登录
Part 3 Reading and writing（阅读和写作）
The history of the umbrella
The umbrella is a very old and useful invention. Its story began a long time ago.
Long, long ago, in ancient Egypt, China and Mesopotamia (美索不达米亚), people first used umbrellas. But these early umbrellas were not for rain! They were made of leaves or paper and their job was to protect people from the hot sun. So, they were like a portable shade.
In many old countries, a big umbrella was a symbol of power (权力) and importance. Kings and queens had servants (仆人) hold umbrellas for them to show they were special.
Later, about 400 years ago in Europe (欧洲), people started using umbrellas to keep dry in the rain. They used wax (蜡) on the cloth to make it waterproof (不透水的). At first, people thought it was strange for men to use umbrellas. But soon, everyone started using them because they were so useful.
Today, umbrellas are made of light materials like nylon (尼龙) and plastic. They are easy to carry and come in many colours and designs. From keeping off the sun to keeping us dry, the umbrella is a truly great invention that has changed very little in its main job: protection (防护).
Task 1: Read and choose（读短文，选出正确的答案）
(
A. To keep dry in the rain.
B. To show people were important.
C. To protect people from the sun.
(
A. king or queen
B. scientist
C. farmer
(
A. is heavy and difficult to move
B. can be carried to provide (提供) shade anywhere
C. is used only inside the house
(
A. About 400 years ago.
B. In ancient Egypt.
C. About 100 years ago.
(
A. Umbrellas are only for rich people.
B. The main job of the umbrella has always been to protect people.
C. Umbrellas are better for the sun than for the rain.
The history of the umbrella
The umbrella is a very old and useful invention. Its story began a long time ago.
Long, long ago, in ancient Egypt, China and Mesopotamia (美索不达米亚), people first used umbrellas. But these early umbrellas were not for rain! They were made of leaves or paper and their job was to protect people from the hot sun. So, they were like a portable shade.
In many old countries, a big umbrella was a symbol of power (权力) and importance. Kings and queens had servants (仆人) hold umbrellas for them to show they were special.
Later, about 400 years ago in Europe (欧洲), people started using umbrellas to keep dry in the rain. They used wax (蜡) on the cloth to make it waterproof (不透水的). At first, people thought it was strange for men to use umbrellas. But soon, everyone started using them because they were so useful.
Today, umbrellas are made of light materials like nylon (尼龙) and plastic. They are easy to carry and come in many colours and designs. From keeping off the sun to keeping us dry, the umbrella is a truly great invention that has changed very little in its main job: protection (防护).
Task 1: Read and choose（读短文，选出正确的答案）
(
C
) 1. What was the first use of umbrellas in ancient times?A. To keep dry in the rain.
B. To show people were important.
C. To protect people from the sun.
(
A
) 2. In the past, a big umbrella could show that a person was probably a .A. king or queen
B. scientist
C. farmer
(
B
) 3. The underlined phrase “portable shade” in Paragraph 2 means something that .A. is heavy and difficult to move
B. can be carried to provide (提供) shade anywhere
C. is used only inside the house
(
A
) 4. When did Europeans (欧洲人) start using umbrellas for rain?A. About 400 years ago.
B. In ancient Egypt.
C. About 100 years ago.
(
B
) 5. What is the main idea of this passage (短文)?A. Umbrellas are only for rich people.
B. The main job of the umbrella has always been to protect people.
C. Umbrellas are better for the sun than for the rain.
答案
Task 1: 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. B
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解选择题，解题思路为：先通读短文把握整体内容，再针对每个小题的问题，回到原文定位对应信息，结合上下文分析选项，选出正确答案。具体步骤为：1. 定位题目对应的原文段落；2. 提取关键语句；3. 对比选项与原文信息，排除错误选项得出答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据短文第二段“But these early umbrellas were not for rain! They were made of leaves or paper and their job was to protect people from the hot sun.”可知，古代伞最初的用途是遮阳，故选C。
2. 细节理解题：根据短文第三段“In many old countries, a big umbrella was a symbol of power (权力) and importance. Kings and queens had servants (仆人) hold umbrellas for them...”可知，大伞象征权力，对应国王或女王，故选A。
3. 词义猜测题：“portable”意为“便携式的”，“shade”意为“遮阳物”，结合第二段早期伞是可携带的遮阳工具，可知选B。
4. 细节理解题：根据短文第四段“Later, about 400 years ago in Europe (欧洲), people started using umbrellas to keep dry in the rain.”可知，欧洲人约400年前开始用伞挡雨，故选A。
5. 主旨大意题：根据短文最后一段“the umbrella is a truly great invention that has changed very little in its main job: protection (防护).”可知，伞的主要作用一直是防护，对应主旨，故选B。
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. B
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题考查英语短文的阅读理解能力，涵盖细节查找、词义猜测和主旨大意三类题型，需要学生具备快速定位原文信息、理解关键语句的能力，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语阅读理解选择题，解题思路为：先通读短文把握整体内容，再针对每个小题的问题，回到原文定位对应信息，结合上下文分析选项，选出正确答案。具体步骤为：1. 定位题目对应的原文段落；2. 提取关键语句；3. 对比选项与原文信息，排除错误选项得出答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据短文第二段“But these early umbrellas were not for rain! They were made of leaves or paper and their job was to protect people from the hot sun.”可知，古代伞最初的用途是遮阳，故选C。
2. 细节理解题：根据短文第三段“In many old countries, a big umbrella was a symbol of power (权力) and importance. Kings and queens had servants (仆人) hold umbrellas for them...”可知，大伞象征权力，对应国王或女王，故选A。
3. 词义猜测题：“portable”意为“便携式的”，“shade”意为“遮阳物”，结合第二段早期伞是可携带的遮阳工具，可知选B。
4. 细节理解题：根据短文第四段“Later, about 400 years ago in Europe (欧洲), people started using umbrellas to keep dry in the rain.”可知，欧洲人约400年前开始用伞挡雨，故选A。
5. 主旨大意题：根据短文最后一段“the umbrella is a truly great invention that has changed very little in its main job: protection (防护).”可知，伞的主要作用一直是防护，对应主旨，故选B。
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. B
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题考查英语短文的阅读理解能力，涵盖细节查找、词义猜测和主旨大意三类题型，需要学生具备快速定位原文信息、理解关键语句的能力，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
