2026年通城学典课时作业本八年级英语下册译林版宿迁专版第154页答案
一、根据句意及所给中文提示、首字母或英文解释,写出句中所缺单词,每空限填一词。
1. — What happened? — A car accident happened just now. I think the driver will be
fined
(罚款).
2. (2025·泰州模拟改编)My best friend May always exercises more to bring her weight under
control
(控制).
3. — I'm sorry to
break
(打破) your glass. — Never mind.
4. (2025·徐州鼓楼区模拟改编)If we don't protect the environment well, we'll be
punished
(惩罚) sooner or later.
5. (2025·杭州模拟改编)My parents are very s
trict
with me. I am not allowed to hang out with friends even on weekends.
6. (2025·宿迁模拟改编)— I think everyone can do something to
influence
(make a difference to) the earth. — Many hands make light work. If we work together, we can make the world a better place.

答案

1. fined 2. control 3. break 4. punished 5. strict 6. influence

解析

【分析】这类题需结合句子语境,依据中文提示、首字母或英文释义,同时考虑语法规则(如被动语态、动词形式)和固定搭配来填写正确单词,每空限填一词。
【解析】1. 此处为一般将来时的被动语态,结构为“will be + 过去分词”,“罚款”对应的动词是fine,其过去分词为fined,故填fined。2. 考查固定搭配under control,意为“处于控制中”,故填control。3. 固定结构be sorry to do sth中,不定式后用动词原形,“打破”的动词原形为break,故填break。4. 此处为一般将来时的被动语态,结构为“will be + 过去分词”,“惩罚”对应的动词是punish,其过去分词为punished,故填punished。5. 考查固定搭配be strict with sb,意为“对某人严格”,结合首字母s,故填strict。6. 括号内英文释义make a difference to意为“影响”,对应动词influence,且不定式符号to后用动词原形,故填influence。
【答案】1. fined 2. control 3. break 4. punished 5. strict 6. influence
【知识点】固定短语搭配、被动语态、动词原形用法
【点评】本题为基础词汇考查题,侧重核心词汇、固定搭配及基础语法(被动语态)的运用,难度较低,只要平时积累相关词汇和搭配即可轻松作答。
【难度系数】0.8
(
A
) 1.(2024·武汉)— What a team! They're always pulling together. — Exactly. No force can
them.

A.separate
B.push
C.guard
D.shape

答案

1. A

解析

【分析】
先理解对话语境:第一句夸赞团队总是团结(pull together),第二句回应“没有力量能______他们”。解题时需分析各选项动词含义,结合“团结”的语境,判断出应选表示“分开”的动词,进而确定答案。
【解析】
对话翻译:——多么棒的团队!他们总是团结在一起。——没错,没有力量能______他们。逐一分析选项:A. separate(分开),符合“团队团结,无法被分开”的语境;B. push(推),不符合句意;C. guard(守卫),与语境无关;D. shape(塑造),不符合逻辑。因此选A。
【答案】
A
【知识点】
动词词义辨析;情景交际
【点评】
本题结合情景对话考查动词词义辨析,需准确掌握各动词含义并理解对话逻辑,属于基础题型,难度不大。
【难度系数】
0.7
(
B
) 2. (2025·扬州模拟改编)— Cindy! Can you help me pass the
2 of the game “Word Puzzle(字谜)”? — Oh, dear. There's nothing I can do to help you. I can't pass it either.

A.sign
B.level
C.method
D.subject

答案

2. B

解析

【分析】这是一道英语词义辨析题,解题思路是先理解对话语境,再分析各选项词义,结合游戏相关的常用表达选出正确答案。首先明确对话核心:询问能否帮忙通过字谜游戏的第2个环节,再逐一匹配选项含义与语境。
【解析】先翻译对话:“——辛迪!你能帮我通过字谜游戏的第2关吗?——哦,天哪,我帮不了你,我也过不了。” 分析选项:A. sign意为“标志”,代入后语义不通;B. level意为“关卡、级别”,“pass the level”是游戏中常用搭配,指通过游戏关卡,符合语境;C. method意为“方法”,“通过游戏的第2方法”不符合逻辑;D. subject意为“科目”,与游戏场景无关。因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】名词词义辨析、语境运用
【点评】本题结合日常游戏场景考查名词词义,难度较低,需准确掌握各选项词义及游戏相关常用表达,适合基础阶段学生巩固知识点。
【难度系数】0.7
(
C
) 3. Now it's easy to go shopping online, and the smartphone can show how much you've spent this month
at any time.

A.in person
B.in public
C.in total
D.in common

答案

3. C

解析

【分析】本题考查介词短语的词义辨析,解题思路为:先理解句子语境,明确空格处需表达“总计、总共”的含义;再逐一分析各选项介词短语的意思,排除不符合语境的选项,最终确定正确答案。
【解析】逐一分析选项:A. in person意为“亲自”;B. in public意为“公开地”;C. in total意为“总共、总计”;D. in common意为“共同的”。结合句子“智能手机能随时显示你这个月________花了多少钱”的语境,此处需表示“总花费”,因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】介词短语辨析
【点评】本题为英语基础词义辨析题,考查常见介词短语的含义,难度较低,只要掌握各短语意思并结合语境即可轻松作答。
【难度系数】0.8
(
B
) 4. — The oil on the earth will
one day. — I think so. We should make good use of it.

A.blow out
B.run out
C.put out
D.break out

答案

4. B

解析

【分析】本题考查动词短语的词义辨析,解题思路是:先逐一明确每个选项中动词短语的含义,再结合句子语境(描述石油的状态),判断哪个短语符合句意,从而选出正确答案。
【解析】首先分析各选项短语的含义:A选项blow out意为“吹灭(火焰等)”,主语多为动作发出者(如人),不符合“石油”作主语的语境;B选项run out意为“用完、耗尽”,主语通常为物(如资源、时间等),符合“石油(资源)会耗尽”的语境;C选项put out意为“扑灭(火);出版”,与句意不符;D选项break out意为“(战争、灾难等)爆发”,不符合石油相关的语境。因此正确答案为B。
【答案】B
【知识点】动词短语辨析;词义辨析
【点评】本题考查常见动词短语在语境中的运用,属于英语基础题型,需要学生掌握各短语的准确含义,结合语境即可快速判断答案。
【难度系数】0.3
(
B
) 5. Huangmei Opera is
thought to be a symbol of Anhui Province. Don't miss it during your stay there.

A.hardly
B.widely
C.suddenly
D.badly

答案

5. B

解析

【分析】
这是一道英语副词词义辨析题,解题时需先明确各选项副词的含义,再结合句子语境判断合适词汇。首先通读句子理解句意:“黄梅戏被______认为是安徽省的象征”,随后逐一分析选项:A选项hardly意为“几乎不”,代入后语义不通;B选项widely意为“广泛地”,符合“被广泛认可”的语境;C选项suddenly意为“突然地”,不符合句意;D选项badly意为“糟糕地、严重地”,代入后语义错误,因此确定正确选项。
【解析】
本题考查副词词义辨析。各选项副词含义如下:A. hardly(几乎不);B. widely(广泛地);C. suddenly(突然地);D. badly(严重地;拙劣地)。结合句子语境“黄梅戏被______认为是安徽省的象征”,此处需表达“广泛地”的含义,只有B选项符合要求,故答案为B。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
副词词义辨析
【点评】
本题为基础词义辨析题,难度较低,学生只需掌握常见副词含义并结合语境即可快速选出答案,属于英语学习中的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.8
三、(2025·常州模拟)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At the age of 11, Romario has made a great difference to the world and the natural environment. Romario comes from a town in South Africa. He is the 1.
youngest
(young) ambassador(大使) for an environmental organization. So far, he 2.
has raised
(raise) more than 2,700 for bird protection in Durban and the Western Cape. Also, he has taken part in more than 230 beach clean-ups.
In 2022, he published a book. The book covers the topics of the oceans, bird protection and the danger of plastic 3.
pollution
(pollute).
“I found it challenging to get information that was simple, 4.
educational
(educate) and creative. The book 5.
is written
(write) for the youth. I hope it will encourage young people 6.
to protect
(protect) the earth. I believe that if children take action from a young age, it will help them become better citizens and make the world greener,” Romario said. “The book also 7.
introduces
(introduce) some exciting scientific experiments, art activities and guidance(指导) on environmental jobs 8.
the
youth can do.”
9.
Since
the book came out, Romario has got a lot of reviews. People show great interest in it and pay attention to the living conditions. “I feel glad that so many people support me in my environmental journey. I have learnt the importance 10.
of
teamwork in the journey of protecting the environment. In the future, I will keep trying,” he said.

答案

1. youngest 2. has raised 3. pollution 4. educational 5. is written 6. to protect 7. introduces 8. the 9. Since 10. of

解析

【分析】
本题为英语语法填空题,需结合语境、词性变化、时态语态、固定搭配等规则完成填空。解题思路:先通读短文理解主旨,再逐个分析每个空格的考点,结合语法规则和上下文提示确定单词的正确形式。
1. 空格前有定冠词the,需用形容词最高级;
2. 时间标志词so far对应现在完成时;
3. plastic为形容词,后需接名词;
4. and连接并列形容词,需用educate的形容词形式;
5. 书是被创作的,需用一般现在时的被动语态;
6. 考查固定搭配encourage sb to do sth;
7. 主语为单数,一般现在时谓语用第三人称单数;
8. 此处特指前文提到的活动,需用定冠词;
9. 后文为现在完成时,需用since引导时间状语;
10. 考查固定搭配the importance of。
【解析】
1. 考查形容词最高级。定冠词the后接形容词最高级,young的最高级为youngest,故填youngest;
2. 考查现在完成时。so far是现在完成时的标志,主语he为第三人称单数,结构为has+过去分词,故填has raised;
3. 考查名词。plastic修饰名词,pollute的名词形式为pollution,故填pollution;
4. 考查形容词。and连接并列形容词,simple和creative为形容词,故填educational;
5. 考查被动语态。书是被写,一般现在时被动语态结构为is+过去分词,主语the book为单数,故填is written;
6. 考查固定搭配。encourage sb to do sth为固定搭配,意为“鼓励某人做某事”,故填to protect;
7. 考查主谓一致。主语the book为单数,一般现在时谓语用第三人称单数,故填introduces;
8. 考查定冠词。此处特指前文提到的活动,需用定冠词the,故填the;
9. 考查连词。后文为现在完成时,需用since引导“自从……以来”,故填Since;
10. 考查介词。the importance of为固定搭配,意为“……的重要性”,故填of。
【答案】
1. youngest 2. has raised 3. pollution 4. educational 5. is written 6. to protect 7. introduces 8. the 9. Since 10. of
【知识点】
形容词最高级、现在完成时、被动语态、固定搭配
【点评】
本题以环保少年的事迹为语境,考查英语基础语法的综合运用,涵盖时态、语态、词性转换、固定搭配等核心考点,贴近学生认知,难度适中,需学生结合语法规则和上下文逻辑准确作答。
【难度系数】
0.6