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C
Imagine you are collecting some information about winter traditions in northern China. You click on a link for a useful video. The video, however, takes time to load(下载). After ten seconds, it hasn't even started playing yet. Will you continue to wait patiently?
Ramesh Sitaraman is an American computer scientist. He placed 6.7 million people in a situation like the one above. According to his study, people would begin giving up on a video after only two seconds if it still hadn't started loading yet. And with every additional(额外的) second that passes without the video starting to play, another 5.8 per cent of them would close it.
Sitaraman's study shows people are becoming less and less patient. Because of the faster and faster Internet speeds, we are used to receiving "instant gratification(及时满足)". We expect to get what we want without having to wait. When we don't get what we want at once, we become worried or even angry. This happens not only in front of our screens.
Take one of my friends for example. One day last summer, he was cycling home after work. At one crossing, he had to stop because of a red traffic light. After waiting for 30 seconds, he felt impatient and made a crazy decision—go in whichever direction he saw there was a green light. The decision didn't really save him time. In fact, he took a detour and needed 20 minutes more than usual to get back home.
My friend is not alone. Whenever there are traffic jams, many drivers try to quickly change lanes(变道)—which is a main reason for accidents. Being patient doesn't just save you trouble. It is also key to your success in life.
The next time you want to get instant gratification, ask yourself: Why are you in such a hurry? Are you worried about missing something important? Keep in mind that good things do take time.
( )38. x：the time people have to wait before the video begins
y：the number of the people who choose to wait for the video to start playing
According to Paragraph 2, which of the charts below shows the relationship(关系) between "x" and "y"?
()39. What does "took a detour" mean in Chinese in Paragraph 4?
A. 抄近道走
B. 长久等待
C. 原地转圈
D. 绕远路走
()40. What is the correct structure(结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2,...)
A. ①/②③/④⑤/⑥
B. ①②/③④⑤/⑥
C. ①②/③④/⑤⑥
D. ①/②③④/⑤⑥
()41. How does the writer feel about "instant gratification"?
A. The writer strongly supports it.
B. The writer doesn't agree about it.
C. The writer can't decide if it is right.
D. The writer shows great interest in it.
Imagine you are collecting some information about winter traditions in northern China. You click on a link for a useful video. The video, however, takes time to load(下载). After ten seconds, it hasn't even started playing yet. Will you continue to wait patiently?
Ramesh Sitaraman is an American computer scientist. He placed 6.7 million people in a situation like the one above. According to his study, people would begin giving up on a video after only two seconds if it still hadn't started loading yet. And with every additional(额外的) second that passes without the video starting to play, another 5.8 per cent of them would close it.
Sitaraman's study shows people are becoming less and less patient. Because of the faster and faster Internet speeds, we are used to receiving "instant gratification(及时满足)". We expect to get what we want without having to wait. When we don't get what we want at once, we become worried or even angry. This happens not only in front of our screens.
Take one of my friends for example. One day last summer, he was cycling home after work. At one crossing, he had to stop because of a red traffic light. After waiting for 30 seconds, he felt impatient and made a crazy decision—go in whichever direction he saw there was a green light. The decision didn't really save him time. In fact, he took a detour and needed 20 minutes more than usual to get back home.
My friend is not alone. Whenever there are traffic jams, many drivers try to quickly change lanes(变道)—which is a main reason for accidents. Being patient doesn't just save you trouble. It is also key to your success in life.
The next time you want to get instant gratification, ask yourself: Why are you in such a hurry? Are you worried about missing something important? Keep in mind that good things do take time.
( )38. x：the time people have to wait before the video begins
y：the number of the people who choose to wait for the video to start playing
According to Paragraph 2, which of the charts below shows the relationship(关系) between "x" and "y"?
()39. What does "took a detour" mean in Chinese in Paragraph 4?
A. 抄近道走
B. 长久等待
C. 原地转圈
D. 绕远路走
()40. What is the correct structure(结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2,...)
A. ①/②③/④⑤/⑥
B. ①②/③④⑤/⑥
C. ①②/③④/⑤⑥
D. ①/②③④/⑤⑥
()41. How does the writer feel about "instant gratification"?
A. The writer strongly supports it.
B. The writer doesn't agree about it.
C. The writer can't decide if it is right.
D. The writer shows great interest in it.
答案
C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了现如今“耐心”的重要性以及当我们快要失去耐心时，我们应该怎样做。
38. B 图示理解题。根据第二段内容可知，视频 2 秒未加载时，人们开始放弃，每多等 1 秒，就有 5.8%的人放弃。所以，在 2 秒后，y（愿意等待的人数）应随 x（等待时间）增加而持续下降，且呈线性递减趋势（每 1 秒固定减少 5.8%）。故选 B。
39. D 词义猜测题。根据第四段“The decision didn't really save him time. In fact, he took a detour and needed 20 minutes more than usual to get back home.”可知，他花的时间比平时长，走的路比平常多，所以推断出此处 took a detour 表示“绕远路走”。故选 D。
40. A 篇章结构题。根据全文可知，①通过下载视频的事情，让读者思考自己是否有耐心，总起引出下文；②③通过 Ramesh Sitaraman 的研究说明人们在使用电脑时耐心越来越少，并指出人们没有耐心的原因；④⑤通过作者朋友的例子指出了我们在生活中遇到事情或麻烦时同样没有耐心；⑥总结全文，提出增加耐心的建议。故选 A。
41. B 推理判断题。根据第六段“The next time you want to get instant gratification, ask yourself: … Keep in mind that good things do take time.”可知，作者希望在下次想立即得到满足时，请思考自己是否真的如此着急，如果不急着真的会错过一些重要的事情吗，最后作者提出做好事情需要时间，可推测作者不赞同即时满足。故选 B。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了现如今“耐心”的重要性以及当我们快要失去耐心时，我们应该怎样做。
38. B 图示理解题。根据第二段内容可知，视频 2 秒未加载时，人们开始放弃，每多等 1 秒，就有 5.8%的人放弃。所以，在 2 秒后，y（愿意等待的人数）应随 x（等待时间）增加而持续下降，且呈线性递减趋势（每 1 秒固定减少 5.8%）。故选 B。
39. D 词义猜测题。根据第四段“The decision didn't really save him time. In fact, he took a detour and needed 20 minutes more than usual to get back home.”可知，他花的时间比平时长，走的路比平常多，所以推断出此处 took a detour 表示“绕远路走”。故选 D。
40. A 篇章结构题。根据全文可知，①通过下载视频的事情，让读者思考自己是否有耐心，总起引出下文；②③通过 Ramesh Sitaraman 的研究说明人们在使用电脑时耐心越来越少，并指出人们没有耐心的原因；④⑤通过作者朋友的例子指出了我们在生活中遇到事情或麻烦时同样没有耐心；⑥总结全文，提出增加耐心的建议。故选 A。
41. B 推理判断题。根据第六段“The next time you want to get instant gratification, ask yourself: … Keep in mind that good things do take time.”可知，作者希望在下次想立即得到满足时，请思考自己是否真的如此着急，如果不急着真的会错过一些重要的事情吗，最后作者提出做好事情需要时间，可推测作者不赞同即时满足。故选 B。
解析
【分析】
这道题属于阅读理解中的图文匹配题型，解题时首先要定位到题干指定的第二段原文，提取两个核心信息：第一，人们是在等待视频加载超过2秒之后才开始放弃的，也就是说等待时长在0到2秒这个区间里，选择继续等待的人数y是保持初始总数不变的；第二，超过2秒后，每多等1秒，就有固定比例的人放弃等待，因此y会随着等待时间x的增加匀速线性下降，直到人数降为0。接下来我们逐一比对四个选项的图像特征，排除不符合规律的选项，就能得到正确答案。
【解析】
1. 提取原文关键规则：
根据第二段内容可知：
① 等待时长≤2秒时，人们尚未开始放弃，选择等待的人数y保持恒定，对应图像前半段为水平线段；
② 等待时长＞2秒时，每额外多1秒，就有5.8%的人关闭视频放弃等待，y随x增大匀速线性递减，最终降为0。
2. 逐一排除错误选项：
选项A：图像从x=0开始就持续下降，不符合“前2秒人数不变”的规则，错误；
选项C、D：图像中y随x增大持续上升，代表等待的人数越来越多，和题意完全相悖，错误；
选项B：前半段y保持水平，2秒之后开始匀速线性下降，完全符合提取的规则，正确。
【答案】B
【知识点】
细节信息提取，图文转换
【点评】
本题的易错点是很多学生只关注到“等待时间越长，愿意等待的人越少”，忽略了“2秒之后才开始出现放弃行为”这个关键时间分界点，容易误选A选项，解题时要精准定位原文的限定条件，不能遗漏细节。
【难度系数】
0.6
这道题属于阅读理解中的图文匹配题型，解题时首先要定位到题干指定的第二段原文，提取两个核心信息：第一，人们是在等待视频加载超过2秒之后才开始放弃的，也就是说等待时长在0到2秒这个区间里，选择继续等待的人数y是保持初始总数不变的；第二，超过2秒后，每多等1秒，就有固定比例的人放弃等待，因此y会随着等待时间x的增加匀速线性下降，直到人数降为0。接下来我们逐一比对四个选项的图像特征，排除不符合规律的选项，就能得到正确答案。
【解析】
1. 提取原文关键规则：
根据第二段内容可知：
① 等待时长≤2秒时，人们尚未开始放弃，选择等待的人数y保持恒定，对应图像前半段为水平线段；
② 等待时长＞2秒时，每额外多1秒，就有5.8%的人关闭视频放弃等待，y随x增大匀速线性递减，最终降为0。
2. 逐一排除错误选项：
选项A：图像从x=0开始就持续下降，不符合“前2秒人数不变”的规则，错误；
选项C、D：图像中y随x增大持续上升，代表等待的人数越来越多，和题意完全相悖，错误；
选项B：前半段y保持水平，2秒之后开始匀速线性下降，完全符合提取的规则，正确。
【答案】B
【知识点】
细节信息提取，图文转换
【点评】
本题的易错点是很多学生只关注到“等待时间越长，愿意等待的人越少”，忽略了“2秒之后才开始出现放弃行为”这个关键时间分界点，容易误选A选项，解题时要精准定位原文的限定条件，不能遗漏细节。
【难度系数】
0.6
