Ⅲ.任务型阅读 时文阅读
Have you heard of smokejumpers? Wildfires may destroy lots of forest land, make people lose their homes and even cause people to die. Smokejumpers help stop these things from happening.
Smokejumpers are special firemen. Some places, for example, the centre of a mountain forest, are difficult to reach by car or on foot. When wildfires happen in those areas, smokejumpers jump from planes and put out the fires.
Smokejumpers usually need to clear away burnable materials(可燃物) nearby, because they must stop the fires from spreading. Then they take action to put out the fires as fast as they can.
Most smokejumpers are men, but now more and more women would like to choose the job. Having a strong body is important. In the US, the smokejumpers must be 54 to 95 kilos in weight. If they're too thin, winds may blow them away. If they're too heavy, they may get hurt when landing.
What's more, smokejumpers must be able to live in the wild. In Russia, the smokejumpers know a lot about how to find food in the forest and can even make simple furniture(家具) out of trees.
Smokejumpers often need to work long hours and their work is dangerous. But they love the meaningful job.
1. How do smokejumpers usually stop the fires from spreading? (不超过10个词)

2. What can Russian smokejumpers do in the forest? (不超过15个词)

3. What do you think of a smokejumper's job? (不超过5个词)

☆佳句仿写
Then they take action to put out the fires as fast as they can.
仿写:我们应该尽快采取行动来保护环境。

1. By clearing away burnable materials nearby.
2. They can find food and make simple furniture out of trees.
3. Dangerous but meaningful./It's dangerous but meaningful.（言之有理即可）
☆佳句仿写
We should take action to protect the environment as fast as we can.

【分析】本题为任务型阅读，解题时需先根据每个问题的关键词定位原文对应段落，提取关键信息，同时严格遵守题目要求的词数限制；仿写题需先分析原句结构（take action to do sth as fast as one can），再结合中文语义组织符合语法的英文句子。
【解析】1. 定位原文第三段第一句，提取烟跳者阻止火势蔓延的方式，符合词数要求；2. 定位原文第五段，提取俄罗斯烟跳者在森林中的能力，符合词数要求；3. 定位原文最后一段，提取对烟跳者工作的评价，符合词数；仿写部分，按照原句结构“take action to do sth as fast as one can”，结合中文“我们应该尽快采取行动来保护环境”组织句子。
【答案】1. By clearing away burnable materials nearby.
2. They can find food and make simple furniture out of trees.
3. Dangerous but meaningful./It's dangerous but meaningful.
☆佳句仿写
We should take action to protect the environment as fast as we can.
【知识点】任务型阅读信息提取、句子仿写
【点评】本题考查任务型阅读的信息定位与提取能力，以及句子仿写的应用，题型基础，需注意词数限制，适合巩固相关解题技巧。
【难度系数】0.7

本单元的话题是“自然灾害”,属于“人与自然”主题范畴中的“灾害防范”主题群,常从介绍一些自然灾害现象、叙述某次自然灾害经历以及提出灾害防范措施等角度进行考查。
第1步 词汇积累

第2步 句型训练
根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词
1. 用湿毛巾捂住口鼻以保护你自己免受浓烟的侵害。
Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel thick smoke.
2. 台风袭击村庄后,来自全国各地的捐赠振奋了村民们的精神。
After the typhoon hit the village, donations from all over the country .
3. 在困难时期我们要相互帮助。
We should help each other .
4. 尽管可怕的地震发生了,但战士们绝不抛弃任何一个人,齐心协力救助伤者。
Though the terrible earthquake happened, the soldiers anyone , and worked together to help the injured.
5. 在政府的帮助下,洪水之后,人们充满希望,而非满心悲伤。
With the government's help, people are hope sadness after the flood.

1. to protect yourself from/against
2. lifted villagers' spirits
3. in hard/difficult times
4. refused to leave; behind
5. full of/filled with; instead of

【分析】首先通读每个句子，理解语境，结合“自然灾害”主题相关的常用短语和固定搭配，分析每个空格所需的语义和结构，匹配对应短语，同时注意时态、人称及固定搭配的正确性，比如不定式表目的、过去时态的运用等。
【解析】1. 此处用不定式表目的，“保护自己免受……侵害”的固定搭配是protect sb from/against sth，故填to protect yourself from/against；2. “振奋某人的精神”是lift one's spirits，句子时态为一般过去时，“村民们的”对应villagers'，故填lifted villagers' spirits；3. “在困难时期”的固定短语是in hard/difficult times，符合语境；4. “拒绝抛弃某人”是refuse to leave sb behind，句子时态为一般过去时，故填refused to leave; behind；5. “充满……”是be full of/filled with，“而非”是instead of，故填full of/filled with; instead of。
【答案】1. to protect yourself from/against 2. lifted villagers' spirits 3. in hard/difficult times 4. refused to leave; behind 5. full of/filled with; instead of
【知识点】动词短语运用、固定搭配、介词短语
【点评】本题围绕“自然灾害”主题，考查相关常用短语和固定搭配的运用，属于单元基础句型训练，侧重话题相关表达的语境应用，帮助学生巩固话题词汇短语。
【难度系数】0.4