1. 直接写得数。
$\frac{3}{4}+\frac{1}{2}=$
$\frac{4}{5}-\frac{7}{10}=$
$\frac{4}{5}×\frac{1}{2}=$
$\frac{5}{6}÷\frac{2}{3}=$
$\frac{3}{4}+\frac{1}{2}=$
$\frac{4}{5}-\frac{7}{10}=$
$\frac{4}{5}×\frac{1}{2}=$
$\frac{5}{6}÷\frac{2}{3}=$
答案
$\frac{3}{4}+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{3}{4}+\frac{2}{4}=\frac{5}{4}$
$\frac{4}{5}-\frac{7}{10}=\frac{8}{10}-\frac{7}{10}=\frac{1}{10}$
$\frac{4}{5}×\frac{1}{2}=\frac{4×1}{5×2}=\frac{4}{10}=\frac{2}{5}$
$\frac{5}{6}÷\frac{2}{3}=\frac{5}{6}×\frac{3}{2}=\frac{15}{12}=\frac{5}{4}$
$\frac{4}{5}-\frac{7}{10}=\frac{8}{10}-\frac{7}{10}=\frac{1}{10}$
$\frac{4}{5}×\frac{1}{2}=\frac{4×1}{5×2}=\frac{4}{10}=\frac{2}{5}$
$\frac{5}{6}÷\frac{2}{3}=\frac{5}{6}×\frac{3}{2}=\frac{15}{12}=\frac{5}{4}$
2. 解方程。
$x+\frac{4}{5}x=\frac{3}{10}$
$\frac{5}{9}x-\frac{1}{3}x=\frac{5}{6}$
$\frac{5}{4}x+\frac{1}{6}=2$

$x+\frac{4}{5}x=\frac{3}{10}$
$\frac{5}{9}x-\frac{1}{3}x=\frac{5}{6}$
$\frac{5}{4}x+\frac{1}{6}=2$
答案
第一个方程:
解:
$x+\frac{4}{5}x=\frac{3}{10}$
$\frac{9}{5}x=\frac{3}{10}$
$x=\frac{3}{10}×\frac{5}{9}$
$x=\frac{1}{6}$
第二个方程:
解:
$\frac{5}{9}x-\frac{1}{3}x=\frac{5}{6}$
$\frac{5}{9}x-\frac{3}{9}x=\frac{5}{6}$
$\frac{2}{9}x=\frac{5}{6}$
$x=\frac{5}{6}×\frac{9}{2}$
$x=\frac{15}{4}$
第三个方程:
解:
$\frac{5}{4}x+\frac{1}{6}=2$
$\frac{5}{4}x=2-\frac{1}{6}$
$\frac{5}{4}x=\frac{11}{6}$
$x=\frac{11}{6}×\frac{4}{5}$
$x=\frac{22}{15}$
解:
$x+\frac{4}{5}x=\frac{3}{10}$
$\frac{9}{5}x=\frac{3}{10}$
$x=\frac{3}{10}×\frac{5}{9}$
$x=\frac{1}{6}$
第二个方程:
解:
$\frac{5}{9}x-\frac{1}{3}x=\frac{5}{6}$
$\frac{5}{9}x-\frac{3}{9}x=\frac{5}{6}$
$\frac{2}{9}x=\frac{5}{6}$
$x=\frac{5}{6}×\frac{9}{2}$
$x=\frac{15}{4}$
第三个方程:
解:
$\frac{5}{4}x+\frac{1}{6}=2$
$\frac{5}{4}x=2-\frac{1}{6}$
$\frac{5}{4}x=\frac{11}{6}$
$x=\frac{11}{6}×\frac{4}{5}$
$x=\frac{22}{15}$
3. 计算下面各题,注意使用简便算法。
$\frac{3}{7}×\frac{4}{5}+\frac{4}{7}÷\frac{5}{4}$
$1-\frac{5}{6}×\frac{4}{5}÷\frac{2}{3}$
$\frac{3}{5}÷(\frac{2}{3}+\frac{5}{6})÷\frac{7}{12}$
$\frac{3}{7}×\frac{4}{5}+\frac{4}{7}÷\frac{5}{4}$
$1-\frac{5}{6}×\frac{4}{5}÷\frac{2}{3}$
$\frac{3}{5}÷(\frac{2}{3}+\frac{5}{6})÷\frac{7}{12}$
答案
$\frac{3}{7}×\frac{4}{5}+\frac{4}{7}÷\frac{5}{4}$
$=\frac{3}{7}×\frac{4}{5}+\frac{4}{7}×\frac{4}{5}$
$=(\frac{3}{7}+\frac{4}{7})×\frac{4}{5}$
$=1×\frac{4}{5}$
$=\frac{4}{5}$
$1-\frac{5}{6}×\frac{4}{5}÷\frac{2}{3}$
$=1-\frac{2}{3}÷\frac{2}{3}$
$=1-1$
$=0$
$\frac{3}{5}÷(\frac{2}{3}+\frac{5}{6})÷\frac{7}{12}$
$=\frac{3}{5}÷(\frac{4}{6}+\frac{5}{6})÷\frac{7}{12}$
$=\frac{3}{5}÷\frac{9}{6}÷\frac{7}{12}$
$=\frac{3}{5}×\frac{6}{9}×\frac{12}{7}$
$=\frac{3}{5}×\frac{2}{3}×\frac{12}{7}$
$=\frac{2}{5}×\frac{12}{7}$
$=\frac{24}{35}$
$=\frac{3}{7}×\frac{4}{5}+\frac{4}{7}×\frac{4}{5}$
$=(\frac{3}{7}+\frac{4}{7})×\frac{4}{5}$
$=1×\frac{4}{5}$
$=\frac{4}{5}$
$1-\frac{5}{6}×\frac{4}{5}÷\frac{2}{3}$
$=1-\frac{2}{3}÷\frac{2}{3}$
$=1-1$
$=0$
$\frac{3}{5}÷(\frac{2}{3}+\frac{5}{6})÷\frac{7}{12}$
$=\frac{3}{5}÷(\frac{4}{6}+\frac{5}{6})÷\frac{7}{12}$
$=\frac{3}{5}÷\frac{9}{6}÷\frac{7}{12}$
$=\frac{3}{5}×\frac{6}{9}×\frac{12}{7}$
$=\frac{3}{5}×\frac{2}{3}×\frac{12}{7}$
$=\frac{2}{5}×\frac{12}{7}$
$=\frac{24}{35}$
4. 跑道1圈长$\frac{2}{5}$千米。刘叔叔跑了6圈,用了$\frac{3}{10}$小时,平均每小时跑多少千米?
答案
$\frac{2}{5}×6 = \frac{12}{5}$(千米)
$\frac{12}{5}÷\frac{3}{10} = 8$(千米)
答:平均每小时跑8千米。
$\frac{12}{5}÷\frac{3}{10} = 8$(千米)
答:平均每小时跑8千米。
5. 一桶油重15千克(不含桶),已经用了其中的$\frac{3}{5}$,剩下的平均装到6个瓶子里。每个瓶子装多少千克油?
答案
15×(1-$\frac{3}{5}$)÷6
=15×$\frac{2}{5}$÷6
=6÷6
=1(千克)
答:每个瓶子装1千克油。
=15×$\frac{2}{5}$÷6
=6÷6
=1(千克)
答:每个瓶子装1千克油。
6. 在$\boldsymbol{□}$里填合适的分数。
(1) $\boldsymbol{□}+\frac{5}{6}-\frac{16}{7}×\frac{7}{8}=28$
(2) $1+(\frac{4}{5}×\boldsymbol{□}-\frac{1}{5})=3$
(1) $\boldsymbol{□}+\frac{5}{6}-\frac{16}{7}×\frac{7}{8}=28$
(2) $1+(\frac{4}{5}×\boldsymbol{□}-\frac{1}{5})=3$
答案
(1)
$\frac{16}{7}×\frac{7}{8}=2$
$□ +\frac{5}{6}-2=28$
$□=28+2-\frac{5}{6}$
$□=30-\frac{5}{6}$
$□=29\frac{1}{6}$
(2)
$1+(\frac{4}{5}×□ -\frac{1}{5})=3$
$\frac{4}{5}×□ -\frac{1}{5}=3-1$
$\frac{4}{5}×□ -\frac{1}{5}=2$
$\frac{4}{5}×□=2+\frac{1}{5}$
$\frac{4}{5}×□=\frac{11}{5}$
$□=\frac{11}{5}÷\frac{4}{5}$
$□=\frac{11}{4}$
$\frac{16}{7}×\frac{7}{8}=2$
$□ +\frac{5}{6}-2=28$
$□=28+2-\frac{5}{6}$
$□=30-\frac{5}{6}$
$□=29\frac{1}{6}$
(2)
$1+(\frac{4}{5}×□ -\frac{1}{5})=3$
$\frac{4}{5}×□ -\frac{1}{5}=3-1$
$\frac{4}{5}×□ -\frac{1}{5}=2$
$\frac{4}{5}×□=2+\frac{1}{5}$
$\frac{4}{5}×□=\frac{11}{5}$
$□=\frac{11}{5}÷\frac{4}{5}$
$□=\frac{11}{4}$
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