四、语法填空(10 分)
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It’s amazing that Jia Zijun, from Henan, went to the university at the age of 14. He became the 31. (young)freshman at Beihang University. “I didn’t know that until I got here, and it feels quite cool!” Jia said. Jia took the college entrance exam and got a total score of 642. People often think students like him must be 32. (true)smart. But Jia believes his success is from curiosity(好奇)and study habits.
As he went to high school, he found things were getting 33. (hard)to learn. So he started to make plans every day 34. (get)prepared ahead. Jia would also review what he learned each day before 35. (go)to bed. If there was something he couldn’t remember well, he’d take a look at it the next morning.
“I did not do well 36. English in high school, so I printed the vocabulary list and stuck it onto my bed. Every morning when I woke up, I looked through them, and it is a good way.”
When Jia 37. (feel)stressed, he had a special way to relax: working on math problems. “I’d find difficult problems to challenge 38. (me), and when I worked them out, I felt really happy.” He also exercises 39. (two)a day. He told the reporter that he hopes he can keep his curiosity and study habits in university, which makes a big 40. (different)to his life.

31. youngest 32. truly 33. harder
34. to get 35. going 36. in 37. felt
38. myself 39. twice 40. difference

【分析】
做这道语法填空题时，首先先通读全文，理清文章是介绍14岁考入北航的贾子君的学习经历，整体以过去叙事为核心语境。接下来逐个分析空格：首先判断空格处所需的词性、是否涉及比较级/最高级、固定搭配、非谓语规则等考点，结合上下文语义推导正确形式，最后再通读全文验证所有空格逻辑通顺、语法合规。比如看到空前有定冠词the优先考虑形容词最高级，看到介词后面的动词优先变动名词，看到修饰形容词的成分优先考虑用副词，遇到固定搭配回忆对应的介词和词形变化即可。
【解析】
31. 空格前有定冠词the，语境要表达“最年轻的新生”，需用形容词young的最高级形式，填youngest。
32. 空格后是形容词smart，修饰形容词需要用副词，true的副词形式为truly。
33. 语境暗含高中知识和之前学习内容的难度对比，表示“变得更难”，需用形容词hard的比较级harder。
34. 此处表达“每天制定计划”的目的是提前做好准备，用动词不定式作目的状语，填to get。
35. 空格前是介词before，介词后接动词需要用动名词形式，go的动名词为going。
36. 此处是固定搭配do well in，含义为“在某方面做得好”，填介词in。
37. 全文主体叙事时态为一般过去时，feel的过去式为felt。
38. 此处动作的发出者和指向的对象是同一个人，需要用反身代词表示“挑战自己”，me的反身代词为myself。
39. 此处要表达频率“一天两次”，用two对应的频率副词twice。
40. 此处是固定搭配make a difference，含义为“有影响、起作用”，需要把形容词different变为名词形式difference。
【答案】
31. youngest 32. truly 33. harder 34. to get 35. going 36. in 37. felt 38. myself 39. twice 40. difference
【知识点】
词形转换，固定搭配，动词时态
【点评】
本题属于记叙类基础语法填空，考点覆盖初中核心语法点，既考察了形容词最高级、反身代词、非谓语动词这类基础语法规则，也考察了常见固定短语的记忆，整体贴合学生日常学习场景，只要掌握基础语法知识、结合上下文语境推导就能顺利完成作答。
【难度系数】
0.7

五、完成句子(10 分)
41. 我今天有点儿累。
I am tired today.

41. kind of/a bit

【分析】
首先对比中英文给出的内容，能发现英文句子缺少对应中文“有点儿”含义、用来修饰形容词tired的两个单词的短语。我们只需要回忆已学的可直接修饰形容词、表“稍微、有点儿”含义的双词短语，筛选出符合空数要求、语义完全匹配的表达即可。
【解析】
本句需要填入两个单词的短语，放在形容词tired之前作程度状语，对应中文的“有点儿”含义。初中阶段常用的短语kind of和a bit都可以直接置于形容词前，表达“有点儿、稍微”的含义，完全契合句子语义，两个空刚好对应短语的两个单词，两个表达均符合要求。
【答案】
kind of/a bit
【知识点】
固定短语搭配；程度状语用法
【点评】
本题属于基础的固定搭配考察题，难度较低，学生只要平时积累过常见的程度修饰短语即可顺利作答，需要注意区分a bit（修饰形容词/副词）和a bit of（修饰名词）的不同用法，避免混淆出错。
【难度系数】
0.9

42. 昨天我看到的那只小狗和我家的宠物看起来很相似。
The little dog I saw yesterday my pet at home.

42. looked similar to

【分析】
首先我们对照中文原句和已给出的英文内容，定位空缺部分对应的中文含义是“看起来很相似”。第一步先匹配符合三个空要求、后可接比较对象的英语表达，回忆可得固定搭配look similar to，含义恰好是“和……看起来相似”。第二步查找时态标志，句中明确出现时间状语yesterday（昨天），说明描述的是过去的状态，谓语动词要使用一般过去时，把look变为过去式looked，刚好填满三个空，完全符合句子逻辑。
【解析】
1. 语义匹配：空缺部分需要表达“看起来很相似”，后接比较对象my pet，对应的标准英语固定搭配为look similar to。
2. 时态变形：句中时间状语yesterday表明描述的是过去发生的情况，谓语动词要用一般过去时，因此将look变形为过去式looked。
最终三个空依次填入looked、similar、to。
【答案】
looked similar to
【知识点】
1. similar固定搭配
2. 一般过去时
【点评】
本题是基础的英语短语填空题，考点指向明确，题干给出的yesterday时态提示非常清晰，只要熟记look similar to的常用搭配就能顺利得分，最常见的易错点是忽略过去时态要求，误将look写为原形。
【难度系数】
0.7

43. 我昨天在书店里意外地遇到了班主任。
I met my head teacher in the bookstore yesterday.

43. by accident

【分析】
首先对比题干的中文原句和已给出的英文部分，定位出两处空格需要对应翻译的语义是“意外地”，该部分在句中作状语修饰动词met，同时要求填入的内容是两个单词构成的短语。接下来我们回忆初中阶段学过的表示“偶然、意外”的双空固定短语，筛选出符合语义和空格数要求的表达即可。
【解析】
第一步：分析句子结构，剩余待填部分需要表达“意外地”的含义，作方式状语修饰谓语动词met，且只能填入2个单词。
第二步：匹配所学的固定短语，by accident是常用的固定搭配，含义为“偶然地、意外地”，完全符合空格数量、语义和语法要求，填入后句子通顺表意准确。
【答案】
by accident
【知识点】
固定短语搭配，汉译英填空
【点评】
本题属于基础的短语考查类题型，难度较低，核心是考察学生对课内常见短语的识记情况，平时积累短语时可以结合语义、适用场景分类记忆，遇到这类题就能快速匹配出正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.8

44. 他眼睛有点问题，由于这个原因，他上课必须戴眼镜。
There is something wrong with his eyes, and , he has to wear glasses in class.

44. for this reason

【分析】
首先观察空缺处需要填入3个单词，对应中文提示里的“由于这个原因”，需要回忆学过的表达该含义的三词英语固定短语，同时保证填入后可以衔接前半句“眼睛有问题”的前提和后半句“上课戴眼镜”的结果，符合句子的因果逻辑与语法规则，就能匹配到正确的对应表达。
【解析】
根据题干给出的中文语义“由于这个原因”，此处需要填入三个单词构成的短语作原因状语，衔接前后文的因果逻辑，符合词数要求、语义完全匹配的固定表达就是for this reason。
【答案】
for this reason
【知识点】
固定短语搭配；因果状语表达
【点评】
本题属于基础的短语识记类填空题，题干给出的中文提示指向性很强，只要学生平时积累了课本核心的表因果的固定短语，就可以快速得出答案，解题时注意区分同义不同表述的短语的词数差异，适配题干三个空的要求即可。
【难度系数】
0.8

45. 医生建议我们每天至少要喝八杯水来保持身体健康。
Doctors advise us to drink eight glasses of water every day to keep healthy.

45. at least

【分析】
首先对比中文原句和已给出的英文内容，定位到中文里“至少”这个缺失的语义部分，题目要求填入两个单词的短语来修饰后面的数量eight glasses of water，回忆表示“至少”的双词英语固定搭配，即可快速锁定正确表达。
【解析】
根据题干给出的中文句意，空格处需要表达“至少”的含义，符合两个单词要求、语义和用法都匹配的常用固定短语就是at least，放在数词前修饰数量，完全契合句子语法和表意逻辑。
【答案】
at least
【知识点】
常用介词短语，汉译英补全句子
【点评】
本题属于英语基础短语考查题，考查的at least是初中阶段要求掌握的高频常用短语，难度很低，只要学生平时熟记课本要求的基础短语，就能顺利完成填空，注意不要和含义相反的短语at most（至多）混淆即可。
【难度系数】
0.9

六、阅读表达(10 分)
阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。
Mark is a 16-year-old student. He has a very healthy life.
However, one year ago, he was not so healthy. From Monday to Friday, he studied every day but hardly did any sports. He often used the Internet. Although his parents asked him to exercise, he never did. He sometimes helped his mother with housework, but only once a week. On weekends, he liked watching TV. Then the bad result came; he became fat and caught colds easily. What’s worse, he had few friends.
One day, the doctor in his school talked with him. He told Mark to do more sports because it was good for his body and mind. From then on, Mark decided to change his habits. Now, he often does sports such as playing basketball and soccer. He plays less computer games. After dinner, he often takes a walk with his parents. Doing exercise helps him become healthy and study better. Now he also has more friends.
46. What kind of life did Mark have one year ago?

47. How often did Mark help his mother with the housework?

48. What did Mark like doing on weekends?

49. Why did the doctor ask Mark to do sports?

50. What kind of sports does Mark often do now?

46. He had an unhealthy life./He didn't have a healthy life.
47. Once a week./ Mark helped his mother with the housework once a week.
48. Watching TV./ Mark liked watching TV on weekends.
49. Because it was good for his body and mind.
50. Basketball and soccer./ Mark often plays basketball and soccer now.

【分析】
这是细节类英语阅读表达题，所有答案都能从原文直接定位获取，解题思路如下：1. 先逐个读题干，明确每个问题的核心询问方向，分别对应过去的生活状态、做家务的频率、周末爱好、医生要求运动的原因、现在常做的运动；2. 带着问题返回原文，匹配题干里的关键词找到对应的语句；3. 提取对应信息整理成符合语法规范的回答即可，不需要额外做拓展推理。
【解析】
46. 定位原文第一段内容：Mark现在拥有健康的生活，转折词However后明确说明一年前他并不健康，由此得出他一年前的生活状态，对应答案为He had an unhealthy life./He didn't have a healthy life.
47. 定位原文第一段描述Mark做家务的语句：He sometimes helped his mother with housework, but only once a week，直接提取对应的频率信息即可，对应答案为Once a week./ Mark helped his mother with the housework once a week.
48. 定位原文第一段描述周末活动的语句：On weekends, he liked watching TV，提取对应的爱好内容即可，对应答案为Watching TV./ Mark liked watching TV on weekends.
49. 定位原文第二段医生和Mark谈话的内容：He told Mark to do more sports because it was good for his body and mind，直接提取对应的原因即可，对应答案为Because it was good for his body and mind.
50. 定位原文第二段描述Mark现在运动习惯的语句：Now, he often does sports such as playing basketball and soccer，提取对应的运动项目即可，对应答案为Basketball and soccer./ Mark often plays basketball and soccer now.
【答案】
46. He had an unhealthy life./He didn't have a healthy life.
47. Once a week./ Mark helped his mother with the housework once a week.
48. Watching TV./ Mark liked watching TV on weekends.
49. Because it was good for his body and mind.
50. Basketball and soccer./ Mark often plays basketball and soccer now.
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位；阅读简答作答；原文信息提取
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的阅读表达题型，所有考点都是原文直接给出的细节信息，不需要复杂推理，主要考察学生快速锁定文章关键信息、准确提取内容并规范组织简答语言的能力，做题时细心对应题干关键词查找原文，很容易拿到满分。
【难度系数】
0.8