(三)

主题:礼仪习俗 体裁:说明文 难度:★★★★ 建议用时:8分钟 正确率: /10
In much of Asia, especially the so-called "rice bowl" cultures of China, Korea, and Vietnam, food 1(eat) with chopsticks.
Chopsticks are usually long, thin 2(piece) of wood or bamboo of the same shape, size and material. They can also be made out of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. 3(true) elegant(高雅的) chopsticks might be made of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also join hard woods and metal 4(create) special designs.
As an old saying goes, "A chopstick can be broken easily; ten pairs of chopsticks hold each other tightly." Indeed, one chopstick is useless and easy to break. We need a 5(two) one while eating. Ten pairs of chopsticks can produce strength. All the Chinese people consider 6(they) as the symbol of unity(团结) and power.
The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People cooked their food in large pots 7 used twigs(细枝) to remove it. Over time, as the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten much 8(easy) with twigs, which gradually turned into chopsticks.
Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius(孔子), who 9(live) from 551 to 479 BC, influenced the development of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people 10 killings and were too violent(暴力的) for use at the table.
Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat with their hands.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. is eaten 2. pieces 3. Truly 4. to create 5. second 6. them
7. and 8. more easily 9. lived 10. of

【分析】
这是一篇介绍亚洲筷子相关礼仪习俗的说明文类语法填空题，解题时首先要通读全文，明确文章围绕筷子的使用场景、材质、文化寓意、发展历史展开，整体时态以一般现在时和一般过去时为主。接下来逐空结合提示词、句子成分、语法规则、固定搭配推导答案：首先判断有提示词的空格需要变形的方向，是变语态、名词单复数、词性、非谓语还是比较级/序数词等；没有提示词的空格则结合前后句逻辑、固定搭配判断填入的连词或介词。
【解析】
1. 本句主语food和动词eat是被动关系，描述的是客观普遍的习俗，用一般现在时的被动语态，food是不可数名词，be动词用is，故填is eaten。
2. 句子主语Chopsticks是复数，说明筷子是多条细长的木条/竹条，piece是可数名词，要用复数形式pieces。
3. 空格处修饰后面的形容词elegant，需要用副词作状语，true的副词形式是truly，位于句首首字母大写，故填Truly。
4. 此处表达“技艺娴熟的工匠将硬木和金属结合”的目的是打造特殊的纹样设计，用不定式作目的状语，故填to create。
5. 前文提到一根筷子很容易折断，吃饭的时候我们需要再拿第二根，two对应的序数词second表示“第二”，符合语境，故填second。
6. 动词consider后面要跟人称代词的宾格作宾语，此处指代前文的chopsticks，they的宾格是them，故填them。
7. 空格前后“人们在大锅里烹煮食物”和“用细枝把食物夹出来”是两个顺承的并列动作，用并列连词and连接，故填and。
8. 空格处修饰动词eaten，要用副词形式，同时前面有much修饰，提示要用副词的比较级，easy的副词是easily，比较级是more easily，故填more easily。
9. 孔子生活在公元前551到479年，是过去发生的动作，要用一般过去时，live的过去式是lived，故填lived。
10. 此处是固定搭配remind sb. of sth.，意为“让某人想起某事”，符合句意“孔子认为刀具会让人们联想到杀戮，在餐桌上使用太过暴力”，故填of。
【答案】
1. is eaten 2. pieces 3. Truly 4. to create 5. second 6. them 7. and 8. more easily 9. lived 10. of
【知识点】
动词时态语态，词性转换，固定搭配
【点评】
本题以中国传统筷子文化为载体，考点覆盖了初中英语语法填空的全部核心考点，既考察学生对各类基础语法规则的掌握熟练度，也渗透了中华传统礼仪习俗的文化常识，没有设置偏题怪题，能够有效检验学生的语法综合应用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6