D 跨学科 太空碎片的构成、危险性及清理办法 (2026·宿迁泗洪期末)
The Shenzhou XX astronauts(宇航员) were planning to come back to Earth on Nov. 5. But they were delayed(延迟). This is because small space debris(碎片) might hit(撞击) their spaceship(宇宙飞船).
Space debris is made up of old things left in space, like broken satellites(卫星) and parts of rockets. Sometimes, astronauts might drop things, or little pieces might come off the spacecraft(航天器). Although most of the debris is small, it can still be very dangerous. This is because debris travels really fast in space. NASA said space debris can travel at more than 28,000 km/h. If space debris hits a spaceship, it can make holes or even lead to explosions(爆炸).
How do scientists clean up space debris?
Nets(网): In 2018, the UK's Surrey Space Centre did an experiment to catch debris with a net and a harpoon(鱼叉).
Shooting lasers(激光): A Japanese company plans to shoot lasers from spacecraft. The debris will then burn up(被烧毁).
Robotic arms: Scientists at the European Space Agency are working on making a robotic trash collector(机器人垃圾收集器). It has arms to catch the space debris.
()1. Why were the Shenzhou XX astronauts late for coming back to Earth?
A. Because the weather was very bad.
B. Because debris might hit their spaceship.
C. Because they wanted to work in space.
D. Because the spaceship had an explosion.
()2. According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT true?
A. Space debris can be very dangerous.
B. Space debris travels really fast.
C. Most of the space debris is small.
D. Space debris travels at over 2,800 km/h.
()3. How many ways are mentioned to clean up space debris?
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
()4. What tools did the UK's Surrey Space Centre use to catch space debris?
A. A net and a harpoon.
B. Robotic arms.
C. Shooting lasers.
D. Satellites.

D [文章大意]本文主要介绍了神舟二十号宇航员因太空碎片可能撞击飞船而延迟返回地球,还介绍了太空碎片的构成、危险性,以及科学家清理太空碎片的几种方法。
1. B [解析]细节理解题。根据“The Shenzhou XX astronauts(宇航员) were planning to come back to Earth on Nov.5. But they were delayed(延迟). This is because small space debris(碎片) might hit(撞击) their spaceship (宇宙飞船).”可知,神舟二十号宇航员延迟返回地球是因为太空碎片可能会撞击他们的飞船。故选 B。
2. D [解析]细节理解题。根据“Although most of the debris is small, it can still be very dangerous. This is because debris travels really fast in space. NASA said space debris can travel at more than 28,000 km/h.”可知,虽然大多数碎片都很小,但仍然很危险。碎片在太空中移动非常快,速度超过 28000 公里/小时,而不是 2800 公里/小时。故选 D。
3. B [解析]细节理解题。根据“Nets(网): In 2018, the UK's Surrey Space Centre did an experiment to catch debris with a net and a harpoon(鱼叉).”“Shooting lasers(激光): A Japanese company plans to shoot lasers from spacecraft. The debris will then burn up(被烧毁).”和“Robotic arms: Scientists at the European Space Agency are working on making a robotic trash collector(机器人垃圾收集器). It has arms to catch the space debris.”可知,文中提到了用网和鱼叉、激光及机械臂三种清理太空碎片的方法。故选 B。
4. A [解析]细节理解题。根据“Nets(网): In 2018, the UK's Surrey Space Centre did an experiment to catch debris with a net and a harpoon(鱼叉).”可知,英国萨里太空中心用网和鱼叉捕捉太空碎片。故选 A。