例1 计算:
(1)$\sqrt{2} × 3\sqrt{2}$;
(2)$3\sqrt{2} × 5\sqrt{8}$;
(3)$5\sqrt{x} · 6\sqrt{x^{3}}$。
【思路导析】(1)$\sqrt{2} × 3\sqrt{2} = 3 × (\sqrt{2})^{2}$,$(\sqrt{2})^{2} = 2$;
(2)$3\sqrt{2} × 5\sqrt{8} = 15\sqrt{16}$,$\sqrt{16} = 4$;
(3)$5\sqrt{x} · 6\sqrt{x^{3}} = 30\sqrt{x^{4}}$,$\sqrt{x^{4}} = \sqrt{(x^{2})^{2}} = x^{2}$。
【请你解答】
(1)$\sqrt{2} × 3\sqrt{2}$;
(2)$3\sqrt{2} × 5\sqrt{8}$;
(3)$5\sqrt{x} · 6\sqrt{x^{3}}$。
【思路导析】(1)$\sqrt{2} × 3\sqrt{2} = 3 × (\sqrt{2})^{2}$,$(\sqrt{2})^{2} = 2$;
(2)$3\sqrt{2} × 5\sqrt{8} = 15\sqrt{16}$,$\sqrt{16} = 4$;
(3)$5\sqrt{x} · 6\sqrt{x^{3}} = 30\sqrt{x^{4}}$,$\sqrt{x^{4}} = \sqrt{(x^{2})^{2}} = x^{2}$。
【请你解答】
答案
(1)
$\begin{aligned}&\sqrt{2} × 3\sqrt{2}\\=&3×(\sqrt{2}×\sqrt{2})\\=&3×(\sqrt{2})^{2}\\=&3× 2 \\=&6\end{aligned}$
(2)
$\begin{aligned}&3\sqrt{2} × 5\sqrt{8}\\=&(3×5)×\sqrt{2×8}\\=&15×\sqrt{16} \\=&15×4\\=&60\end{aligned}$
(3)
因为二次根式有意义,则$x≥0$,
$\begin{aligned}&5\sqrt{x} · 6\sqrt{x^{3}}\\=&(5×6)×\sqrt{x· x^{3}}\\=&30×\sqrt{x^{4}} \\=&30×\sqrt{(x^{2})^{2}}\\=&30x^{2}\end{aligned}$
$\begin{aligned}&\sqrt{2} × 3\sqrt{2}\\=&3×(\sqrt{2}×\sqrt{2})\\=&3×(\sqrt{2})^{2}\\=&3× 2 \\=&6\end{aligned}$
(2)
$\begin{aligned}&3\sqrt{2} × 5\sqrt{8}\\=&(3×5)×\sqrt{2×8}\\=&15×\sqrt{16} \\=&15×4\\=&60\end{aligned}$
(3)
因为二次根式有意义,则$x≥0$,
$\begin{aligned}&5\sqrt{x} · 6\sqrt{x^{3}}\\=&(5×6)×\sqrt{x· x^{3}}\\=&30×\sqrt{x^{4}} \\=&30×\sqrt{(x^{2})^{2}}\\=&30x^{2}\end{aligned}$
例2 计算:
(1)$\sqrt{49 × 144}$;(2)$\sqrt{18}$。
【思路导析】(1)$49 = 7^{2}$,$144 = 12^{2}$;(2)$18 = 2 × 9$,$9 = 3^{2}$。
【请你解答】
(1)$\sqrt{49 × 144}$;(2)$\sqrt{18}$。
【思路导析】(1)$49 = 7^{2}$,$144 = 12^{2}$;(2)$18 = 2 × 9$,$9 = 3^{2}$。
【请你解答】
答案
(1)
$\begin{aligned}&\sqrt{49×144} \\=&\sqrt{49}×\sqrt{144} \\=& 7×12\\=& 84\end{aligned}$
(2)
$\begin{aligned}&\sqrt{18} \\=&\sqrt{2×9} \\=&\sqrt{2}×\sqrt{9} \\=& 3\sqrt{2}\end{aligned}$
$\begin{aligned}&\sqrt{49×144} \\=&\sqrt{49}×\sqrt{144} \\=& 7×12\\=& 84\end{aligned}$
(2)
$\begin{aligned}&\sqrt{18} \\=&\sqrt{2×9} \\=&\sqrt{2}×\sqrt{9} \\=& 3\sqrt{2}\end{aligned}$
例3 计算或化简:
(1)$\sqrt{2\frac{1}{4} × \frac{16}{81}}$;(2)$\sqrt{a^{3}b^{5}}(a ≥ 0,b ≥ 0)$。
【探究点拨】
(1)$2\frac{1}{4} = \frac{9}{4}$,$\frac{9}{4} = (\frac{3}{2})^{2}$,$\frac{16}{81} = (\frac{4}{9})^{2}$;
(2)$\sqrt{a^{3}b^{5}} = \sqrt{a · a^{2} · b · b^{4}}$。
【规范解答】(1)$\sqrt{2\frac{1}{4} × \frac{16}{81}} = \sqrt{\frac{9}{4} × \frac{16}{81}}$
$= \sqrt{\frac{9}{4}} × \sqrt{\frac{16}{81}}$(积的算术平方根的性质)
$= \frac{3}{2} × \frac{4}{9}$(数的开方)
$= \frac{2}{3}$;(有理数的乘法)
(2)$\sqrt{a^{3}b^{5}} = \sqrt{a · a^{2} · b · b^{4}} = ab^{2}\sqrt{ab}$。(能开方的因数或因式移到根号外)
(1)$\sqrt{2\frac{1}{4} × \frac{16}{81}}$;(2)$\sqrt{a^{3}b^{5}}(a ≥ 0,b ≥ 0)$。
【探究点拨】
(1)$2\frac{1}{4} = \frac{9}{4}$,$\frac{9}{4} = (\frac{3}{2})^{2}$,$\frac{16}{81} = (\frac{4}{9})^{2}$;
(2)$\sqrt{a^{3}b^{5}} = \sqrt{a · a^{2} · b · b^{4}}$。
【规范解答】(1)$\sqrt{2\frac{1}{4} × \frac{16}{81}} = \sqrt{\frac{9}{4} × \frac{16}{81}}$
$= \sqrt{\frac{9}{4}} × \sqrt{\frac{16}{81}}$(积的算术平方根的性质)
$= \frac{3}{2} × \frac{4}{9}$(数的开方)
$= \frac{2}{3}$;(有理数的乘法)
(2)$\sqrt{a^{3}b^{5}} = \sqrt{a · a^{2} · b · b^{4}} = ab^{2}\sqrt{ab}$。(能开方的因数或因式移到根号外)
答案
(1)
$\sqrt{2\frac{1}{4} × \frac{16}{81}} = \sqrt{\frac{9}{4} × \frac{16}{81}}$
$ = \sqrt{\frac{9}{4}} × \sqrt{\frac{16}{81}}$
$ = \frac{3}{2} × \frac{4}{9} $
$= \frac{2}{3}$
(2)
$\sqrt{a^{3}b^{5}} $
$= \sqrt{a · a^{2} · b · b^{4}}$
$ = ab^{2}\sqrt{ab}$
$\sqrt{2\frac{1}{4} × \frac{16}{81}} = \sqrt{\frac{9}{4} × \frac{16}{81}}$
$ = \sqrt{\frac{9}{4}} × \sqrt{\frac{16}{81}}$
$ = \frac{3}{2} × \frac{4}{9} $
$= \frac{2}{3}$
(2)
$\sqrt{a^{3}b^{5}} $
$= \sqrt{a · a^{2} · b · b^{4}}$
$ = ab^{2}\sqrt{ab}$
1. 设$\sqrt{2} = a$,$\sqrt{3} = b$,则$\sqrt{2} × \sqrt{0.03}$可以表示为()
A.$\frac{ab}{100}$
B.$\frac{ab}{10}$
C.$10ab$
D.$\frac{1}{ab}$
A.$\frac{ab}{100}$
B.$\frac{ab}{10}$
C.$10ab$
D.$\frac{1}{ab}$
答案
B
解析
根据题意,将$\sqrt{0.03}$化简为$\sqrt{\frac{3}{100}} = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{10}$,
所以$\sqrt{2} × \sqrt{0.03} = \sqrt{2} × \frac{\sqrt{3}}{10} = \frac{\sqrt{2} × \sqrt{3}}{10}$。
由于$\sqrt{2} = a$,$\sqrt{3} = b$,因此原式可以表示为$\frac{ab}{10}$。
所以$\sqrt{2} × \sqrt{0.03} = \sqrt{2} × \frac{\sqrt{3}}{10} = \frac{\sqrt{2} × \sqrt{3}}{10}$。
由于$\sqrt{2} = a$,$\sqrt{3} = b$,因此原式可以表示为$\frac{ab}{10}$。
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