Ⅰ. 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词
1. We should clean the （底部）of the fish tank regularly to keep the water clean.
2. The city has made great （发展）in economy and culture in recent years.
3. It's difficult to grow plants in the （沙漠）because of the lack of water.
4. The nearest town is about ten m away from here.
5. There is a small p in the garden where ducks like to swim.

1.bottom 2.development 3.desert 4.miles 5.pool

【分析】本题为根据句意、汉语提示或首字母完成单词的题型，解题时需先通读句子理解语境，再结合给出的汉语释义或首字母提示，回忆对应的英语单词，同时注意单词的正确形式，确保填入的单词符合句子逻辑和语法要求。
【解析】1. 汉语提示“底部”，对应的英语单词为bottom；2. 汉语提示“发展”，对应的英语单词为development，此处为不可数名词，用原形；3. 汉语提示“沙漠”，对应的英语单词为desert；4. 首字母为m，结合语境“最近的城镇离这里大约十……”，可知是表示距离的名词复数，故填miles；5. 首字母为p，结合语境“花园里鸭子喜欢游泳的小……”，可知是池塘，故填pool。
【答案】1.bottom 2.development 3.desert 4.miles 5.pool
【知识点】英语单词拼写、语境填词、名词的用法
【点评】本题考查基础英语词汇的运用，侧重考查学生对常见名词的掌握及语境理解能力，难度较低，属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.8

二、强化提升训练
Ⅱ. 阅读理解
Have you heard of some famous rivers all over the world?
Length: 4,132 miles (about 6,650 km) Location: Sudan, Egypt
The Nile River is the longest river in the world. It's known for being the lifeblood to Egypt today. This river is famous because it was an important body of water for the dynasties of Ancient Egypt. Also, the Nile River is important for agriculture（农业）, transportation and drinking water.
Length: 373 miles (about 600 km) Location: Australia
You may not have ever heard of Finke River in Australia. It's not very long and it doesn't even flow all the time. However, scientists have seen this as the oldest river in the world. That's the reason why this river is well-known!
Length: 3,977 miles (about 6,400 km) Location: Peru, Colombia, Brazil
The Amazon River is the second longest river in the world, but it makes up for that place in other ways. The Amazon River has the largest discharge(流量) of any river in the world, up to $209,000\ \mathrm{m}^3/\mathrm{s}$! The Amazon River is also well-known for having no bridges crossing it.
Length: 1,560 miles(about 2,511 km) Location: India
Although it is not the largest river in Asia, the Ganges River is still very important and well-known. This river has cultural meaning to Indian people. Also, the river provides millions of people with water needed for agriculture. There are nearly 150 species of fish living in the Ganges River today.
()1. Which river is known as the longest one in the world?
A. Finke River.
B. The Nile River.
C. The Amazon River.
D. The Ganges River.
()2. What makes Finke River well-known according to the passage?
A. Its length.
B. Its constant(持续的) flow.
C. Its status as the oldest river.
D. Its importance for agriculture.
()3. What is a special feature of the Amazon River?
A. It is the longest river in the world.
B. It has the largest discharge of any river.
C. It has the most bridges crossing it.
D. It is located only in Peru.
()4. What is one of the important roles of the Ganges River?
A. Providing water for agriculture.
B. Being the longest river in Asia.
C. Having the largest discharge in the world.
D. Being the oldest river in the world.

1.B 解析:根据“The Nile River is the longest river in the world.”可知,本题选B。
2.C 解析:根据“However, scientists have seen this as the oldest river in the world.”可知,本题选C。
3.B 解析:根据“The Amazon River has the largest discharge(流量) of any river in the world...”可知,本题选B。
4.A 解析:根据最后一段中的“Also, the river provides millions of people with water needed for agriculture.”可知,本题选A。

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解的细节理解题，解题思路是先通读全文明确各河流的关键信息，再根据每个题目中的关键词，定位到原文对应段落，找到匹配的信息句，从而选出正确选项。具体来说，第1题需定位“最长河流”的描述，第2题定位“Finke河出名原因”的内容，第3题定位“亚马逊河特点”的信息，第4题定位“恒河重要作用”的语句。
【解析】
1. 根据文中“The Nile River is the longest river in the world.”可知，世界最长的河流是尼罗河，对应选项B，故选B。
2. 根据文中“However, scientists have seen this as the oldest river in the world. That's the reason why this river is well-known!”可知，Finke河因是世界上最古老的河流而出名，对应选项C，故选C。
3. 根据文中“The Amazon River has the largest discharge(流量) of any river in the world...”可知，亚马逊河的特点是拥有世界最大的流量，对应选项B，故选B。
4. 根据最后一段中“Also, the river provides millions of people with water needed for agriculture.”可知，恒河的重要作用之一是为农业提供水源，对应选项A，故选A。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、世界地理常识
【点评】
本题围绕世界著名河流的相关信息设题，属于英语阅读理解中的细节理解类题目，考查学生快速定位原文关键信息的能力，题目设置直接，只要仔细阅读原文对应段落即可得出答案，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.4