二、读短文，用合适的关系代词和括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
Samuel Langhorne Clemens, 1. (know) by his pen name Mark Twain, was born in Florida, Missouri in 1835. He grew up in Hannibal, a small town on the Mississippi River. The river 2. (play) an important role in his childhood later became the setting for his most famous works.
Twain worked as a printer, a riverboat pilot, and a gold miner before becoming a writer. His job as a riverboat pilot gave him his pen name. “Mark twain” was a river term 3. (mean) “two fathoms (英寻) deep” —a safe depth for boats to pass.
His first great success was a short story 4. (call) The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County. He later wrote two novels, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, 5. many people (consider) to be masterpieces of American literature.

1. who / that was known 2. which / that played 3. which / that meant 4. which / that was called 5. which / that; consider

【分析】本题考查定语从句中关系代词的选用及动词的时态、语态，解题思路为：先确定每个空格对应的先行词（人或物），再根据先行词在定语从句中所作成分确定关系代词（who/that指人，which/that指物），最后根据先行词与从句动词的主被动关系及时态要求确定动词形式。
【解析】1. 先行词是表示人的Samuel Langhorne Clemens，在定语从句中作主语，关系代词用who/that；主语与know是被动关系，结合语境用一般过去时的被动语态，故填who / that was known。
2. 先行词是表示物的the river，在定语从句中作主语，关系代词用which/that；river与play是主动关系，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，故填which / that played。
3. 先行词是表示物的a river term，在定语从句中作主语，关系代词用which/that；term与mean是主动关系，描述过去的含义，用一般过去时，故填which / that meant。
4. 先行词是表示物的a short story，在定语从句中作主语，关系代词用which/that；story与call是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填which / that was called。
5. 第一个空：先行词是表示物的two novels，在定语从句中作主语，关系代词用which/that；第二个空：定语从句的主语是many people，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，故填which / that; consider。
【答案】1. who / that was known 2. which / that played 3. which / that meant 4. which / that was called 5. which / that; consider
【知识点】定语从句，关系代词，动词时态语态
【点评】本题围绕马克·吐温的生平展开，重点考查定语从句的核心用法，需准确判断先行词、关系代词及动词的主被动与时态，是英语语法的基础考点，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5

一、根据音标写出对应的单词
1. /'hjuːmə(r)/
2. /sə'veɪ/
3. /ə'laʊd/
4. /'dʒentlmən/
5. /'pɪti/
6. /jɑːd/
7. /sprɪŋ/
8. /'paɪlət/
9. /kən'sɜːn/
10. /sɔːt/

1. humour 2. survey 3. aloud 4. gentleman 5. pity 6. yard 7. spring 8. pilot 9. concern 10. sort

【分析】
本题要求根据给出的英语音标写出对应单词，解题时需回忆每个音标对应的常用英语单词，重点关注音标中的重音位置、字母及字母组合的发音规则，确保写出的单词拼写与音标匹配。
【解析】
1. 音标/'hjuːmə(r)/对应单词humour；2. 音标/sə'veɪ/对应单词survey；3. 音标/ə'laʊd/对应单词aloud；4. 音标/'dʒentlmən/对应单词gentleman；5. 音标/'pɪti/对应单词pity；6. 音标/jɑːd/对应单词yard；7. 音标/sprɪŋ/对应单词spring；8. 音标/'paɪlət/对应单词pilot；9. 音标/kən'sɜːn/对应单词concern；10. 音标/sɔːt/对应单词sort。
【答案】
1. humour 2. survey 3. aloud 4. gentleman 5. pity 6. yard 7. spring 8. pilot 9. concern 10. sort
【知识点】
根据音标写单词、英语词汇识记
【点评】
本题为英语基础题型，考查学生对常见单词音标与拼写的对应掌握情况，涉及的单词均为初中核心基础词汇，难度较低，平时注重词汇积累即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.8

二、根据括号中的中文提示完成对话
Jane: Mike! Have you read The Adventures of Tom Sawyer?
Mike: Yes, I have. It's really a great book.
Jane: Which character 1. (给你的印象最深)?
Mike: Tom Sawyer. 2. (他真的很令人惊叹).
He is always full of clever ideas.
Jane: What did he do?
Mike: Once his aunt asked him to paint a long fence. He tricked other boys into
doing it for him. 3. (他是最聪明的角色) I have ever read about.
Jane: That's true. But for me, Becky Thatcher impressed me the most.
Mike: Why? She didn't do much.
Jane: When she and Tom got lost in the cave, she was very scared, but she followed Tom bravely. 4. (我从没读到过更勇敢的角色) than her in that situation.

1. impresses you the most / leaves the deepest impression on you 2. He is really amazing 3. He is the smartest character 4. I have never read about a braver character

【分析】
本题为根据中文提示补全英语对话的题目，核心考查日常交际用语的汉译英能力，需结合对话语境，准确运用英语表达，同时注意形容词的级（最高级、比较级）及固定搭配的正确使用。解题时先明确每个中文提示的语义，再匹配对应的英语表达，确保语法合规、符合对话逻辑。
【解析】
1. “给你的印象最深”对应的英语固定表达为impresses you the most / leaves the deepest impression on you，符合语境；
2. “他真的很令人惊叹”用主系表结构翻译为He is really amazing，贴合口语表达；
3. “他是最聪明的角色”需用形容词最高级，译为He is the smartest character；
4. “我从没读到过更勇敢的角色”用比较级表最高级含义，译为I have never read about a braver character。
【答案】
1. impresses you the most / leaves the deepest impression on you 2. He is really amazing 3. He is the smartest character 4. I have never read about a braver character
【知识点】
汉译英应用、形容词的级、固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题为基础对话补全题，考查日常英语交际表达的汉译英能力，涉及形容词最高级、比较级的运用及固定搭配，难度适中，侧重基础英语表达的掌握。
【难度系数】
0.6