① In English, the given names come first and the family names come last. Family names are also called last names. Westerners(西方人) get their family names in different ways.
② Some family names such as Smith and Cook are all about a person's job. Take John Smith, for example. Here "Smith" means the name of a job as well as Miller and Fisher.
③ Some Westerners get their family names from their living places such as Bush, Cliff and Lake. So does the famous painter Leonardo da Vinci.
④ Some family names are from colours. For example, the family name Black means "the black colour" and White means "the white colour". Larry Brown, a famous basketball player in America, also gets his family name from colours.
⑤ Other family names are from the name of a parent. For example, "David's son" becomes Davidson, and "Peter's son" becomes Peterson.
⑥ The last names are really interesting, right? What does your last name mean? Let's find more on the internet.
任务一 选择正确答案
1. What is the family name "Smith" about in the passage?
A. A place name.
B. A colour.
C. A job.
D. A name of a parent.
2. Where might Leonardo da Vinci's family live a long time ago(以前) according to his name?
A. In New York.
B. In Sydney.
C. In Paris.
D. In Vinci.
3. In how many ways do Westerners get family names according to the passage?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Two.
4.（创新考法·篇章结构）What's the structure（结构）of the passage?
A. B.
C. D.
任务二 回答问题（每个题目的答案不超过5个单词）
1. What does "Cook" tell about ancestors(祖先)?

2. What did ancestors of "Bush" live near?

3. How do some get family names from colours?

4. What does "Davidson" mean?

5. Should everyone have a family name? Why?

任务一
1. C
2. D 推理判断题。根据“Some Westerners get their family names from their living places such as Bush, Cliff and Lake. So does the famous painter Leonardo da Vinci.”可知，他们可能生活在芬奇。
3. B
4. A 篇章结构题。分析全文可知，第一段引出话题；第二段至第五段分别叙述了四个获得姓氏的途径；第六段为总结。
任务二
1. Their job.
2. Bushes.
3. By using colour words.
4. David's son.
5. Yes. It shows family history.（言之有理即可）

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，分为任务一（选择题）和任务二（简答题）。解题思路为：先通读全文，把握文章关于西方姓氏来源的核心内容；针对任务一的选择题，通过定位原文对应段落，分析选项与原文的匹配度得出答案；针对任务二的简答题，回到原文查找对应信息，按要求控制答案字数并组织语言。
【解析】
任务一：
1. 定位原文第二段“Some family names such as Smith and Cook are all about a person's job.”，可知Smith的姓氏来源是工作，选C。
2. 定位原文第三段“Some Westerners get their family names from their living places... So does the famous painter Leonardo da Vinci.”，可知达芬奇的姓氏来自居住地Vinci，选D。
3. 原文第二段（工作）、第三段（居住地）、第四段（颜色）、第五段（父母名字）共4种姓氏来源方式，选B。
4. 分析文章结构：第一段引出话题，第二至五段分述4种姓氏来源途径，第六段总结，对应选项A的总-分-总结构，选A。
任务二：
1. 由第二段可知Cook是关于工作的，故答案为Their job.
2. 由第三段可知Bush来自居住地，故答案为Bushes.
3. 由第四段可知姓氏来自颜色是用颜色词汇，故答案为By using colour words.
4. 由第五段可知Davidson是“David's son”，故答案为David's son.
5. 合理作答即可，如Yes. It shows family history.
【答案】
任务一：1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A
任务二：1. Their job. 2. Bushes. 3. By using colour words. 4. David's son. 5. Yes. It shows family history.（言之有理即可）
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、西方姓氏文化、篇章结构分析
【点评】
本题结合西方姓氏文化考查英语阅读理解能力，涵盖细节理解、推理判断、篇章结构分析等考点，需要学生准确定位原文信息，理解文章逻辑结构，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6