2026年高效精练九年级数学下册苏科版第152页答案
23. (本题满分 10 分)如图,$D$,$E$,$F$分别是$△ ABC$各边的中点,连接$DE$,$EF$,$AE$。
(1)求证:四边形$ADEF$为平行四边形;
(2)加上条件
②或③
后,能使得四边形$ADEF$为菱形,请从①$∠ BAC = 90^{\circ}$;②$AE$平分$∠ BAC$;③$AB = AC$这三个条件中选择 1 个条件填空(写序号),并加以证明。

答案

23. (1) 已知$D$,$E$,$F$为$AB$,$BC$,$AC$的中点,$\therefore DE$为$△ ABC$的中位线,根据三角形中位线定理,$\therefore DE // AC$,且$DE = \frac{1}{2}AO = AF$,即$DE // AF$,$DE = AF$,$\therefore$四边形$ADEF$为平行四边;
(2) 选②$AE$平分$∠ BAC$,$\because AE$平分$∠ BAC$,$\therefore ∠ DAE = ∠ FAE$。又$\because ADEF$为平行四边形,$\therefore EF // DA$,$\therefore ∠ DAE = ∠ AEF$,$\therefore ∠ FAE = ∠ AEF$,$\therefore AF = EF$,$\therefore □ ADEF$为菱形。
选③$AB = AC$,$\because EF // AB$且$EF = \frac{1}{2}AB$,$DE // AC$且$DE = \frac{1}{2}AC$。又$\because AB = AC$,$\therefore EF = DE$,$\therefore □ ADEF$为菱形。
24. (本题满分 10 分)如图,$O$为线段$PB$上一点,以$O$为圆心,$OB$长为半径的$\odot O$交$PB$于点$A$,点$C$在$\odot O$上,连接$PC$,满足$PC^{2}=PA· PB$。
(1)求证:$PC$是$\odot O$的切线;
(2)若$AB = 3PA$,求$\dfrac{AC}{BC}$的值。

答案


24. (1) 连接$OC$,$\because PC^2 = PA · PB$,$\therefore \frac{PA}{PC} = \frac{PC}{PB}$。$\because ∠ P = ∠ P$,$\therefore △ PAC ∽ △ PCB$,$\therefore ∠ PCA = ∠ B$。$\because ∠ ACB = 90^{\circ}$,$\therefore ∠ CAB + ∠ B = 90^{\circ}$。$\because OA = OC$,$\therefore ∠ CAB = ∠ OCA$,$\therefore ∠ PCA + ∠ OCA = 90^{\circ}$,$\therefore OC ⊥ PC$,$\therefore PC$是$\odot O$的切线;
(2) $\because AB = 3PA$,$\therefore PB = 4PA$,$OA = OC = 1.5PA$,$PO = 2.5PA$。$\because OC ⊥ PC$,$\therefore PC = \sqrt{PO^2 - OC^2} = 2PA$。$\because △ PAC ∽ △ PCB$,$\therefore \frac{AC}{BC} = \frac{PC}{PB} = \frac{2PA}{4PA} = \frac{1}{2}$。
第24题
25. (本题满分 10 分)某种落地灯如图 1 所示,$AB$为立杆,其高为$84cm$;$BC$为支杆,它可绕点$B$旋转,其中$BC$长为$54cm$;$DE$为悬杆,滑动悬杆可调节$CD$的长度。支杆$BC$与悬杆$DE$之间的夹角$∠ BCD$为$60^{\circ}$。
(1)如图 2,当支杆$BC$与地面垂直,且$CD$的长为$50cm$时,求灯泡悬挂点$D$距离地面的高度;
(2)在图 2 所示的状态下,将支杆$BC$绕点$B$顺时针旋转$20^{\circ}$,同时调节$CD$的长(如图 3),此时测得灯泡悬挂点$D$到地面的距离为$90cm$,求$CD$的长。(结果精确到$1cm$,参考数据:$\sin 20^{\circ}\approx0.34$,$\cos 20^{\circ}\approx0.94$,$\tan 20^{\circ}\approx0.36$,$\sin 40^{\circ}\approx0.64$,$\cos 40^{\circ}\approx0.77$,$\tan 40^{\circ}\approx0.84$)

答案


25. (1) 过点$D$作$DF ⊥ BC$于点$F$,$\because ∠ FCD = 60^{\circ}$,$∠ CFD = 90^{\circ}$,$\therefore FC = CD × \cos 60^{\circ} = 50 × \frac{1}{2} = 25(cm)$,$\therefore FA = AB + BC - CF = 84 + 54 - 25 = 113(cm)$,答:灯泡悬挂点$D$距离地面的高度为$113cm$;
(2) 如图3,过点$C$作$CG$垂直于地面于点$G$,过点$B$作$BN ⊥ CG$于$N$,过点$D$作$DM ⊥ CG$于$M$,$\because BC = 54cm$,$\therefore CN = BC × \cos 20^{\circ} = 54 × 0.94 = 50.76(cm)$,$\therefore MN = CN + MG - CG = 50.76 + 90 - 50.76 - 84 = 6(cm)$,$\therefore CM = CN - MN = 44.76(cm)$,$\therefore CD = \frac{CM}{\cos 40^{\circ}} = \frac{44.76}{0.77} \approx 58(cm)$,答:$CD$的长为$58cm$。
图2图3第25题