一、根据汉语意思写单词。
1. This old tree is (认为) a precious treasure by local villagers around the town.
2. We plan to collect different kinds of (材料) for our group art project.
3. We should wear warm (手套) on cold winter days.
4. I need to buy some new (牙刷) for my family.
5. This kind of notebook is (便宜的) but very useful for students.

1.considered 2.materials 3.gloves
4.toothbrushes 5.cheap

【分析】
本题为根据汉语意思写单词的基础题，需结合句子语境、词性及语法规则确定单词的正确形式：1. 第1题是被动语态，需用动词的过去分词；2. 第2题different kinds of后接可数名词复数；3. 第3题“手套”常用复数形式；4. 第4题“牙刷”为可数名词，此处需用复数；5. 第5题需用形容词原级。
【解析】
1. 句子为被动语态（be+过去分词结构），“认为”对应动词consider，过去分词为considered；
2. “材料”是可数名词，different kinds of后接复数，故为materials；
3. “手套”常用复数形式，对应gloves；
4. “牙刷”是可数名词，some后接复数，对应toothbrushes；
5. “便宜的”对应形容词原级cheap。
【答案】
1.considered 2.materials 3.gloves 4.toothbrushes 5.cheap
【知识点】
动词过去分词、可数名词复数、形容词原级
【点评】
本题考查基础单词拼写及简单的语法变形，属于英语基础题型，侧重词汇的语境运用，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8

二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
6. He is a great who many useful things years ago. (invent)
7. If we want to enjoy beauty, we must protect . (nature)
8. Susan has never missed any class, but (surprise), she's absent today.
9. The cashier in the supermarket (replace) by a self-service machine last month.
10. He joined the reading club, and since then, he (read) many great books.

6.inventor;invented 7.natural;nature
8.surprisingly 9.was replaced 10.has read

【分析】
本题为英语单词适当形式填空题，需结合句子成分、词性要求、时态、语态等判断单词的正确形式：
1. 第6题：第一空在不定冠词a和形容词great后，需填名词；第二空在定语从句中，时间状语years ago提示用过去式。
2. 第7题：第一空修饰名词beauty，需用形容词；第二空在动词protect后，需用名词作宾语。
3. 第8题：空格修饰整个句子，需用副词。
4. 第9题：主语cashier与动词replace是被动关系，时间状语last month提示用一般过去时的被动语态。
5. 第10题：时间状语since then提示用现在完成时。
【解析】
6. 第一空：a great后接可数名词单数，invent的名词形式为inventor（发明家）；第二空：由years ago可知用一般过去时，invent的过去式为invented，故填inventor; invented。
7. 第一空：修饰名词beauty需用形容词，nature的形容词形式为natural；第二空：protect后接名词作宾语，用nature（自然），故填natural; nature。
8. 此处需副词修饰整个句子，surprise的副词形式为surprisingly，故填surprisingly。
9. 主语the cashier与动词replace是被动关系，时间状语last month提示用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were + 过去分词，主语是单数，故填was replaced。
10. 由since then可知用现在完成时，结构为have/has + 过去分词，主语是he，助动词用has，read的过去分词是read，故填has read。
【答案】
6.inventor;invented 7.natural;nature 8.surprisingly 9.was replaced 10.has read
【知识点】
单词适当形式变化、时态语态、词性转换
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础题型，主要考查词性转换、时态及被动语态的运用，需结合句子结构和时间标志判断形式，难度适中，适合巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.6

三、选词填空。
shape so former practical sign
remain by mistake member quiet
There is an old wooden box on my bookshelf, which has been passed down in my family. The 11. owner of the box was my great-grandfather, who made it with his own hands. He spent several days 12. rough wood into this tidy and firm box with simple tools. In our family, this little box is regarded as a 13. of diligence and warm old memories. It has 14. daily use — storing things like pens and small meaningful presents. The box is extremely durable (耐用的), 15. it has stayed intact (完好无损的) for many years. Last month, when I tidied my room, I took it out 16. and left it outside. Despite this careless mistake, the box was not damaged and 17. in perfect condition. Now it sits 18. beside my textbooks and goes along with my busy school life. All my family 19. treasure this special box because of the precious stories behind it. Every time I look at it, I realise I should never casually throw away old things, for many of them carry special feelings.

11.former 12.shaping 13.sign 14.practical
15.so 16.by mistake 17.remained 18.quietly
19.members

【分析】先通读全文把握文章主旨（家族旧木箱的故事），解题时需先判断每个空缺处所需的词性，再结合上下文语境、逻辑关系及固定搭配，从给定词汇中选择合适的词，同时注意词汇的词形变化（如动词变形、名词复数、形容词变副词等），逐一匹配完成填空。
【解析】11. 空后是名词owner，需形容词修饰，former意为“从前的”，符合语境（箱子从前的主人是曾祖父）；12. 固定搭配spend time doing sth，shape意为“制作、塑造”，此处用其动名词形式shaping；13. 固定搭配a sign of（……的标志），sign符合语境（箱子是勤奋与回忆的标志）；14. 空后是名词短语daily use，需形容词修饰，practical意为“实用的”，符合“箱子有日常用途”的语境；15. 前后句为因果逻辑，so表“所以”，连接因果关系；16. 由后文的careless mistake可知，需填by mistake（错误地），符合“不小心拿出箱子”的语境；17. 此处需动词作谓语，remain意为“保持”，结合前文时态用过去式remained；18. 空处修饰动词sits，需用副词，quiet的副词形式quietly；19. all后接可数名词复数，member的复数形式members，指所有家族成员。
【答案】11.former 12.shaping 13.sign 14.practical 15.so 16.by mistake 17.remained 18.quietly 19.members
【知识点】英语词汇运用、选词填空、词性转换
【点评】本题考查词汇在语境中的运用，要求学生结合上下文逻辑、词性要求及固定搭配解题，同时需注意词形变化，是基础的英语题型，能有效检验学生的词汇掌握与语境分析能力。
【难度系数】0.6