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三、语言运用(共 10 分)
8. 短文填空。(10 分)
阅读短文，在文中空白处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
Compass(指南针)
It was a great gift to the world from ancient China. 86.
Gunpowder(火药)
It was a great 88.
Paper-making
During the Western Han Dynasty, paper was made in some places in China. Cai Lun developed it in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He made writing 91.
Printing(印刷术)
In the Song Dynasty, Bi Sheng carved(雕刻) characters on pieces of clay(陶土)and wood. Then he put ink on them. After the characters 93.
8. 短文填空。(10 分)
阅读短文，在文中空白处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
Compass(指南针)
It was a great gift to the world from ancient China. 86.
Before
people invented the compass, sailors had to depend on the stars to find direction. But after people invented it, the seas were open to travel. Also, people used the compass to discover many new 87. places
(place).Gunpowder(火药)
It was a great 88.
invention
(invent) in ancient China. The correct way of making gun powder was probably discovered in the 89. ninth
(nine) century. At first, it was used for making fireworks. 90. At
the end of the Tang Dynasty, people began to use it in wars.Paper-making
During the Western Han Dynasty, paper was made in some places in China. Cai Lun developed it in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He made writing 91.
much
easier than before with the help of paper. Before it was invented, the ancient Chinese used animal bones (骨头)and stones 92. to write
(write) characters. They also wrote them on bamboo and wooden sticks.Printing(印刷术)
In the Song Dynasty, Bi Sheng carved(雕刻) characters on pieces of clay(陶土)and wood. Then he put ink on them. After the characters 93.
were
printed on paper, the pieces of clay or wood could be used again. It was 94. a
good way at that time. This technology spread 95. quickly
(quick) to Korea, Japan and Europe.答案
86. Before 87. places 88. invention 89. ninth 90. At 91. much 92. to write 93. were 94. a 95. quickly
解析
【分析】
先通读短文，明确文章围绕中国古代四大发明展开，需结合语境、语法规则、固定搭配、词性变化等逐一分析每个空白处：
1. 86空：由后文“after people invented it（发明它之后）”可知，此处表“发明之前”，填连词Before；
2. 87空：many后接可数名词复数，故将place变为复数places；
3. 88空：great是形容词，后需接名词，invent的名词形式为invention；
4. 89空：表示“第九世纪”，需用序数词ninth；
5. 90空：固定搭配at the end of，意为“在……末期”，填At；
6. 91空：修饰比较级easier，需用副词much加强程度；
7. 92空：固定搭配use sth to do sth，故填不定式to write；
8. 93空：主语characters是print的承受者，用一般过去时被动语态，复数形式填were；
9. 94空：表“一个好方法”，good以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a；
10. 95空：修饰动词spread，需用副词quickly。
【解析】
86. 根据语境“在人们发明指南针之前”，填连词Before；
87. many后接可数名词复数，故填places；
88. 形容词great后接名词，invent的名词形式为invention；
89. 表示“第九世纪”，用序数词ninth；
90. 固定搭配at the end of，填At；
91. 修饰比较级easier，用副词much；
92. 固定搭配use sth to do sth，填to write；
93. 主语characters与print是被动关系，一般过去时被动语态复数形式为were；
94. 表泛指“一个好方法”，good以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a；
95. 修饰动词spread，用副词quickly。
【答案】
86. Before 87. places 88. invention 89. ninth 90. At 91. much 92. to write 93. were 94. a 95. quickly
【知识点】
连词用法、名词单复数、词性转换、固定搭配、被动语态
【点评】
本题围绕中国古代四大发明设置短文填空，综合考查学生对英语词汇、语法及固定搭配的掌握，需结合语境分析，属于基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
先通读短文，明确文章围绕中国古代四大发明展开，需结合语境、语法规则、固定搭配、词性变化等逐一分析每个空白处：
1. 86空：由后文“after people invented it（发明它之后）”可知，此处表“发明之前”，填连词Before；
2. 87空：many后接可数名词复数，故将place变为复数places；
3. 88空：great是形容词，后需接名词，invent的名词形式为invention；
4. 89空：表示“第九世纪”，需用序数词ninth；
5. 90空：固定搭配at the end of，意为“在……末期”，填At；
6. 91空：修饰比较级easier，需用副词much加强程度；
7. 92空：固定搭配use sth to do sth，故填不定式to write；
8. 93空：主语characters是print的承受者，用一般过去时被动语态，复数形式填were；
9. 94空：表“一个好方法”，good以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a；
10. 95空：修饰动词spread，需用副词quickly。
【解析】
86. 根据语境“在人们发明指南针之前”，填连词Before；
87. many后接可数名词复数，故填places；
88. 形容词great后接名词，invent的名词形式为invention；
89. 表示“第九世纪”，用序数词ninth；
90. 固定搭配at the end of，填At；
91. 修饰比较级easier，用副词much；
92. 固定搭配use sth to do sth，填to write；
93. 主语characters与print是被动关系，一般过去时被动语态复数形式为were；
94. 表泛指“一个好方法”，good以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a；
95. 修饰动词spread，用副词quickly。
【答案】
86. Before 87. places 88. invention 89. ninth 90. At 91. much 92. to write 93. were 94. a 95. quickly
【知识点】
连词用法、名词单复数、词性转换、固定搭配、被动语态
【点评】
本题围绕中国古代四大发明设置短文填空，综合考查学生对英语词汇、语法及固定搭配的掌握，需结合语境分析，属于基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
