Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成英语句子(一空一词)
11. 在课堂上,我们被分成了四个组来讨论我们的读书报告。
We four groups to discuss our book reports in class.
12. 这些植物的生长依靠充足的阳光和水分。
The growth of these plants enough sunlight and water.
13. 为了提高我们的技能,我们的篮球教练在训练中对我们要求严格。
Our basketball coach us during the training to improve our skills.
14. 当他的水用光的时候,他知道他必须做点什么。
When his water , he knew that he had to do something.
15. 日常习惯的小改变会对你的健康产生影响。
Small changes in your daily habits can to your health.

11. were divided into 12. depends on 13. is strict
with 14. ran out 15. make a difference

【分析】
做这类根据汉语意思完成英语句子的题目，解题思路可以分为两步：第一步先对照挖空处对应的汉语语义，回忆匹配对应的核心固定短语；第二步结合句子的语境、时态、语态、主谓一致、情态动词用法等语法规则，把短语调整为符合语法要求的正确形式，同时严格遵守一空一词的要求，避免多词、漏词。比如遇到“被分成”这类带被动含义的表达，要主动判断需要用被动语态，遇到主语是不可数名词的情况要注意谓语动词的第三人称单数变形，结合句中给出的已知动词时态反推空格处的动词形式即可。
【解析】
11. 对应汉语“被分成”，核心短语是divide...into...，主语we是动作divide的承受者，需用被动语态；描述过去课堂上发生的动作，用一般过去时，一般过去时被动结构为was/were+过去分词，主语we是复数，be动词用were，divide的过去分词为divided，因此填were divided into。
12. 对应汉语“依靠”，固定短语是depend on，句子描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语The growth of these plants是单数概念，谓语动词要变为第三人称单数形式depends，因此填depends on。
13. 对应汉语“对我们要求严格”，固定搭配是be strict with sb.，句子描述教练的一贯行为用一般现在时，主语Our basketball coach是第三人称单数，be动词用is，因此填is strict with。
14. 对应汉语“用光”，固定短语是run out，后半句主句谓语knew是一般过去时，主从句时态保持一致，run的过去式为ran，因此填ran out。
15. 对应汉语“产生影响”，固定短语是make a difference，空格前有情态动词can，情态动词后接动词原形，因此直接填make a difference。
【答案】
11. were divided into 12. depends on 13. is strict with 14. ran out 15. make a difference
【知识点】
1. 常用固定短语搭配
2. 动词时态和语态
3. 主谓一致规则
【点评】
本题是初中英语高频基础题型，既考查学生对课标要求的核心动词短语的积累熟练度，也同时检验学生对基础语法规则的应用能力，易错点集中在被动语态漏写be动词、第三人称单数谓语忘变形、过去式拼写错误，学生平时积累短语时要同步关注不同语境下的形式变形，避免只会背短语原形不会灵活使用。
【难度系数】
0.7

Ⅰ.阅读理解
The environment is very important for all of us. It has a great influence on the home where we live and grow. However,the environment is facing many problems now. We need to take action to protect it.
First,we should reduce pollution. Pollution is one of the biggest problems for the environment. We can start by putting rubbish into the rubbish bins instead of throwing it everywhere. We should also try to use less plastic. Plastic bags and bottles can stay in the environment for a very long time, and harm animals and plants.
Second,we need to save energy. We should turn off the lights when we leave a room. We should also try to use public transportation like buses instead of cars. This can help reduce air pollution and save energy.
Third,we should plant more trees. Trees play an important role in the environment. They can clean the air and be home to many animals. We can plant trees in our schools,in parks,or even in our own gardens.
Protecting the environment is not just the duty of adults. We students can also do a lot. Every small action we take can make a big difference. Let's work together to make the environment cleaner and the world more beautiful.
()1. What is one of the biggest problems for the environment mentioned提到 in the text?
A. Pollution.
B. Much noise.
C. Large population.
D. Little water.
()2. What can we do to save energy according to Paragraph 3?
A. Save water.
B. Use paper on both sides.
C. Plant more trees.
D. Use public transportation.
()3. Why does the writer say that "Protecting the environment is not just the duty of adults"?
A. Because it needs schools' support.
B. Because adults have already done a lot of work.
C. Because students can make a difference through small actions.
D. Because the government asks everyone to take action to protect it.
()4. What's the best title for the text?
A. How to Save Energy
B. Protecting the Environment
C. Pollution and Its Influence
D. The Importance of Trees

1.A 2.D 3.C 4.B

【分析】
这是一篇环保主题的说明文阅读理解，解题时优先带着题干关键词回原文定位对应内容即可：首先第1题抓取关键词"one of the biggest problems for the environment"直接回第二段找原句；第2题定位到第三段关于节约能源的描述，排除不属于该段的无关选项；第3题定位到最后一段对应语句，找到和"not just the duty of adults"衔接的解释内容；第4题主旨大意题需要覆盖全文核心，排除只描述局部内容的片面选项，就能快速得到正确答案。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段第二句"Pollution is one of the biggest problems for the environment."，直接明确污染是环境面临的最大问题之一，其余选项噪音、人口、水资源短缺均未在文中提及，因此选A。
2. 第三段围绕"save energy"展开，文中明确提到"We should also try to use public transportation like buses instead of cars."，对应D选项；A选项节水、B选项双面用纸文中完全没有提到，C选项多种树是第四部分的内容，不属于第三段节约能源的措施，因此选D。
3. 定位最后一段，在"Protecting the environment is not just the duty of adults"之后，紧接着说明"We students can also do a lot. Every small action we take can make a big difference."，和C选项描述完全吻合，其余选项的理由均未在原文出现，因此选C。
4. 全文先点明环境面临问题，随后从减少污染、节约能源、多种树三个维度介绍环保的具体做法，最后号召所有人参与环保，核心主题就是保护环境；A仅对应节约能源、C仅对应污染、D仅对应树木，都是片面的局部内容，无法覆盖全文，因此选B。
【答案】
1.A 2.D 3.C 4.B
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，主旨大意归纳
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的说明文阅读，绝大多数题目都可以直接在原文找到对应语句，重点考察学生快速抓取文本关键信息的能力，仅最后一道主旨题需要学生区分局部细节和全文核心，避免以偏概全误选片面选项。
【难度系数】
0.8