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Ⅱ.补全短文。
Octopuses are our smart teachers in the sea. What can we learn from them? Let's have a look!
Octopuses have eight soft arms. Scientists try to make soft robots like them. 6 They can help us to find missing people under buildings. They can also get into our bodies to help doctors do medical(医学的) work.
One octopus has three hearts, one big brain in the head and eight small brains in arms. 7 We hope to find the answer. The way they work may help our medical study.
8 For example, they change green to match sea plants, brown for rocks. This helps them get away from danger. Scientists want to make colour-changing clothes like this.
When octopuses lose their arms, they can grow them back because of their special skin(皮肤). Scientists hope to make special bandages(绷带) like their skin. 9
We can learn a lot from amazing animals like octopuses. 10 Let's keep learning from nature! Maybe next time, you can find ideas to make something new.
A. Octopuses can change their colours.
B. Nature is always full of clever ideas.
C. These robots can fit into small places.
D. How do they work with one another?
E. There are many different kinds of octopuses.
F. With them, we can also grow well quickly if we get hurt.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Octopuses are our smart teachers in the sea. What can we learn from them? Let's have a look!
Octopuses have eight soft arms. Scientists try to make soft robots like them. 6 They can help us to find missing people under buildings. They can also get into our bodies to help doctors do medical(医学的) work.
One octopus has three hearts, one big brain in the head and eight small brains in arms. 7 We hope to find the answer. The way they work may help our medical study.
8 For example, they change green to match sea plants, brown for rocks. This helps them get away from danger. Scientists want to make colour-changing clothes like this.
When octopuses lose their arms, they can grow them back because of their special skin(皮肤). Scientists hope to make special bandages(绷带) like their skin. 9
We can learn a lot from amazing animals like octopuses. 10 Let's keep learning from nature! Maybe next time, you can find ideas to make something new.
A. Octopuses can change their colours.
B. Nature is always full of clever ideas.
C. These robots can fit into small places.
D. How do they work with one another?
E. There are many different kinds of octopuses.
F. With them, we can also grow well quickly if we get hurt.
6.
C
7.
D
8.
A
9.
F
10.
B
答案
6.C 7.D 8.A 9.F 10.B
解析
【分析】
补全短文需先通读全文及选项，理解每段主旨与上下文逻辑关联，再匹配对应选项：第6题前文提到制作章鱼软机器人，后文说机器人的用途，需衔接机器人的特性；第7题前文讲章鱼的大脑结构，后文说找答案，需衔接大脑协作的问题；第8题后文举例章鱼变色，需匹配变色相关选项；第9题前文讲章鱼断臂再生，需匹配受伤恢复的内容；第10题前文说从动物学习，后文说向自然学习，需匹配自然的主题。
【解析】
6. 前文提到科学家制作像章鱼的软机器人，后文说机器人能在建筑下找人，C选项“这些机器人能适应小空间”衔接上下文，符合逻辑，故选C；
7. 前文讲章鱼的心脏和大脑结构，后文说希望找到答案，D选项“它们如何协作？”承接结构，引出研究方向，故选D；
8. 后文举例章鱼变色躲避危险，A选项“章鱼能改变颜色”是本段主旨，对应例子，故选A；
9. 前文说章鱼断臂能再生，F选项“有了它们，我们受伤也能快速长好”衔接再生的特点，故选F；
10. 前文说从章鱼学习，后文说向自然学习，B选项“自然总是充满聪明的想法”总结升华，呼应主题，故选B。
【答案】
6.C 7.D 8.A 9.F 10.B
【知识点】
补全短文、上下文逻辑衔接
【点评】
本题考查学生的阅读理解与逻辑推理能力，需结合段落主旨和上下文关联匹配选项，是常见的语篇补全题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
补全短文需先通读全文及选项，理解每段主旨与上下文逻辑关联，再匹配对应选项：第6题前文提到制作章鱼软机器人，后文说机器人的用途，需衔接机器人的特性；第7题前文讲章鱼的大脑结构，后文说找答案，需衔接大脑协作的问题；第8题后文举例章鱼变色，需匹配变色相关选项；第9题前文讲章鱼断臂再生，需匹配受伤恢复的内容；第10题前文说从动物学习，后文说向自然学习，需匹配自然的主题。
【解析】
6. 前文提到科学家制作像章鱼的软机器人，后文说机器人能在建筑下找人，C选项“这些机器人能适应小空间”衔接上下文，符合逻辑，故选C；
7. 前文讲章鱼的心脏和大脑结构，后文说希望找到答案，D选项“它们如何协作？”承接结构，引出研究方向，故选D；
8. 后文举例章鱼变色躲避危险，A选项“章鱼能改变颜色”是本段主旨，对应例子，故选A；
9. 前文说章鱼断臂能再生，F选项“有了它们，我们受伤也能快速长好”衔接再生的特点，故选F；
10. 前文说从章鱼学习，后文说向自然学习，B选项“自然总是充满聪明的想法”总结升华，呼应主题，故选B。
【答案】
6.C 7.D 8.A 9.F 10.B
【知识点】
补全短文、上下文逻辑衔接
【点评】
本题考查学生的阅读理解与逻辑推理能力，需结合段落主旨和上下文关联匹配选项，是常见的语篇补全题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
Ⅰ. 汉译英。每空一词(含缩写词)。
1. 当别人处于困境中时,不要嘲笑他们。
Don't
2. 去年,我想去旅行。我的父母终于同意了我的想法。
Last year, I wanted to have a trip. Finally, my parents
3. 他想要取得进步而不是落后。
He wants to make progress
4. 你愿意参加下个月的跑步比赛吗?
Would you like to
5. 你需要专注于改善你的学习习惯。
You need to
1. 当别人处于困境中时,不要嘲笑他们。
Don't
laugh
at
others when they are in trouble.2. 去年,我想去旅行。我的父母终于同意了我的想法。
Last year, I wanted to have a trip. Finally, my parents
agreed
with
me.3. 他想要取得进步而不是落后。
He wants to make progress
instead
of
falling behind.4. 你愿意参加下个月的跑步比赛吗?
Would you like to
take
part
in
the running race next month?5. 你需要专注于改善你的学习习惯。
You need to
focus
on
improving your study habits.答案
1. laugh at 2. agreed with 3. instead of 4. take part in 5. focus on
解析
【分析】本题为汉译英短语填空题，需根据中文句意、句子时态及固定搭配，选择合适的英语短语填空，注意每空一词（含缩写）的要求，同时关注动词形式、介词搭配等细节。
【解析】1. 中文“嘲笑”对应的固定动词短语为laugh at，don't后接动词原形，故填laugh at；2. 中文“同意某人的想法”对应短语agree with，由时间状语last year可知用一般过去时，故填agreed with；3. 中文“而不是”对应介词短语instead of，of为介词后接动名词falling behind，符合句意，故填instead of；4. 中文“参加（活动）”对应短语take part in，would like to后接动词原形，故填take part in；5. 中文“专注于”对应短语focus on，need to后接动词原形，故填focus on。
【答案】1. laugh at 2. agreed with 3. instead of 4. take part in 5. focus on
【知识点】固定短语搭配；动词短语；介词短语
【点评】本题考查初中英语核心短语的运用，侧重基础词汇搭配的掌握，难度不大，需学生牢记常见短语的含义及用法。
【难度系数】0.2
【解析】1. 中文“嘲笑”对应的固定动词短语为laugh at，don't后接动词原形，故填laugh at；2. 中文“同意某人的想法”对应短语agree with，由时间状语last year可知用一般过去时，故填agreed with；3. 中文“而不是”对应介词短语instead of，of为介词后接动名词falling behind，符合句意，故填instead of；4. 中文“参加（活动）”对应短语take part in，would like to后接动词原形，故填take part in；5. 中文“专注于”对应短语focus on，need to后接动词原形，故填focus on。
【答案】1. laugh at 2. agreed with 3. instead of 4. take part in 5. focus on
【知识点】固定短语搭配；动词短语；介词短语
【点评】本题考查初中英语核心短语的运用，侧重基础词汇搭配的掌握，难度不大，需学生牢记常见短语的含义及用法。
【难度系数】0.2
