语法填空(每小题1分,满分60分)
根据短文内容,在横线上填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

答案略

【分析】
拿到这类语法填空题，首先第一步要先通读完整的记叙文全文，把握文章围绕城市发展展开的叙事主线，确定全文整体的基础时态，理清上下文的逻辑关联；接下来逐个处理设空：如果空后给出了提示词，先分析句子结构判断该位置需要的词性，再对应做词形变换，比如动词要考虑时态、语态、非谓语形式、名词化变形，形容词/副词要考虑比较等级、词性互换，名词要考虑单复数变化；如果没有给出提示词，就结合语境判断需要填入的虚词，比如冠词、介词、连词、代词、从句引导词等，最后把所有初步填好的答案代入全文通读，验证语法通顺、逻辑匹配即可。
【解析】
本题未提供完整的待填空记叙文原文，无对应具体逐空解题步骤，按给定参考答案要求答案略。
【答案】
略
【知识点】
语法填空，词形转换，虚词用法
【点评】
本题选取城市发展主题的记叙文作为语法填空载体，既考察高中英语核心的语法应用能力，也能让学生结合叙事感知城市变迁的脉络，解题时切忌脱离上下文语境生硬套用语法规则，要结合叙事的时间线、情感线综合判断答案。
【难度系数】
0.4

(一)
主题:城市发展 体裁:记叙文 难度:★★★★ 建议用时:7分钟 正确率: /10
Huai'an is a modern city now. Great changes 1(take) place over the past few years, including living conditions, transport, environment and people's lives.
Local people used to 2(live) in old houses. They could only travel by bus. Now most of them have moved into new flats and there is 3 airport in the northern part of the city. Many people are used to travelling 4 business by plane. Moreover, the government has built many beautiful parks. People often go there to relax 5(they) after a hard day's work.
Another big change is the environment. In the past, people 6(drop) litter everywhere. Waste from 7(factory) was put into rivers. The rivers were filled with pollution. Now there are laws to limit and improve it. 8 people drop litter carelessly in public, they will be punished. As a result, there is less pollution in rivers now.
People in the town are trying to be polite citizens. More people are willing to give a hand if someone is in need. Lu Ming, a middle school student, is also a volunteer at the community centre now. He and his classmates often discuss how 9(help) people in need. He thinks his life is far 10(mean) now.
Many hands make light work. People in Huai'an believe that if they work together, they can surely make Huai'an a better place.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. have taken 2. live 3. an 4. on 5. themselves 6. dropped
7. factories 8. If 9. to help 10. more meaningful

【分析】
这是一篇记叙文类语法填空题，解题时首先通读全文，明确文章核心是介绍淮安近些年的城市发展变化，理清整体的时态逻辑，再逐个结合语法规则、固定搭配、上下文语境推导每个空格的答案：首先看到时间标志词对应对应的时态规则，再回忆常用固定短语，根据主宾指代关系、主从句逻辑判断代词和引导词，最后结合特殊结构比如far修饰比较级、疑问词加不定式的规则确定剩余答案即可。
【解析】
1. 空后时间状语over the past few years是现在完成时的典型标志，主语Great changes是复数，take place意为“发生”，现在完成时结构为have/has+过去分词，take的过去分词是taken，故填have taken。
2. 固定搭配used to do sth. 表示“过去常常做某事”，to是不定式符号，后面接动词原形，故填live。
3. 此处表示“一座机场”，airport是可数名词单数，且发音以元音音素开头，要用不定冠词an，故填an。
4. 固定搭配on business意为“出差”，是固定常用短语，故填on。
5. 此处表达“辛苦工作一天后放松自己”，主语是People，和宾语指代一致，要用反身代词，they的反身代词是themselves，故填themselves。
6. 时间状语In the past表示过去的时间，句子要用一般过去时，drop的过去式是dropped，故填dropped。
7. 此处表示“来自工厂的废弃物”，这里表泛指多家工厂，可数名词factory要用复数形式factories，故填factories。
8. 分析主从句逻辑：“人们在公共场合随手扔垃圾”是“他们会被惩罚”的前提条件，属于条件状语从句，用if引导，句首首字母大写，故填If。
9. 固定结构“疑问词+不定式”在句中作discuss的宾语，how to help意为“如何帮助”，故填to help。
10. 副词far常用来修饰形容词比较级，此处表达“他的生活现在要有意义得多”，mean对应的形容词是meaningful，其比较级为more meaningful，故填more meaningful。
【答案】
1. have taken 2. live 3. an 4. on 5. themselves 6. dropped 7. factories 8. If 9. to help 10. more meaningful
【知识点】
现在完成时，固定短语搭配，词性转换
【点评】
本题围绕城市发展的生活化主题设题，考点覆盖了初中英语核心的时态、冠词、代词、非谓语结构、形容词比较级等语法点，既考查学生对基础语法规则的记忆，也要求学生结合上下文语境和常用搭配灵活推导，能够有效检验学生的语法综合应用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6

(二)

主题:名著节选 体裁:记叙文 难度:★★★★ 建议用时:7分钟 正确率: /10
(2025·潍坊中考改编)"Where's Papa going with that axe(斧子)?" said Fern to her mother while they 1(set) the table for breakfast.
"Out to the pig house," replied Mrs Arable. "Some pigs were born last night."
"I don't see why an axe is needed," continued Fern. "Well," said her mother, "one of the pigs is too small and weak to live. So your father has decided to do away with it."
"You mean kill it?" Fern shouted. "Just because it's the 2(small) one?"
Fern ran outdoors 3(quick). She caught up with her father. "Please don't kill it!" she cried. "It's unfair!"
Mr Arable stopped walking. "Fern," he said gently, "you will have to learn to control 4(you)."
"Control myself?" yelled Fern. "This is a matter of life and death." She took hold of 5 axe. "Fern," said Mr Arable, "I know more 6 raising pigs. A weakling usually makes trouble."
"But the pig couldn't help 7(be) born small, could it?" cried Fern. "If I had been very small at birth, would you have killed me?"
Mr Arable smiled. "But this is different ..." "I see no difference," replied Fern. "This is the worst case I 8(hear) since I was born!"
"All right," he said. "I will let you feed it with a bottle, as 9(baby) are fed. Then you will see what trouble a pig can be."
10 Mr Arable returned to the house, he carried a box under his arm. Fern opened the box. There, inside, looking up at her, was the newborn pig.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. were setting 2. smallest 3. quickly 4. yourself 5. the
6. about 7. being 8. have heard 9. babies 10. When

【分析】
这是一篇名著节选的记叙文语法填空题，解题时首先通读全文，了解故事大致情节：小女孩弗恩阻止父亲杀掉先天弱小的小猪，最终救下小猪的故事。接下来逐个结合语法规则和上下文语境推导答案：
1. 第一空看到while引导的时间状语从句，描述过去某个时间点正在发生的动作，结合主语they，判断用过去进行时；
2. 第二空前面有定冠词the，语境是一窝小猪里最小的那只，要用形容词最高级；
3. 第三空修饰动词ran，需要用副词形式；
4. 第四空结合句意“你要学会控制你自己”，这里要填反身代词；
5. 第五空指代前文已经提到过的那把斧子，是特指，用定冠词；
6. 第六空结合固定搭配know about表示“了解关于…的知识”，判断填介词；
7. 第七空结合固定搭配can't help doing sth表示“忍不住、没法避免做某事”，判断用动名词形式；
8. 第八空后面有since引导的时间状语从句，是现在完成时的标志，判断用现在完成时；
9. 第九空后面be动词是are，说明主语是可数名词复数，变形baby的复数；
10. 第十空引导时间状语从句，表达“当…的时候”的含义，填对应的连词。
【解析】
1. 此处为while引导的时间状语从句，描述过去正在进行的动作，主句时态为一般过去时，主语是they，过去进行时结构为were+doing，set的现在分词为setting，故填were setting。
2. 句意为“仅仅因为它是最小的那只吗？”，定冠词the后接形容词最高级，small的最高级为smallest，故填smallest。
3. 此处修饰动词短语ran outdoors，需要用副词作状语，quick的副词形式是quickly，故填quickly。
4. 句意为“你得学会控制你自己”，control后接反身代词作宾语，you对应的反身代词是yourself，故填yourself。
5. 此处指代前文开头提到过的那把斧子，是特指，要用定冠词the，故填the。
6. 固定搭配know about sth表示“了解、知晓关于某事物的相关知识”，此处句意为“我对养猪了解得更多”，故填about。
7. 固定搭配can't help doing sth表示“无法避免做某事、忍不住做某事”，此处用be的动名词形式being，故填being。
8. 句中since I was born是现在完成时的标志，主语为I，现在完成时结构为have+done，hear的过去分词是heard，故填have heard。
9. 句中be动词是are，说明主语是复数，baby的复数形式是babies，故填babies。
10. 此处引导时间状语从句，句意为“当Arable先生回到屋子里的时候，胳膊下夹着一个盒子”，用连词When，句首首字母大写，故填When。
【答案】
1. were setting 2. smallest 3. quickly 4. yourself 5. the
6. about 7. being 8. have heard 9. babies 10. When
【知识点】
动词时态运用，词形转换，固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题选取经典儿童文学《夏洛的网》的经典片段作为载体，将初中英语核心语法考点融入生动的叙事语境中，既考察学生对时态、词性变化、冠词介词等基础语法的掌握程度，也能让学生感受到英语名著的趣味。解题时需要结合上下文的逻辑和语法规则综合判断，避免孤立看句子导致的失分。
【难度系数】
0.4