4. kissing 5. standing 6. cleaning 7. sleeping 8. shouting 9. crying 10. saving 11. moving 12. leaving 13. putting 14. running 15. getting away
任务二：1. was boiling 2. was falling 3. were sleeping 4. were kissing 5. was lifting 6. was putting 7. was standing
【知识点】
动词现在分词的构成；过去进行时的用法
【点评】
本题为英语基础语法练习题，涵盖动词现在分词的构成规则和过去进行时的时态运用，是初中英语核心基础考点，熟练掌握相关规则即可准确作答。
【难度系数】
0.3