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四、阅读理解。
①Chongqing, a major city in southwestern China, has faced many environmental challenges in recent years. Because of its rapid development and large population, the city once faced air pollution, water pollution and waste management issues (问题). However, Chongqing has taken effective measures to improve its environment.
②In the past, Chongqing's air quality was poor because of factories and vehicle emissions (车辆排放物). To solve this problem, the government has introduced strict rules on industrial pollution and encouraged the use of clean energy. For example, many factories have replaced coal with natural gas. What's more, Chongqing has improved its public transportation system to cut down the number of cars on the road.
③Chongqing lies at the meeting point of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River, which makes water resource protection important. The city has built more sewage treatment plants to clean wastewater before it flows into the rivers. Moreover, the government plans to clean up the rivers and stop people from throwing rubbish into them.
④The government has also set up a system to reduce the amount of rubbish. People are encouraged to sort their waste into different kinds, such as recycling things, kitchen waste and hazardous waste like chemicals. Schools and communities often organise activities to teach people how to sort waste properly.
⑤To make the city more livable, Chongqing has planted millions of trees and built many parks and green spaces. These areas not only improve the environment but also provide places for people to relax and exercise.
⑥Thanks to these efforts, Chongqing's environment has improved a lot. However, protecting the environment is a long-term task, and everyone needs to do their part.
(
①Encouraging the use of clean energy.
②Setting up a system to reduce rubbish.
③Building many sewage treatment plants.
④Improving its public transportation system.
A. ①② B. ②③ C. ①④ D. ③④
(
A. By listing facts. B. By sharing ideas.
C. By listing numbers. D. By asking questions.
(
A. Chongqing's environment is perfect now and needs no more efforts.
B. All factories in Chongqing still use coal as fuel.
C. Environmental protection needs the efforts of the whole city.
D. People in Chongqing don't need to sort waste.
(
A. ①/②③④/⑤⑥ B. ①/②③④⑤/⑥
C. ①②/③④/⑤⑥ D. ①②/③④⑤/⑥
①Chongqing, a major city in southwestern China, has faced many environmental challenges in recent years. Because of its rapid development and large population, the city once faced air pollution, water pollution and waste management issues (问题). However, Chongqing has taken effective measures to improve its environment.
②In the past, Chongqing's air quality was poor because of factories and vehicle emissions (车辆排放物). To solve this problem, the government has introduced strict rules on industrial pollution and encouraged the use of clean energy. For example, many factories have replaced coal with natural gas. What's more, Chongqing has improved its public transportation system to cut down the number of cars on the road.
③Chongqing lies at the meeting point of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River, which makes water resource protection important. The city has built more sewage treatment plants to clean wastewater before it flows into the rivers. Moreover, the government plans to clean up the rivers and stop people from throwing rubbish into them.
④The government has also set up a system to reduce the amount of rubbish. People are encouraged to sort their waste into different kinds, such as recycling things, kitchen waste and hazardous waste like chemicals. Schools and communities often organise activities to teach people how to sort waste properly.
⑤To make the city more livable, Chongqing has planted millions of trees and built many parks and green spaces. These areas not only improve the environment but also provide places for people to relax and exercise.
⑥Thanks to these efforts, Chongqing's environment has improved a lot. However, protecting the environment is a long-term task, and everyone needs to do their part.
(
C
) 20. According to the passage, what measures has Chongqing taken to solve air pollution?①Encouraging the use of clean energy.
②Setting up a system to reduce rubbish.
③Building many sewage treatment plants.
④Improving its public transportation system.
A. ①② B. ②③ C. ①④ D. ③④
(
A
) 21. How does the writer develop the third paragraph?A. By listing facts. B. By sharing ideas.
C. By listing numbers. D. By asking questions.
(
C
) 22. What can we infer from the passage?A. Chongqing's environment is perfect now and needs no more efforts.
B. All factories in Chongqing still use coal as fuel.
C. Environmental protection needs the efforts of the whole city.
D. People in Chongqing don't need to sort waste.
(
B
) 23. Which of the following shows the best structure of this passage?A. ①/②③④/⑤⑥ B. ①/②③④⑤/⑥
C. ①②/③④/⑤⑥ D. ①②/③④⑤/⑥
答案
20.C 21.A 22.C 23.B
解析
【分析】
先明确各题考查类型，结合原文定位信息解题：
1. 第20题是细节理解题，需查找解决空气污染的措施，定位第二段内容；
2. 第21题是文章结构题，分析第三段的展开方式；
3. 第22题是推理判断题，结合原文细节排除错误选项，推断合理结论；
4. 第23题是文章结构题，梳理各段落的功能（总起、分述、总结）。
【解析】
20题：根据原文第二段，解决空气污染的措施包括“鼓励使用清洁能源”（对应①）和“改善公共交通系统以减少路上车辆”（对应④），因此选C；
21题：第三段通过列举“建污水处理厂、清理河流、禁止乱扔垃圾”等事实展开，故选A；
22题：A项与原文“保护环境是长期任务”矛盾；B项与“工厂用天然气替代煤炭”矛盾；C项符合原文“每个人都要尽一份力”；D项与“鼓励垃圾分类”矛盾，故选C；
23题：第一段总述重庆环境问题及采取措施，②-⑤分述各治理措施，⑥总结环境改善及环保的长期性，结构为①/②③④⑤/⑥，故选B。
【答案】
20.C 21.A 22.C 23.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（细节理解）、英语阅读理解（推理判断）、英语阅读理解（文章结构）
【点评】
本题围绕重庆环境治理展开，考查学生对英语阅读中细节定位、逻辑分析、推理判断及文章结构梳理的能力，难度适中，需准确把握原文信息。
【难度系数】
0.5
先明确各题考查类型，结合原文定位信息解题：
1. 第20题是细节理解题，需查找解决空气污染的措施，定位第二段内容；
2. 第21题是文章结构题，分析第三段的展开方式；
3. 第22题是推理判断题，结合原文细节排除错误选项，推断合理结论；
4. 第23题是文章结构题，梳理各段落的功能（总起、分述、总结）。
【解析】
20题：根据原文第二段，解决空气污染的措施包括“鼓励使用清洁能源”（对应①）和“改善公共交通系统以减少路上车辆”（对应④），因此选C；
21题：第三段通过列举“建污水处理厂、清理河流、禁止乱扔垃圾”等事实展开，故选A；
22题：A项与原文“保护环境是长期任务”矛盾；B项与“工厂用天然气替代煤炭”矛盾；C项符合原文“每个人都要尽一份力”；D项与“鼓励垃圾分类”矛盾，故选C；
23题：第一段总述重庆环境问题及采取措施，②-⑤分述各治理措施，⑥总结环境改善及环保的长期性，结构为①/②③④⑤/⑥，故选B。
【答案】
20.C 21.A 22.C 23.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（细节理解）、英语阅读理解（推理判断）、英语阅读理解（文章结构）
【点评】
本题围绕重庆环境治理展开，考查学生对英语阅读中细节定位、逻辑分析、推理判断及文章结构梳理的能力，难度适中，需准确把握原文信息。
【难度系数】
0.5
