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Ⅰ. 将下列自然灾害名称填在相应的图片下面。
earthquake volcanic eruption wildfire rainstorm/hurricane/typhoon flood
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
earthquake volcanic eruption wildfire rainstorm/hurricane/typhoon flood
1.
earthquake
2.
rainstorm/hurricane/typhoon
3.
4.
flood
5.
wildfire
答案
1. earthquake 2. rainstorm/hurricane/typhoon 3. volcanic eruption 4. flood 5. wildfire
解析
【分析】这道题需根据每个图片展示的灾害场景，匹配对应的英文自然灾害名称。先观察各图片特征：第1幅图房屋倾斜、人们惊慌逃离，对应地震；第2幅图是海上气旋，对应暴雨/飓风/台风；第3幅图是火山喷发场景，对应火山喷发；第4幅图房屋被水淹没，对应洪水；第5幅图是森林着火，对应野火。
【解析】1. 第1幅图呈现房屋晃动倾斜、人员慌乱逃生的状态，符合地震（earthquake）的特征；2. 第2幅图是海上的气旋结构，属于暴雨、飓风或台风的典型场景；3. 第3幅图为火山喷发的画面，对应volcanic eruption；4. 第4幅图中房屋被洪水淹没，对应flood；5. 第5幅图是森林起火的场景，对应wildfire。
【答案】1. earthquake 2. rainstorm/hurricane/typhoon 3. volcanic eruption 4. flood 5. wildfire
【知识点】自然灾害英文名称、识图匹配
【点评】本题为基础的识图匹配题，考察常见自然灾害的英文表达与对应场景的认知，难度较低，适合巩固相关词汇。
【难度系数】0.8
【解析】1. 第1幅图呈现房屋晃动倾斜、人员慌乱逃生的状态，符合地震（earthquake）的特征；2. 第2幅图是海上的气旋结构，属于暴雨、飓风或台风的典型场景；3. 第3幅图为火山喷发的画面，对应volcanic eruption；4. 第4幅图中房屋被洪水淹没，对应flood；5. 第5幅图是森林起火的场景，对应wildfire。
【答案】1. earthquake 2. rainstorm/hurricane/typhoon 3. volcanic eruption 4. flood 5. wildfire
【知识点】自然灾害英文名称、识图匹配
【点评】本题为基础的识图匹配题，考察常见自然灾害的英文表达与对应场景的认知，难度较低，适合巩固相关词汇。
【难度系数】0.8
Ⅱ. 根据课本第85页课文A lost city的内容,按要求完成下列任务。
任务一:从方框中找出合适的短语完成短文。
was covered in broke out fall down move from side to side shake hard
Hi, I am Pliny the Younger. I would never forget the day I experienced the volcano eruption. The eruption 1.
任务二:根据课文内容补充句中人物的动作或灾难场景。
6. When the ground shook very hard,
7. While
8. My mother asked me to leave her behind when
9. We moved on while the cloud
10. When ash fell in heavy shower, people
归纳小结:
●以上含有when或while的句子表示:事情或动作发生的
●以上含有was/were+doing的结构表示:
●梳理以上人物动作,我发现:
任务三:根据课文内容回答问题
11. Why did they decide to leave the town the next morning?
12. What were people doing when the dark cloud turned day into night?
★13. "After a night of living between hope and fear, we had no thought of things to come." What does Pliny mean?
任务一:从方框中找出合适的短语完成短文。
was covered in broke out fall down move from side to side shake hard
Hi, I am Pliny the Younger. I would never forget the day I experienced the volcano eruption. The eruption 1.
broke out
at night near Pompeii. The ground began to 2. shake hard
. And we decided to leave by coach. Suddenly, our coach started to 3. move from side to side
on the crowded road. We noticed the sea move back, leaving lots of fish on the sand. Soon, a dark cloud from Mount Vesuvius moved down. And it turned the bright day into night. Then heavy ash started to 4. fall down
. After a while, the whole town 5. was covered in
ash, just like winter snow.任务二:根据课文内容补充句中人物的动作或灾难场景。
6. When the ground shook very hard,
I was sleeping (in my room)
.7. While
we were getting away from the town
, the sea moved back suddenly, leaving the fish on the sand.8. My mother asked me to leave her behind when
the cloud was moving down soon and covering the sea
.9. We moved on while the cloud
was spreading over the land like a flood.
.10. When ash fell in heavy shower, people
women were calling, children were crying and men were shouting
.归纳小结:
●以上含有when或while的句子表示:事情或动作发生的
时间
;●以上含有was/were+doing的结构表示:
在过去时间里正在发生的事情或进行的动作
;●梳理以上人物动作,我发现:
Although people were scared when disaster came, they would never leave their family behind
。任务三:根据课文内容回答问题
11. Why did they decide to leave the town the next morning?
Because many buildings were still shaking.
12. What were people doing when the dark cloud turned day into night?
They were trying to find their families in the dark.
★13. "After a night of living between hope and fear, we had no thought of things to come." What does Pliny mean?
When the disaster came, we were so scared but we tried to survive it with hope. And we realized how terrible a disaster could be.
We had no idea about what would happen next. We could do nothing but wait and accept it.
答案
任务一：
1. broke out 2. shake hard 3. move from side to side 4. fall down 5. was covered in
任务二：
6. I was sleeping (in my room)
7. we were getting away from the town
8. the cloud was moving down soon and covering the sea
9. the cloud was spreading over the land like a flood.
10. women were calling, children were crying and men were shouting
归纳小结：
●时间
●在过去时间里正在发生的事情或进行的动作
●Although people were scared when disaster came, they would never leave their family behind
任务三：
11. Because many buildings were still shaking.
12. They were trying to find their families in the dark.
13. When the disaster came, we were so scared but we tried to survive it with hope. And we realized how terrible a disaster could be. We had no idea about what would happen next. We could do nothing but wait and accept it.
1. broke out 2. shake hard 3. move from side to side 4. fall down 5. was covered in
任务二：
6. I was sleeping (in my room)
7. we were getting away from the town
8. the cloud was moving down soon and covering the sea
9. the cloud was spreading over the land like a flood.
10. women were calling, children were crying and men were shouting
归纳小结：
●时间
●在过去时间里正在发生的事情或进行的动作
●Although people were scared when disaster came, they would never leave their family behind
任务三：
11. Because many buildings were still shaking.
12. They were trying to find their families in the dark.
13. When the disaster came, we were so scared but we tried to survive it with hope. And we realized how terrible a disaster could be. We had no idea about what would happen next. We could do nothing but wait and accept it.
解析
【分析】本题围绕课文《A lost city》（庞贝古城相关）设置三类任务，解题思路如下：1. 任务一：先明确方框内短语的含义，再结合每个句子的语境（如火山爆发、地面震动、马车晃动、火山灰落下、城镇被覆盖等）匹配合适的短语；2. 任务二：需结合课文中人物动作与灾难场景，注意when（接短暂动作）和while（接延续动作）的时态特点，补全符合课文内容的语句；3. 任务三：从课文细节中提取对应问题的答案，第13题需结合文本语境解读作者的情感与含义。
【解析】任务一：先解析各短语含义：was covered in（被……覆盖）、broke out（爆发）、fall down（落下）、move from side to side（左右移动）、shake hard（剧烈震动）；结合语境匹配：1. 火山爆发用broke out；2. 地面剧烈震动用shake hard；3. 马车在拥挤道路左右晃动用move from side to side；4. 火山灰落下用fall down；5. 城镇被火山灰覆盖用was covered in。任务二：结合课文内容及when/while的用法（when接短暂动作，while接延续动作），补全符合课文的语句：6. 当地面剧烈震动时，我正在房间睡觉；7. 我们正逃离城镇时，海水突然退去；8. 当乌云即将降下覆盖海面时，母亲让我别管她；9. 乌云像洪水般蔓延陆地时，我们继续前行；10. 当火山灰如暴雨般落下时，人们哭喊呼喊。归纳小结：when/while表时间；was/were+doing表过去正在进行的动作；人物动作体现灾难来临时人们虽恐惧但重视家人。任务三：11. 从课文细节提取因建筑仍在摇晃决定离开；12. 乌云遮天蔽日时人们在黑暗中找家人；13. 作者表达灾难来临时的恐惧与希望，对未知无力，只能等待接受。
【答案】任务一：1. broke out 2. shake hard 3. move from side to side 4. fall down 5. was covered in；任务二：6. I was sleeping (in my room) 7. we were getting away from the town 8. the cloud was moving down soon and covering the sea 9. the cloud was spreading over the land like a flood. 10. women were calling, children were crying and men were shouting；归纳小结：●时间 ●在过去时间里正在发生的事情或进行的动作 ●Although people were scared when disaster came, they would never leave their family behind；任务三：11. Because many buildings were still shaking. 12. They were trying to find their families in the dark. 13. When the disaster came, we were so scared but we tried to survive it with hope. And we realized how terrible a disaster could be. We had no idea about what would happen next. We could do nothing but wait and accept it.
【知识点】英语课文理解、短语辨析、状语从句用法
【点评】本题是基于课文《A lost city》的综合练习题，全面考查学生对课文内容的掌握、短语运用、状语从句的理解及文本深层含义的解读，需学生熟悉课文细节，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】任务一：先解析各短语含义：was covered in（被……覆盖）、broke out（爆发）、fall down（落下）、move from side to side（左右移动）、shake hard（剧烈震动）；结合语境匹配：1. 火山爆发用broke out；2. 地面剧烈震动用shake hard；3. 马车在拥挤道路左右晃动用move from side to side；4. 火山灰落下用fall down；5. 城镇被火山灰覆盖用was covered in。任务二：结合课文内容及when/while的用法（when接短暂动作，while接延续动作），补全符合课文的语句：6. 当地面剧烈震动时，我正在房间睡觉；7. 我们正逃离城镇时，海水突然退去；8. 当乌云即将降下覆盖海面时，母亲让我别管她；9. 乌云像洪水般蔓延陆地时，我们继续前行；10. 当火山灰如暴雨般落下时，人们哭喊呼喊。归纳小结：when/while表时间；was/were+doing表过去正在进行的动作；人物动作体现灾难来临时人们虽恐惧但重视家人。任务三：11. 从课文细节提取因建筑仍在摇晃决定离开；12. 乌云遮天蔽日时人们在黑暗中找家人；13. 作者表达灾难来临时的恐惧与希望，对未知无力，只能等待接受。
【答案】任务一：1. broke out 2. shake hard 3. move from side to side 4. fall down 5. was covered in；任务二：6. I was sleeping (in my room) 7. we were getting away from the town 8. the cloud was moving down soon and covering the sea 9. the cloud was spreading over the land like a flood. 10. women were calling, children were crying and men were shouting；归纳小结：●时间 ●在过去时间里正在发生的事情或进行的动作 ●Although people were scared when disaster came, they would never leave their family behind；任务三：11. Because many buildings were still shaking. 12. They were trying to find their families in the dark. 13. When the disaster came, we were so scared but we tried to survive it with hope. And we realized how terrible a disaster could be. We had no idea about what would happen next. We could do nothing but wait and accept it.
【知识点】英语课文理解、短语辨析、状语从句用法
【点评】本题是基于课文《A lost city》的综合练习题，全面考查学生对课文内容的掌握、短语运用、状语从句的理解及文本深层含义的解读，需学生熟悉课文细节，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
