阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。
when, death, rise, learn, dangerous, preparation, unlucky, warn, flow, usual
Floods have hit many areas in recent years. One of the main reasons is 1. weather conditions. Because of climate change, rainstorms are becoming more frequent. Some areas get much more rain than before. Rivers and lakes often 2. quickly, leading to serious floods. Too much water can destroy houses and roads, bringing great trouble to people's lives.
Human activities also affect it. For example, 3. people cut down too many trees, the soil loses protection. As a result, rainwater 4. faster, making floods worse. Some people even build houses in low areas. This is really 5. .
During floods, the power supply often goes out. 6. , many families may get stuck in their homes. What's worse, floods can even cause some 7. .
But we can reduce the risks. Making early 8. is important. We should follow the plans when weather reports 9. us about coming floods. Since floods can come suddenly, 10. to stay safe is necessary for everyone.

1. unusual
2. rise
3. when
4. flows
5. dangerous
6. Unluckily
7. deaths
8. preparations
9. warn
10. learning

【分析】
本题为英语选词填空题，解题思路为：首先通读全文理解文章大意，明确语境；再结合方框内给出的10个词汇，根据每个空的语法要求（词性、时态、单复数、词形变化）和上下文逻辑关系，选择合适的词汇并调整为正确形式，确保填入后语句通顺、语义完整。
【解析】
1. 此处修饰名词weather，需用形容词；结合语境“气候变化导致暴雨增多”，可知是“不寻常的”天气，故填unusual。
2. 此处作谓语动词，主语为复数Rivers and lakes，一般现在时；结合语境“快速上涨导致洪水”，故填rise。
3. 此处引导时间状语从句，表“当……时”，故填when。
4. 此处作谓语动词，主语rainwater为不可数名词，一般现在时动词用第三人称单数；结合语境“雨水流动更快”，故填flows。
5. 此处作表语，需用形容词；结合语境“在低地建房很危险”，故填dangerous。
6. 此处修饰整个句子，需用副词；结合语境“停电导致家庭被困是不幸的事”，故填Unluckily。
7. 此处作宾语，some后接可数名词复数；结合语境“洪水导致死亡”，故填deaths。
8. 固定搭配make preparations（做准备），此处需用名词复数，故填preparations。
9. 此处作谓语动词，主语weather reports为复数，一般现在时；结合语境“天气报告警告洪水”，故填warn。
10. 此处作主语，需用动名词；结合语境“学习保持安全很必要”，故填learning。
【答案】
1. unusual
2. rise
3. when
4. flows
5. dangerous
6. Unluckily
7. deaths
8. preparations
9. warn
10. learning
【知识点】
词汇辨析、词性转换、语法运用
【点评】
本题考查选词填空的综合运用能力，需结合语境、语法规则及固定搭配选择并变形词汇，是初中英语常见题型，侧重考查学生的词汇基础和语篇理解能力。
【难度系数】
0.6

阅读短文,根据语篇要求填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
Everyone may have a chance to make the world a better place. Teenagers can make 11. ______ difference too.
Kyle is a middle school student. One day, he noticed a cleaner throwing 12. ______ a lot of pencils. The cleaner told Kyle that he got pencils every day when he cleaned up the classroom. But he did not know how to deal with the pencils, 13. ______ he just threw them away.
Kyle got some information from the internet. Some people in poor countries greatly needed pencils, so he decided to collect pencils to help them. Later, he joined a group called Right-to-Write as a volunteer. The group sends pencils 14. ______ people around the world. They collect pencils and put them into bags. Then they give the bags to people who are travelling to poor countries. These travellers 15. ______ given over 5,000 pencils to people in need since 2025. What a good job they have done!

11. a
12. away
13. so
14. to
15. have

【分析】
本题为英语语篇填空题，需结合固定搭配、逻辑关系、时态等知识点逐一分析。11空考查固定短语搭配；12空考查动词短语搭配；13空考查连词的逻辑关系；14空考查动词的固定搭配；15空考查现在完成时的时态运用，需结合时间状语判断时态及助动词形式。
【解析】
11. 固定搭配make a difference意为“有影响，起作用”，故填a；
12. 固定短语throw away意为“扔掉”，结合语境清洁工扔掉铅笔，故填away；
13. 前后句为因果关系，前句说不知道如何处理铅笔，后句说扔掉，用表结果的连词so连接，故填so；
14. 固定搭配send sth to sb意为“把某物送给某人”，故填to；
15. 时间状语since 2025提示用现在完成时，主语travellers是复数，助动词用have，故填have。
【答案】
11. a；12. away；13. so；14. to；15. have
【知识点】
固定搭配；连词；现在完成时
【点评】
本题为基础语篇填空题，侧重考查英语核心基础知识点，难度适中，学生掌握常见短语、连词用法及时态标志词即可顺利解答。
【难度系数】
0.7