二、根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。
Antarctica is the coldest place on the earth，but every year thousands of tourists go there. There are no famous buildings，no hotels，or even no restaurants in Antarctica. There are some beaches，but perhaps nobody wants to swim there. 1.
Most people go there to see animals and enjoy the amazing scenery. There are whales swimming in the ocean. 2. You can also watch penguins jumping into the water from icebergs(冰山). It's one of the last untouched places on the planet.
It's possible to visit Antarctica by plane，but most people go there by ship. 3. In fact，the journey by sea is part of the holidays. Almost all tourists visit Antarctica in summer. In winter，it's too cold，but in summer，from November to March，it's warmer than many people think.
4. So it can be warmer there than it is in Beijing in January. When you go there，you don't need to bring a lot of special clothes. Instead，you need to bring sunglasses. The sunshine on the snow and ice is very bright.
5. During the summer months，there are a lot of scientists and other people staying and working there. A few of them may probably stay for the long and dark winter. Tourists can visit some of these people and learn about their work in this amazing place.
A. There are seals(海豹)lying on the ice.
B. Tourists are not the only people who go to Antarctica.
C. In some parts of Antarctica，it's about 0°C in January.
D. That's because ships are comfortable places to stay.
E. Then why do people want to take holidays in Antarctica?

1—5 EADCB

【分析】
这是典型的语篇补全类阅读题，解题思路如下：第一步先通读全文，明确文章核心是介绍南极旅游的相关情况，梳理整体行文逻辑；第二步逐个分析每个空缺处的前后文内容，寻找句间的逻辑关联、关键词对应关系，逐一匹配选项排除不符项：
1. 第1空前文一直在说南极环境恶劣，没有常规旅游配套设施，没人愿意在海滩游泳，后文直接介绍人们去南极的目的，明显缺少一个引出下文的设问句，对应匹配相关选项。
2. 第2空前后分别提到了鲸鱼、企鹅两种南极动物，空缺处属于并列的动物场景描写，找对应动物相关的选项即可。
3. 第3空前说多数人选坐船去南极，后文说海上航行本身就是假期的一部分，空缺处需要解释人们选择坐船的原因。
4. 第4空后文出现了"So"表因果，说南极部分区域比1月的北京还暖和，空缺处需要给出和温度相关的原因描述。
5. 第5空后文提到有大量科学家和工作人员在南极驻留工作，说明去南极的不只有游客，对应匹配相关选项。
【解析】
1. 第1空：前文罗列南极不适合常规度假的种种劣势，后文回答人们去南极的目的是看动物和赏景，E选项"Then why do people want to take holidays in Antarctica?"起到承上启下的设问作用，符合逻辑，选E。
2. 第2空：前后句分别介绍了海洋里的鲸鱼、冰山上跳海的企鹅，都是南极特色动物，A选项"There are seals lying on the ice."是并列的南极动物描写，衔接自然，选A。
3. 第3空：前文提到多数人选择坐船而非乘飞机去南极，后文说海上旅程本身就是假期的一部分，D选项"That's because ships are comfortable places to stay."解释了人们选择坐船出行的原因，逻辑通顺，选D。
4. 第4空：后文用"So"引出结论：南极部分区域1月比北京还暖和，C选项"In some parts of Antarctica, it's about 0°C in January."给出了温度相关的前提，构成因果关系，选C。
5. 第5空：后文提到夏季有大量科学家和其他工作人员在南极驻留工作，B选项"Tourists are not the only people who go to Antarctica."刚好引出后文的非游客群体，衔接合理，选B。
【答案】
1—5 EADCB
【知识点】
1. 阅读补全技巧
2. 上下文逻辑推理
3. 语篇衔接
【点评】
本题属于初中英语常见的五选五阅读还原题型，整体难度适中，没有过多生僻词汇，主要考察学生对语篇行文逻辑的把控能力，学生只要抓住句间的并列、因果、设问等逻辑关系，对应前后文的关键词就能快速锁定正确选项，能有效锻炼学生的语篇整体阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.7

三、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
success high suffer confident though quite climb among they work
Zhang Hong is a visually impaired(视觉受损的)Chinese climber. He 1. up to the top of Qomolangma from the Nepali side on Monday morning. After that，he became the first blind person from Asia ever to reach the world's 2. mountain.
Jaya Bahadur Tamang，an official from a famous adventure company，said that Zhang and his team started moving up to the top on Sunday night from South Col. They reached the top at 9：00 a.m. on Monday. Zhang Hong was 3. the few climbers who dared to go to the top of Qomolangma 4. there were strong winds in the mountain.
Zhang Hong was born in Chongqing. He nearly lost his sight because he 5. from glaucoma(青光眼)at the age of 21. He now 6. at a hospital in Xizang. As he began to return from the top of Qomolangma，one of his workmates in the hospital felt proud to hear the news of his 7. .
“Many people may doubt his effort of climbing at first，but I am 8. ______ in him at the beginning，”said Kyila，who is also visually impaired. “I am 9. ______ excited and feel proud of him. ”“He sets a good example for the blind people and encourages 10. ______ to achieve great dreams，”added Kyila.

1. climbed 2. highest 3. among 4. though 5. suffered 6. works 7. success 8. confident 9. quite 10. them

【分析】
做这类选词完成短文的题目，首先第一步要先通读全文，把握文章核心主题：本文讲述了中国视障登山者张洪成功登顶珠峰，成为亚洲首位登顶珠峰的盲人的励志故事，整体时态以一般过去时和一般现在时为主。第二步先逐一明确方框内给出的10个提示词的词义和词性，预判可能的变形方向。第三步逐空分析上下文的语义、句子结构，判断空格所需的词性、时态、词形变化，从剩余备选词中匹配最合适的选项，同时注意每词限用一次，填完后要回读全文验证语句是否通顺、逻辑是否合理。
【解析】
1. 空1：句意为“他在周一早上从尼泊尔一侧登上了珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰”，描述过去发生的动作，选提示词climb，用一般过去时，变形为climbed。
2. 空2：句意为“在那之后，他成为了有史以来第一个登上世界最高山峰的亚洲盲人”，珠穆朗玛峰是世界最高峰，定冠词the后接形容词最高级，提示词high的最高级是highest。
3. 空3：句意为“张洪是为数不多敢于登顶珠峰的登山者之一”，among the few...是固定表达，意为“在为数不多的……之中”，选介词among。
4. 空4：句意为“尽管山上有强风，他还是敢于登顶珠峰”，前后为让步逻辑关系，选连词though引导让步状语从句。
5. 空5：句意为“他21岁时因为患上青光眼几乎完全失明”，suffer from是固定搭配表示“患病、遭受……折磨”，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时suffered。
6. 空6：句意为“他现在在西藏的一家医院工作”，时间状语now表示当前常态，主语是he，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，选work变形为works。
7. 空7：句意为“他医院的一位同事听到他成功的消息感到非常骄傲”，形容词性物主代词his后接名词，提示词success是名词“成功”，符合语义。
8. 空8：句意为“很多人一开始可能会质疑他登山的付出，但我从一开始就对他很有信心”，be confident in sb.是固定搭配，表示“对某人有信心”，选形容词confident。
9. 空9：句意为“我相当激动，为他感到骄傲”，空格处需要副词修饰后面的形容词excited，提示词quite是副词“相当、非常”，符合语义。
10. 空10：句意为“他为盲人树立了好榜样，鼓励他们实现伟大的梦想”，动词encourage后接人称代词的宾格作宾语，提示词they的宾格是them。
【答案】
1. climbed 2. highest 3. among 4. though 5. suffered 6. works 7. success 8. confident 9. quite 10. them
【知识点】
选词填空，词形变换，固定搭配
【点评】
本题选用励志人物的真实事迹作为语篇，兼具思想性和知识性，既考查学生对整篇短文逻辑语义的梳理能力，也针对性考查了动词时态、形容词最高级、代词宾格变形以及常见固定短语的掌握情况，解题时需要注意结合空格前后的提示信息判断所需词形，避免出现形式误用的错误。
【难度系数】
0.6