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Ⅰ.完形填空。
The Taklimakan Desert in Xinjiang is China's largest desert, covering an area of about 337,600 km².
Strong winds often blow across the desert, carrying large amounts of 1 into the air. This makes the desert a 2 cause of sandstorms. To control sandstorms, people came up with an idea: to build a green belt around the desert. Efforts to make that began in 1978. Forty-six years later, the belt was finally 3. In November 2024, many trees were planted in Yutian County, the final place of the belt.
The green belt has clear advantages. It not only serves as a protection 4 the sand, but also is helpful for farming.
Actually, the Taklimakan Desert control project is part of China's Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program (TSFP). Since 1978, China has increased its forest area by 32 million hectares through the program, 5 the country's northwest, north and northeast.
()1. A. ice B. sand C. stone D. snow
()2. A. single B. basic C. main D. correct
()3. A. completed B. included C. guarded D. remained
()4. A. over B. against C. for D. with
()5. A. covering B. clearing C. pushing D. developing
The Taklimakan Desert in Xinjiang is China's largest desert, covering an area of about 337,600 km².
Strong winds often blow across the desert, carrying large amounts of 1 into the air. This makes the desert a 2 cause of sandstorms. To control sandstorms, people came up with an idea: to build a green belt around the desert. Efforts to make that began in 1978. Forty-six years later, the belt was finally 3. In November 2024, many trees were planted in Yutian County, the final place of the belt.
The green belt has clear advantages. It not only serves as a protection 4 the sand, but also is helpful for farming.
Actually, the Taklimakan Desert control project is part of China's Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program (TSFP). Since 1978, China has increased its forest area by 32 million hectares through the program, 5 the country's northwest, north and northeast.
()1. A. ice B. sand C. stone D. snow
()2. A. single B. basic C. main D. correct
()3. A. completed B. included C. guarded D. remained
()4. A. over B. against C. for D. with
()5. A. covering B. clearing C. pushing D. developing
答案
1.B 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.A
解析
【分析】
这是一篇关于中国塔克拉玛干沙漠治理的完形填空，需结合上下文语境、词汇词义及固定搭配逐一分析选项解题。第1题根据沙漠特征判断大风携带的物质；第2题结合语境选择形容沙尘暴原因的形容词；第3题根据时间线判断林带的状态；第4题考查固定搭配；第5题根据句子结构选择合适的现在分词。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据前文“Strong winds often blow across the desert”，沙漠中大风携带的是沙子，选项B（sand）符合语境，A（ice）、C（stone）、D（snow）均不符合沙漠特征，故选B。
2. 第2题：结合语境，沙漠大风携带沙子是沙尘暴的主要原因，“main cause”表示“主要原因”，A（single）、B（basic）、D（correct）不符合，故选C。
3. 第3题：前文提到1978年开始建绿色林带，46年后最终完成，“completed”表示“完成”，B（included）、C（guarded）、D（remained）不符合，故选A。
4. 第4题：固定搭配“protection against”意为“抵御……的保护”，此处指林带抵御沙子，A（over）、C（for）、D（with）搭配不当，故选B。
5. 第5题：此处用现在分词作伴随状语，“covering”表示“覆盖”，指项目覆盖西北、华北、东北，B（clearing）、C（pushing）、D（developing）不符合，故选A。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.A
【知识点】
完形填空、词汇辨析、固定搭配
【点评】
本题围绕沙漠治理话题，考查学生对语境的理解及词汇、固定搭配的运用能力，贴近生活实际，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇关于中国塔克拉玛干沙漠治理的完形填空，需结合上下文语境、词汇词义及固定搭配逐一分析选项解题。第1题根据沙漠特征判断大风携带的物质；第2题结合语境选择形容沙尘暴原因的形容词；第3题根据时间线判断林带的状态；第4题考查固定搭配；第5题根据句子结构选择合适的现在分词。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据前文“Strong winds often blow across the desert”，沙漠中大风携带的是沙子，选项B（sand）符合语境，A（ice）、C（stone）、D（snow）均不符合沙漠特征，故选B。
2. 第2题：结合语境，沙漠大风携带沙子是沙尘暴的主要原因，“main cause”表示“主要原因”，A（single）、B（basic）、D（correct）不符合，故选C。
3. 第3题：前文提到1978年开始建绿色林带，46年后最终完成，“completed”表示“完成”，B（included）、C（guarded）、D（remained）不符合，故选A。
4. 第4题：固定搭配“protection against”意为“抵御……的保护”，此处指林带抵御沙子，A（over）、C（for）、D（with）搭配不当，故选B。
5. 第5题：此处用现在分词作伴随状语，“covering”表示“覆盖”，指项目覆盖西北、华北、东北，B（clearing）、C（pushing）、D（developing）不符合，故选A。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.A
【知识点】
完形填空、词汇辨析、固定搭配
【点评】
本题围绕沙漠治理话题，考查学生对语境的理解及词汇、固定搭配的运用能力，贴近生活实际，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
Ⅱ.【本土文化】任务型阅读。
About 2,300 years ago, the Minjiang River flooded the towns around Chengdu every spring. The emperor of the Qin Dynasty asked the governor（太守）, Li Bing, who was a skilled water engineer, to solve this problem.
The common way to stop floods was to build a wall across the river, called a dam（拦河坝）. However, the emperor also needed ships to use the river to send food to his army. This meant a dam could not be built. Li Bing had to find another way. After careful study, he created a wonderful plan—a plan that still works today!
With the help of his son and tens of thousands of workers, Li Bing built a man-made island in the middle of the river. This island, shaped like a fish, divided the river into two parts: an inner river and an outer river. The inner river was deeper but narrower（更窄的）.
It took four years to complete!
Li Bing also decided to cut a channel（渠道）through Mount Yulei. This channel would stop the farmland from being flooded and take water to irrigate（灌溉）the crops. However, the rock of Mount Yulei was very hard. His workers worked on it by first heating the rock with fire and then cooling it with water quickly. This made the rock crack（破裂）and break, so it could be moved away more easily. This difficult task took eight years.
After Li Bing’s project was finished, the floods were stopped. The river flowed（流动）naturally, and because there was no dam, ships and fish could pass freely. Dujiangyan irrigation system helped farmers grow much more food, making Sichuan the most productive area in China.
Even today, Li Bing’s great work lives on and is seen as a wonderful example of ancient engineering.
根据短文内容,回答下列问题。
6. How often did the Minjiang River flood the towns around Chengdu about 2,300 years ago?
7. Why didn’t Li Bing simply build a dam to stop the floods?
8. Who helped Li Bing build a man-made island in the middle of the river?
9. How long did it take Li Bing to build the irrigation system?
10. What made Sichuan the most productive area in China?
About 2,300 years ago, the Minjiang River flooded the towns around Chengdu every spring. The emperor of the Qin Dynasty asked the governor（太守）, Li Bing, who was a skilled water engineer, to solve this problem.
The common way to stop floods was to build a wall across the river, called a dam（拦河坝）. However, the emperor also needed ships to use the river to send food to his army. This meant a dam could not be built. Li Bing had to find another way. After careful study, he created a wonderful plan—a plan that still works today!
With the help of his son and tens of thousands of workers, Li Bing built a man-made island in the middle of the river. This island, shaped like a fish, divided the river into two parts: an inner river and an outer river. The inner river was deeper but narrower（更窄的）.
It took four years to complete!
Li Bing also decided to cut a channel（渠道）through Mount Yulei. This channel would stop the farmland from being flooded and take water to irrigate（灌溉）the crops. However, the rock of Mount Yulei was very hard. His workers worked on it by first heating the rock with fire and then cooling it with water quickly. This made the rock crack（破裂）and break, so it could be moved away more easily. This difficult task took eight years.
After Li Bing’s project was finished, the floods were stopped. The river flowed（流动）naturally, and because there was no dam, ships and fish could pass freely. Dujiangyan irrigation system helped farmers grow much more food, making Sichuan the most productive area in China.
Even today, Li Bing’s great work lives on and is seen as a wonderful example of ancient engineering.
根据短文内容,回答下列问题。
6. How often did the Minjiang River flood the towns around Chengdu about 2,300 years ago?
Every spring.
7. Why didn’t Li Bing simply build a dam to stop the floods?
Because the emperor also needed ships to use the river to send food to his army.
8. Who helped Li Bing build a man-made island in the middle of the river?
His son and tens of thousands of workers.
9. How long did it take Li Bing to build the irrigation system?
Twelve years.
10. What made Sichuan the most productive area in China?
Dujiangyan irrigation system.
答案
6. Every spring.
7. Because the emperor also needed ships to use the river to send food to his army.
8. His son and tens of thousands of workers.
9. Twelve years.
10. Dujiangyan irrigation system.
7. Because the emperor also needed ships to use the river to send food to his army.
8. His son and tens of thousands of workers.
9. Twelve years.
10. Dujiangyan irrigation system.
解析
【分析】
本题为任务型阅读的细节理解类题目，解题思路为：①先阅读所有问题，标记每个问题的关键词（如频率、原因、人物、时间、事物等）；②带着关键词回原文定位对应句子或段落；③提取原文关键信息，整理成符合问题要求的简洁答案（注意问答完整性，避免冗余）。其中第9题需注意两个工程的时间相加，确保计算准确。
【解析】
6. 定位原文第一段第一句“About 2,300 years ago, the Minjiang River flooded the towns around Chengdu every spring.”，直接提取洪水发生的频率，答案为Every spring.
7. 定位原文第二段“However, the emperor also needed ships to use the river to send food to his army. This meant a dam could not be built.”，提取建坝不可行的原因，答案为Because the emperor also needed ships to use the river to send food to his army.
8. 定位原文第三段第一句“With the help of his son and tens of thousands of workers, Li Bing built a man-made island in the middle of the river.”，提取帮忙建岛的人物，答案为His son and tens of thousands of workers.
9. 原文提到建人工岛耗时4年，凿玉垒山耗时8年，总时长为4+8=12年，答案为Twelve years.
10. 定位原文最后一段“Dujiangyan irrigation system helped farmers grow much more food, making Sichuan the most productive area in China.”，提取让四川成为最富饶地区的事物，答案为Dujiangyan irrigation system.
【答案】
6. Every spring.
7. Because the emperor also needed ships to use the river to send food to his army.
8. His son and tens of thousands of workers.
9. Twelve years.
10. Dujiangyan irrigation system.
【知识点】
任务型阅读、细节理解、信息提取
【点评】
本题是任务型阅读的基础题型，主要考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，仅第9题需简单计算时间，整体难度较低，只要认真阅读原文即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.3
本题为任务型阅读的细节理解类题目，解题思路为：①先阅读所有问题，标记每个问题的关键词（如频率、原因、人物、时间、事物等）；②带着关键词回原文定位对应句子或段落；③提取原文关键信息，整理成符合问题要求的简洁答案（注意问答完整性，避免冗余）。其中第9题需注意两个工程的时间相加，确保计算准确。
【解析】
6. 定位原文第一段第一句“About 2,300 years ago, the Minjiang River flooded the towns around Chengdu every spring.”，直接提取洪水发生的频率，答案为Every spring.
7. 定位原文第二段“However, the emperor also needed ships to use the river to send food to his army. This meant a dam could not be built.”，提取建坝不可行的原因，答案为Because the emperor also needed ships to use the river to send food to his army.
8. 定位原文第三段第一句“With the help of his son and tens of thousands of workers, Li Bing built a man-made island in the middle of the river.”，提取帮忙建岛的人物，答案为His son and tens of thousands of workers.
9. 原文提到建人工岛耗时4年，凿玉垒山耗时8年，总时长为4+8=12年，答案为Twelve years.
10. 定位原文最后一段“Dujiangyan irrigation system helped farmers grow much more food, making Sichuan the most productive area in China.”，提取让四川成为最富饶地区的事物，答案为Dujiangyan irrigation system.
【答案】
6. Every spring.
7. Because the emperor also needed ships to use the river to send food to his army.
8. His son and tens of thousands of workers.
9. Twelve years.
10. Dujiangyan irrigation system.
【知识点】
任务型阅读、细节理解、信息提取
【点评】
本题是任务型阅读的基础题型，主要考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，仅第9题需简单计算时间，整体难度较低，只要认真阅读原文即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.3
