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Ⅴ. 阅读下面语篇，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。
Have you noticed that the temperature is not so normal these days? The greenhouse effect (温室效应) is one of the reasons.
How does it work?
A greenhouse is a building with glass walls. During the daytime, sunlight shines into the greenhouse and warms the plants and air inside. At nighttime, it's colder outside, but the greenhouse stays warm inside. That's because the glass walls of the greenhouse keep the sun's heat inside.
The greenhouse effect works much the same way on Earth. Greenhouse gases in the air such as $\mathrm{CO}_2$ hold heat like the glass walls of a greenhouse. During the day, the sun shines and Earth's surface warms up in the sunlight. At night, Earth's surface cools, giving heat back into the air. But some of the heat is kept by the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. That's what keeps Earth warm.
How do humans influence the greenhouse effect?
Human activities are changing Earth's natural greenhouse effect. Burning fuels (燃料) like coal and petrol puts more $\mathrm{CO}_2$ into our atmosphere. Too many of these greenhouse gases can cause Earth's atmosphere to hold more and more heat.
What brings down the greenhouse effect on Earth?
Plants can help a lot. All plants—from big trees to tiny plants in the ocean—take in $\mathrm{CO}_2$ and give off $\mathrm{O}_2$.
()1. What can a greenhouse do?
A. Keep the room bright.
B. Keep people warm in winter.
C. Keep the temperature warm inside.
()2. What is $\mathrm{CO}_2$ like in Earth's natural greenhouse effect?
A. The sun.
B. The plants.
C. The glass walls.
()3. What is the main reason for the increase in the greenhouse effect according to the passage?
A. The decrease of tiny plants in the ocean.
B. Human activities like burning fuels.
C. The change of Earth's natural temperature.
()4. According to the passage, how can we deal with the greenhouse effect?
A. By protecting plants in the ocean.
B. By recycling as many things as we can.
C. By burning fuels such as petrol and coal.
()5. What's the purpose of this passage?
A. To call on us to protect Earth.
B. To tell us what will happen next.
C. To provide information about Earth.
Have you noticed that the temperature is not so normal these days? The greenhouse effect (温室效应) is one of the reasons.
How does it work?
A greenhouse is a building with glass walls. During the daytime, sunlight shines into the greenhouse and warms the plants and air inside. At nighttime, it's colder outside, but the greenhouse stays warm inside. That's because the glass walls of the greenhouse keep the sun's heat inside.
The greenhouse effect works much the same way on Earth. Greenhouse gases in the air such as $\mathrm{CO}_2$ hold heat like the glass walls of a greenhouse. During the day, the sun shines and Earth's surface warms up in the sunlight. At night, Earth's surface cools, giving heat back into the air. But some of the heat is kept by the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. That's what keeps Earth warm.
How do humans influence the greenhouse effect?
Human activities are changing Earth's natural greenhouse effect. Burning fuels (燃料) like coal and petrol puts more $\mathrm{CO}_2$ into our atmosphere. Too many of these greenhouse gases can cause Earth's atmosphere to hold more and more heat.
What brings down the greenhouse effect on Earth?
Plants can help a lot. All plants—from big trees to tiny plants in the ocean—take in $\mathrm{CO}_2$ and give off $\mathrm{O}_2$.
()1. What can a greenhouse do?
A. Keep the room bright.
B. Keep people warm in winter.
C. Keep the temperature warm inside.
()2. What is $\mathrm{CO}_2$ like in Earth's natural greenhouse effect?
A. The sun.
B. The plants.
C. The glass walls.
()3. What is the main reason for the increase in the greenhouse effect according to the passage?
A. The decrease of tiny plants in the ocean.
B. Human activities like burning fuels.
C. The change of Earth's natural temperature.
()4. According to the passage, how can we deal with the greenhouse effect?
A. By protecting plants in the ocean.
B. By recycling as many things as we can.
C. By burning fuels such as petrol and coal.
()5. What's the purpose of this passage?
A. To call on us to protect Earth.
B. To tell us what will happen next.
C. To provide information about Earth.
答案
1.C
2.C
3.B
4.A
5.A
2.C
3.B
4.A
5.A
解析
【分析】做这类英语阅读理解选择题，需先通读原文把握大意，再针对每道题的题干关键词定位原文对应段落，对比选项找出最佳答案：1. 题干问温室的作用，关键词为greenhouse，定位第三段；2. 题干问CO₂的类似物，关键词为CO₂，定位第四段；3. 题干问温室效应增强的主要原因，关键词为increase greenhouse effect，定位人类活动相关段落；4. 题干问应对温室效应的方法，关键词为deal with greenhouse effect，定位植物相关段落；5. 题干问文章目的，需结合全文内容总结主旨。
【解析】1. 定位原文第三段“At nighttime, it's colder outside, but the greenhouse stays warm inside.”，可知温室的作用是保持内部温暖，A选项“保持房间明亮”未提及，B选项“冬天让人们温暖”是误解，故选C。2. 定位原文第四段“Greenhouse gases in the air such as CO₂ hold heat like the glass walls of a greenhouse.”，明确CO₂类似玻璃墙，A选项太阳、B选项植物均不符合，故选C。3. 定位原文“How do humans influence the greenhouse effect?”部分，提到“Burning fuels like coal and petrol puts more CO₂ into our atmosphere. Too many of these greenhouse gases can cause Earth's atmosphere to hold more and more heat.”，说明人类活动（燃烧燃料）是温室效应增强的主要原因，A选项海洋微型植物减少、C选项地球自然温度变化均未提及，故选B。4. 定位原文“What brings down the greenhouse effect on Earth?”部分，指出“Plants can help a lot. All plants—from big trees to tiny plants in the ocean—take in CO₂ and give off O₂.”，应对方法与植物相关，A选项“保护海洋植物”符合，B选项回收、C选项燃烧燃料均不符合，故选A。5. 全文介绍了温室效应的原理、人类活动的影响及应对措施，最终目的是呼吁保护地球，B选项“告知接下来会发生什么”、C选项“提供地球信息”均未体现呼吁性，故选A。
【答案】1.C 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.A
【知识点】英语阅读理解、科普类阅读、细节理解题
【点评】本题为英语科普类阅读理解，侧重考查学生对原文细节信息的定位能力和主旨大意的归纳能力，题目难度适中，需学生仔细阅读原文，准确匹配题干与原文内容。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】1. 定位原文第三段“At nighttime, it's colder outside, but the greenhouse stays warm inside.”，可知温室的作用是保持内部温暖，A选项“保持房间明亮”未提及，B选项“冬天让人们温暖”是误解，故选C。2. 定位原文第四段“Greenhouse gases in the air such as CO₂ hold heat like the glass walls of a greenhouse.”，明确CO₂类似玻璃墙，A选项太阳、B选项植物均不符合，故选C。3. 定位原文“How do humans influence the greenhouse effect?”部分，提到“Burning fuels like coal and petrol puts more CO₂ into our atmosphere. Too many of these greenhouse gases can cause Earth's atmosphere to hold more and more heat.”，说明人类活动（燃烧燃料）是温室效应增强的主要原因，A选项海洋微型植物减少、C选项地球自然温度变化均未提及，故选B。4. 定位原文“What brings down the greenhouse effect on Earth?”部分，指出“Plants can help a lot. All plants—from big trees to tiny plants in the ocean—take in CO₂ and give off O₂.”，应对方法与植物相关，A选项“保护海洋植物”符合，B选项回收、C选项燃烧燃料均不符合，故选A。5. 全文介绍了温室效应的原理、人类活动的影响及应对措施，最终目的是呼吁保护地球，B选项“告知接下来会发生什么”、C选项“提供地球信息”均未体现呼吁性，故选A。
【答案】1.C 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.A
【知识点】英语阅读理解、科普类阅读、细节理解题
【点评】本题为英语科普类阅读理解，侧重考查学生对原文细节信息的定位能力和主旨大意的归纳能力，题目难度适中，需学生仔细阅读原文，准确匹配题干与原文内容。
【难度系数】0.7
