2026年新编基础训练八年级英语上册人教版第31页答案
一、根据提示写单词
1. He is so clever. B
esides
(除……之外) maths, he is also good at Chinese.
2. [2026 马鞍山模拟] John didn't follow the doctor's advice. As a result, his illness became s
erious
(严重的).
3. I am a Lego fan, and I play with it in my s
pare
(空闲的) time.
4. My mother a
ttended
(出席) our school's parents' meeting last Thursday.
5. The girl won first p
rize
(奖) in the spoken English competition. Her parents were pleased with her.

答案

1.Besides 2.serious 3.spare 4.attended 5.prize

解析

【分析】这类题目是根据首字母、中文释义及句子语境填写正确的英语单词,解题思路为:先根据中文提示确定单词词义,结合首字母缩小范围回忆对应单词,再根据句子时态、固定搭配等调整单词的正确形式(如动词过去式)。具体到各题:第1题需表“除……之外(还有)”的介词,第2题需修饰名词的形容词,第3题需修饰名词的形容词,第4题需动词过去式(时间为过去),第5题需固定短语中的名词。
【解析】1. 句意:他很聪明,除了数学,他也擅长语文。“除……之外(还有)”对应单词Besides,符合包含数学在内的擅长的语境,故填Besides。
2. 句意:约翰没有遵医嘱,结果他的病变得严重了。“严重的”对应形容词serious,修饰名词illness,故填serious。
3. 句意:我是乐高迷,在空闲时间玩它。“空闲的”对应形容词spare,spare time是固定搭配“空闲时间”,故填spare。
4. 句意:我妈妈上周四出席了我们学校的家长会。时间状语last Thursday表明用一般过去时,“出席”的过去式为attended,故填attended。
5. 句意:这个女孩在英语口语比赛中获得一等奖,她父母对她很满意。“奖”对应名词prize,first prize是固定短语“一等奖”,故填prize。
【答案】1.Besides 2.serious 3.spare 4.attended 5.prize
【知识点】英语词汇运用、固定搭配、动词时态
【点评】本题为基础英语词汇填空题,考查核心词汇的词义、拼写及形式变化,需学生熟练掌握课本基础词汇,结合语境和语法规则解题,属于英语学习的常规题型,难度不大。
【难度系数】0.8
二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
6. Riding to work needs more
strength
(strong), but it's healthier than driving to work.
7. We shouldn't judge(判断) a person just by his
appearance
(appear).
8. We like this girl because she has a friendly and outgoing
personality
(person).
9. You can share your
pleasure
(please) with your good friend.
10.
Congratulations
(congratulate)! You have made great progress in the last three years.

答案

6.strength 7.appearance 8.personality 9.pleasure
10.Congratulations

解析

【分析】
这几道题考查单词的词性转换与固定用法,解题时需根据句子结构(如形容词性物主代词、形容词后接名词,或固定交际用语)确定所需词性,再将括号内的单词转换为正确形式。具体思路:6题中动词need后需接名词作宾语;7题中形容词性物主代词his后需接名词;8题中形容词friendly、outgoing修饰名词;9题中形容词性物主代词your后需接名词;10题是固定祝贺用语,需用特定复数形式。
【解析】
6. 句意为“骑车上班需要更多力气,但比开车更健康”,动词need后接名词,形容词strong的名词形式为strength,故填strength;
7. 句意为“我们不应该只通过外表判断一个人”,形容词性物主代词his后接名词,动词appear的名词形式为appearance,故填appearance;
8. 句意为“我们喜欢这个女孩,因为她有友好外向的性格”,形容词修饰名词,名词person对应的表示“性格”的名词为personality,故填personality;
9. 句意为“你可以和好朋友分享你的快乐”,形容词性物主代词your后接名词,动词please的名词形式为pleasure,故填pleasure;
10. 句意为“祝贺你!你在过去三年取得了很大进步”,固定祝贺用语需用复数形式Congratulations,故填Congratulations。
【答案】
6.strength 7.appearance 8.personality 9.pleasure 10.Congratulations
【知识点】
词性转换、名词用法、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础题型,考查核心是常见词性转换规则和常用交际用语,需掌握基础词汇的词性变形及固定表达,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
(
B
)11. —
jogging, is there any other sport good for my body?
—Sure. Swimming is also good for you.

A.Against
B.Besides
C.For
D.After

答案

11.B

解析

【分析】首先理解对话语境:问句询问除了慢跑之外是否还有其他对身体有益的运动,答语提到游泳也有益。需辨析四个选项介词的含义,选择符合语境的介词。
【解析】逐一分析选项:A选项against意为“反对;对抗”,不符合语境;B选项besides意为“除……之外(还有)”,契合问句“除了慢跑,还有其他运动吗”的语境;C选项for意为“为了;对于”,不符合;D选项after意为“在……之后”,不符合。因此选B。
【答案】11.B
【知识点】介词辨析
【点评】本题考查基础介词的词义辨析,结合日常对话语境即可选出正确答案,属于英语基础题。
【难度系数】0.6
(
D
)12.—Can you
some time to help me with maths this Saturday?
—No problem!

A.waste
B.leave
C.borrow
D.spare

答案

12.D

解析

【分析】首先理解句子语境:问句询问对方能否抽出时间帮忙学数学,需辨析四个选项动词的含义及用法,结合语境匹配正确表达。
【解析】逐一分析选项:A.waste意为“浪费”,不符合请求帮忙的语境;B.leave意为“离开、留下”,搭配time无法表达“抽出时间”的含义;C.borrow意为“借入”,主语为you时搭配逻辑不通;D.spare意为“抽出(时间)、匀出”,spare some time是固定搭配,符合“抽出时间帮忙”的语境,因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】动词词义辨析;固定搭配
【点评】本题考查常用动词的词义辨析及固定搭配,属于基础词汇类题目,需掌握常见动词的含义和常用短语,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
(
A
)13. —Hi, Tom. I heard that you won the first prize in the game yesterday.
!
—Thank you, Mike.

A.Congratulations
B.Good luck
C.Come on
D.Great idea

答案

13.A

解析

【分析】
本题考查日常交际用语的运用,需结合对话语境选择合适的表达。对话中Tom告知对方自己获比赛一等奖,对方应表达祝贺,需逐一分析选项含义匹配语境。
【解析】
逐一分析选项:A选项“Congratulations”意为“祝贺”,用于对方取得成绩时的祝贺,符合语境;B选项“Good luck”意为“好运”,用于事情发生前的祝福,不符合语境;C选项“Come on”意为“加油、快点”,不符合祝贺的语境;D选项“Great idea”意为“好主意”,用于赞同想法,与语境无关。因此选A。
【答案】
A
【知识点】
日常交际用语
【点评】
本题结合具体对话场景考查基础交际用语,难度较低,学生易结合语境选出正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.8
四、根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词
14.在业余时间,我经常听音乐来放松自己。
In
spare
time
, I often listen to music to relax myself.
15.在新疆,没有其他食物像馕一样特别。
There is no other food
as
special
as
nang in Xinjiang.
16.令我惊讶的是,这对双胞胎没有任何共同点。
To my surprise, the twins
have
nothing
in
common
.
17.虽然汤姆比艾玛更外向,但学习不如她努力。
Tom is
more
outgoing
than Emma, but he doesn't study
as
hard
as
her.
18.马克认为朋友之间应该有所不同,以便他们能互相学习。
Mark thinks that friends should
be
different from
each other so that they can
learn
from
each other.

答案

14.In spare time 15.as special as
16.have nothing in common
17.more outgoing;as hard as
18.be different from;learn from

解析

【分析】做此类根据汉语完成句子的题目,需先明确每个汉语表达对应的英语固定短语、语法结构,再结合句子语境和结构填空,要牢记英语基础的固定表达、比较级等知识点。
【解析】14. “在业余时间”的英文固定短语为In spare time,句首首字母大写,故填In spare time;15. 同级比较结构“as + 形容词原级 + as”表示“和……一样……”,“特别”对应形容词special,故填as special as;16. 固定短语have nothing in common意为“没有共同点”,主语为复数,谓语用原形,故填have nothing in common;17. outgoing是多音节形容词,比较级为more outgoing;同级比较“和……一样努力”用as hard as,故填more outgoing;as hard as;18. should后接动词原形,“与……不同”对应be different from;“互相学习”对应learn from,故填be different from;learn from。
【答案】14.In spare time 15.as special as 16.have nothing in common 17.more outgoing;as hard as 18.be different from;learn from
【知识点】固定短语搭配、形容词比较级、同级比较结构
【点评】本题考查英语基础的固定短语、形容词比较级及同级比较的用法,属于英语学习中的核心基础考点,题型常规,学生掌握相关基础知识点即可正确解答。
【难度系数】0.5
五、 立德树人·健全人格 完形填空
Matt and Diana are good friends, but they have completely(完全地)different personalities.
Diana is very
19
. She loves talking to new people and always performs confidently on stage.
Matt, however, is quite
20
and often avoids(避免)speaking in public(在公共场合).
Diana is also
21
. She spends hours practicing the flute every day and always finishes her homework early. But Matt sometimes seems
22
. He often says, “I’ll solve maths problems later”, but ends up watching TV instead.
Last month, Diana won a music competition. When Matt heard the news, he said, “
23
! You really deserve(值得)the prize!” Diana smiled and replied, “Thanks! But
24
music, I also attend chess club meetings in my spare time.”
Their classmates often
25
them. “Diana is as energetic
26
the sun,” one said. “Matt is quieter, but he has a kind heart.” Though different, they
27
many interests in common, like reading and hiking.
“Appearance isn’t everything,” Diana once said. “What matters is the
28
and how you treat others.”
(
B
)19. A. shy B. outgoing C. happy D. serious
(
B
)20. A. fat B. shy C. tall D. slim
(
C
)21. A. honest B. helpful C. hard-working D. kind
(
B
)22. A. pleasant B. lazy C. sad D. excited
(
A
)23. A. Congratulations B. Sorry C. Fine D. Thanks
(
A
)24. A. besides B. without C. towards D. against
(
C
)25. A. solve B. attend C. compare D. perform
(
A
)26. A. as B. than C. for D. by
(
A
)27. A. have B. make C. remind D. spare
(
B
)28. A. height B. personality C. weight D. clothing

答案

19-23: BBCBA 24-28: ACAAB

解析

【分析】首先通读全文把握主旨:本文介绍Matt和Diana性格完全不同;解题时需结合上下文语境、词汇含义及固定搭配,逐个分析每个空格,排除不符合语境的选项,选出正确答案。
【解析】19. 由后文“She loves talking to new people and always performs confidently on stage.”可知Diana性格外向,outgoing(外向的)符合,选B;20. 由后文“often avoids speaking in public”可知Matt害羞,shy(害羞的)符合,选B;21. 由后文“spends hours practicing the flute every day and always finishes her homework early”可知Diana勤奋,hard-working(勤奋的)符合,选C;22. 由后文“ends up watching TV instead”可知Matt懒惰,lazy(懒惰的)符合,选B;23. 获奖后应表达祝贺,Congratulations(祝贺)符合,选A;24. besides表示“除…之外还有”,此处指除了音乐还参加象棋俱乐部,选A;25. 同学会对比两人性格,compare(比较)符合,选C;26. as...as是固定结构,意为“和…一样”,选A;27. have...in common是固定搭配,意为“有共同之处”,选A;28. 前文提到“外表不是一切”,此处指重要的是性格和待人,personality(性格)符合,选B。
【答案】19-23: BBCBA 24-28: ACAAB
【知识点】完形填空、词义辨析、固定搭配
【点评】本文围绕人物性格差异展开,考查学生对语境的理解、词汇辨析及固定搭配的掌握,是初中英语常见题型,难度适中,需结合上下文逻辑推理作答。
【难度系数】0.6