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七、词形填空。（每小题1.5分，共15分）
The Art of War is a military(军事的) book written by the Chinese strategist Sun Tzu. The book is the 1. (early) one on war and military science. It 2. (divide) into 13 parts. Each one is about a different set of skills or military strategy(战略).
It is hard to know exactly when The Art of War was written, but most experts think it was written during the Spring and Autumn Period. Besides, experts cannot be sure about the details of the life of 3. (it) writer, Sun Tzu, but they believe he was a general who was working hard 4. (serve) the State of Wu. It is clear that whatever his life experiences were, Sun Tzu had a lot of knowledge about war and strategy.
The starting point of The Art of War is that war should be avoided in the 5. ______ (begin). If a war cannot be avoided, it should be fought 6. ______ (wise) to reduce harm and waste. For example, attack 7. ______ (enemy) where they are unprepared and appear where you are not expected, and then you are likely to win a speedy victory with little effort.
The Art of War discusses much about preparation for war, including having 8. (luck) weather conditions, geographic advantages and the unity of the people, studying the enemy's actions and weaknesses and training soldiers. At the same time, the book also suggests that military strategy should be changed to suit new conditions 9. (depend) on the real situation on the war field.
The Art of War 10. (be) very popular since it first came out, influencing leaders all over the world.
The Art of War is a military(军事的) book written by the Chinese strategist Sun Tzu. The book is the 1. (early) one on war and military science. It 2. (divide) into 13 parts. Each one is about a different set of skills or military strategy(战略).
It is hard to know exactly when The Art of War was written, but most experts think it was written during the Spring and Autumn Period. Besides, experts cannot be sure about the details of the life of 3. (it) writer, Sun Tzu, but they believe he was a general who was working hard 4. (serve) the State of Wu. It is clear that whatever his life experiences were, Sun Tzu had a lot of knowledge about war and strategy.
The starting point of The Art of War is that war should be avoided in the 5. ______ (begin). If a war cannot be avoided, it should be fought 6. ______ (wise) to reduce harm and waste. For example, attack 7. ______ (enemy) where they are unprepared and appear where you are not expected, and then you are likely to win a speedy victory with little effort.
The Art of War discusses much about preparation for war, including having 8. (luck) weather conditions, geographic advantages and the unity of the people, studying the enemy's actions and weaknesses and training soldiers. At the same time, the book also suggests that military strategy should be changed to suit new conditions 9. (depend) on the real situation on the war field.
The Art of War 10. (be) very popular since it first came out, influencing leaders all over the world.
答案
1. earliest 2. is divided 3. its 4. to serve
5. beginning 6. wisely 7. enemies 8. lucky
9. depending 10. has been
5. beginning 6. wisely 7. enemies 8. lucky
9. depending 10. has been
解析
【分析】
本题为英语词形填空题，需结合语境、语法规则及词性转换知识解题：1. 由定冠词the可知，需用early的最高级；2. it指代the book，与divide是被动关系，用一般现在时被动语态；3. 修饰名词writer，用形容词性物主代词；4. 表目的，用不定式；5. 固定短语in the beginning需用名词；6. 修饰动词fought，用副词；7. enemy表泛指，用复数；8. 修饰名词短语，用形容词；9. 逻辑主语与depend是主动关系，用现在分词作状语；10. since引导的时间状语，主句用现在完成时。
【解析】
1. 句意为这本书是关于战争和军事科学的最早著作，定冠词the后接形容词最高级，故填earliest；
2. it指代the book，与divide构成被动关系，一般现在时被动语态结构为am/is/are+过去分词，故填is divided；
3. 修饰名词writer，需用形容词性物主代词，故填its；
4. 此处表努力的目的，用不定式作目的状语，故填to serve；
5. 固定短语in the beginning意为“起初”，需用名词，故填beginning；
6. 修饰动词fought，需用副词，故填wisely；
7. enemy为可数名词，此处表泛指，需用复数，故填enemies；
8. 修饰名词短语weather conditions，需用形容词，故填lucky；
9. 逻辑主语strategy与depend是主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语，故填depending；
10. since引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，主语为单数，故填has been。
【答案】
1. earliest 2. is divided 3. its 4. to serve 5. beginning 6. wisely 7. enemies 8. lucky 9. depending 10. has been
【知识点】
词形转换、动词时态语态、非谓语动词
【点评】
本题为英语基础词形填空题，考查词性转换、语法结构及固定搭配，是巩固英语语法的典型题型，难度适中，适合基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题为英语词形填空题，需结合语境、语法规则及词性转换知识解题：1. 由定冠词the可知，需用early的最高级；2. it指代the book，与divide是被动关系，用一般现在时被动语态；3. 修饰名词writer，用形容词性物主代词；4. 表目的，用不定式；5. 固定短语in the beginning需用名词；6. 修饰动词fought，用副词；7. enemy表泛指，用复数；8. 修饰名词短语，用形容词；9. 逻辑主语与depend是主动关系，用现在分词作状语；10. since引导的时间状语，主句用现在完成时。
【解析】
1. 句意为这本书是关于战争和军事科学的最早著作，定冠词the后接形容词最高级，故填earliest；
2. it指代the book，与divide构成被动关系，一般现在时被动语态结构为am/is/are+过去分词，故填is divided；
3. 修饰名词writer，需用形容词性物主代词，故填its；
4. 此处表努力的目的，用不定式作目的状语，故填to serve；
5. 固定短语in the beginning意为“起初”，需用名词，故填beginning；
6. 修饰动词fought，需用副词，故填wisely；
7. enemy为可数名词，此处表泛指，需用复数，故填enemies；
8. 修饰名词短语weather conditions，需用形容词，故填lucky；
9. 逻辑主语strategy与depend是主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语，故填depending；
10. since引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，主语为单数，故填has been。
【答案】
1. earliest 2. is divided 3. its 4. to serve 5. beginning 6. wisely 7. enemies 8. lucky 9. depending 10. has been
【知识点】
词形转换、动词时态语态、非谓语动词
【点评】
本题为英语基础词形填空题，考查词性转换、语法结构及固定搭配，是巩固英语语法的典型题型，难度适中，适合基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.5
八、完形填空。(第1~15小题每小题1分,第16小题2.5分,共17.5分)
In a quiet forest, there lived a little squirrel named Harry. He lived a simple life, looking for nuts and playing with his friends every day. But he often felt tired of the hard work and hoped for a(n) 1 life.
One day, Harry found a bright blue hat under an old oak tree. It was a magic hat. As soon as he put it on, he could get anything he wished for in a second. He was so amazed and 2. At first, he only asked for enough nuts and sweet fruit. But little by little, his 3 became bigger and bigger.
He started to ask the hat for golden coins, beautiful clothes and a big warm house. He didn’t 4 to look for food or do any daily work anymore. He 5 playing with his friends and stayed alone with his treasures all day. He thought he was the luckiest squirrel in the world, 6 he never felt true happiness. He became sad and quiet, 7 the simple days before.
Harry had so much money and so many expensive things, but he had 8 to share them with. He watched the empty forest and felt lonelier than ever. He wanted to go back to his simple life, but he couldn’t 9 his strong desires(欲望). He sat quietly and didn’t know 10 to do.
Just then, a soft voice called his name and a hand woke him up 11. “Harry, wake up! It’s time to get ready for school!” Harry opened his eyes wide. He was lying in his own small bed. The magic hat, the coins and the big house were all gone. It was just a wonderful 12. The alarm clock was ringing loudly next to his pillow.
Harry sat up and thought carefully. He finally understood that real happiness could 13 come from easy wishes or much money. It comes from hard work, true friendship and a 14 heart. We should never let strong desires take away our happy life. We should cherish every simple warm moment and work hard to create a better life by 15.
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(
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(
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16. After reading the passage, what will you do to live a happy and meaningful school life?
In a quiet forest, there lived a little squirrel named Harry. He lived a simple life, looking for nuts and playing with his friends every day. But he often felt tired of the hard work and hoped for a(n) 1 life.
One day, Harry found a bright blue hat under an old oak tree. It was a magic hat. As soon as he put it on, he could get anything he wished for in a second. He was so amazed and 2. At first, he only asked for enough nuts and sweet fruit. But little by little, his 3 became bigger and bigger.
He started to ask the hat for golden coins, beautiful clothes and a big warm house. He didn’t 4 to look for food or do any daily work anymore. He 5 playing with his friends and stayed alone with his treasures all day. He thought he was the luckiest squirrel in the world, 6 he never felt true happiness. He became sad and quiet, 7 the simple days before.
Harry had so much money and so many expensive things, but he had 8 to share them with. He watched the empty forest and felt lonelier than ever. He wanted to go back to his simple life, but he couldn’t 9 his strong desires(欲望). He sat quietly and didn’t know 10 to do.
Just then, a soft voice called his name and a hand woke him up 11. “Harry, wake up! It’s time to get ready for school!” Harry opened his eyes wide. He was lying in his own small bed. The magic hat, the coins and the big house were all gone. It was just a wonderful 12. The alarm clock was ringing loudly next to his pillow.
Harry sat up and thought carefully. He finally understood that real happiness could 13 come from easy wishes or much money. It comes from hard work, true friendship and a 14 heart. We should never let strong desires take away our happy life. We should cherish every simple warm moment and work hard to create a better life by 15.
(
B
)1. A. harder B. easier C. faster D. safer(
C
)2. A. sad B. angry C. happy D. shy(
A
)3. A. wishes B. habits C. ideas D. problems(
B
)4. A. agree B. need C. fail D. promise(
B
)5. A. looked for B. gave up C. thought of D. took up(
C
)6. A. so B. and C. but D. or(
C
)7. A. remembering B. forgetting C. missing D. celebrating(
D
)8. A. someone B. anyone C. everyone D. no one(
A
)9. A. control B. accept C. notice D. guess(
B
)10. A. how B. what C. when D. where(
A
)11. A. gently B. clearly C. easily D. quickly(
D
)12. A. story B. lesson C. game D. dream(
C
)13. A. always B. sometimes C. never D. often(
D
)14. A. strict B. quiet C. brave D. simple(
A
)15. A. ourselves B. himself C. myself D. themselves16. After reading the passage, what will you do to live a happy and meaningful school life?
I will study hard, cherish my friendship, keep a simple heart and not ask for too many unnecessary things.（言之有理即可）
答案
1~5. BCABB 6~10. CCDAB 11~15. ADCDA
16. I will study hard, cherish my friendship, keep a simple heart and not ask for too many unnecessary things.（言之有理即可）
16. I will study hard, cherish my friendship, keep a simple heart and not ask for too many unnecessary things.（言之有理即可）
解析
【分析】
做完形填空需先通读全文，把握主旨（本文讲述小松鼠Harry的奇幻梦境，揭示真正的幸福源于简单生活、努力与真挚友谊）；再逐题结合上下文语境、词汇词义辨析、逻辑关系逐一分析选项；最后验证答案是否符合语篇逻辑。
【解析】
1. 前文提到Harry厌倦辛苦工作，希望过更轻松的生活，故选B（easier）。
2. 得到能实现愿望的魔法帽，Harry会很开心，故选C（happy）。
3. 起初要坚果水果，后来愿望变大，故选A（wishes）。
4. 有了魔法帽后，不需要自己找食物做日常工作，故选B（need）。
5. 他放弃和朋友玩，独自待着，故选B（gave up）。
6. 他觉得自己最幸运，但从未感到真正幸福，转折关系，故选C（but）。
7. 他变得悲伤安静，怀念之前简单的日子，故选C（missing）。
8. 他有很多东西，但没人分享，故选D（no one）。
9. 他想回到简单生活，但控制不住强烈的欲望，故选A（control）。
10. 他不知道该做什么，疑问词what作do的宾语，故选B（what）。
11. 温柔的声音叫醒他，故选A（gently）。
12. 魔法帽等都是梦，故选D（dream）。
13. 真正的幸福从不来自轻易的愿望或钱，故选C（never）。
14. 幸福来自简单的心，故选D（simple）。
15. 我们应该靠自己创造更好的生活，故选A（ourselves）。
16. 本题为开放题，结合主旨言之有理即可，示例：I will study hard, cherish my friendship, keep a simple heart and not ask for too many unnecessary things.
【答案】
1~5. BCABB；6~10. CCDAB；11~15. ADCDA；16. I will study hard, cherish my friendship, keep a simple heart and not ask for too many unnecessary things.（言之有理即可）
【知识点】
完形填空语境理解、词义辨析
【点评】
本文是记叙文完形，通过奇幻故事传递生活哲理，考查学生词汇运用与语篇整体理解能力，难度适中，需结合上下文逻辑推理。
【难度系数】
0.5
做完形填空需先通读全文，把握主旨（本文讲述小松鼠Harry的奇幻梦境，揭示真正的幸福源于简单生活、努力与真挚友谊）；再逐题结合上下文语境、词汇词义辨析、逻辑关系逐一分析选项；最后验证答案是否符合语篇逻辑。
【解析】
1. 前文提到Harry厌倦辛苦工作，希望过更轻松的生活，故选B（easier）。
2. 得到能实现愿望的魔法帽，Harry会很开心，故选C（happy）。
3. 起初要坚果水果，后来愿望变大，故选A（wishes）。
4. 有了魔法帽后，不需要自己找食物做日常工作，故选B（need）。
5. 他放弃和朋友玩，独自待着，故选B（gave up）。
6. 他觉得自己最幸运，但从未感到真正幸福，转折关系，故选C（but）。
7. 他变得悲伤安静，怀念之前简单的日子，故选C（missing）。
8. 他有很多东西，但没人分享，故选D（no one）。
9. 他想回到简单生活，但控制不住强烈的欲望，故选A（control）。
10. 他不知道该做什么，疑问词what作do的宾语，故选B（what）。
11. 温柔的声音叫醒他，故选A（gently）。
12. 魔法帽等都是梦，故选D（dream）。
13. 真正的幸福从不来自轻易的愿望或钱，故选C（never）。
14. 幸福来自简单的心，故选D（simple）。
15. 我们应该靠自己创造更好的生活，故选A（ourselves）。
16. 本题为开放题，结合主旨言之有理即可，示例：I will study hard, cherish my friendship, keep a simple heart and not ask for too many unnecessary things.
【答案】
1~5. BCABB；6~10. CCDAB；11~15. ADCDA；16. I will study hard, cherish my friendship, keep a simple heart and not ask for too many unnecessary things.（言之有理即可）
【知识点】
完形填空语境理解、词义辨析
【点评】
本文是记叙文完形，通过奇幻故事传递生活哲理，考查学生词汇运用与语篇整体理解能力，难度适中，需结合上下文逻辑推理。
【难度系数】
0.5
