2026年同步练习册山东友谊出版社七年级英语下册鲁教版第105页答案
根据所学语音知识,按画线部分的读音
将下列单词分类。
pity snowball popular indoor pillow
depend traditional whether confident
surprise
1. /əʊ/:
snowball, pillow

2. /ɪ/:
pity, indoor

3. /e/:
depend, whether

4. /ɒ/:
popular, confident

5. /ə /:
traditional, surprise

答案

1. snowball, pillow 2. pity, indoor
3. depend, whether
4. popular, confident
5. traditional, surprise

解析

【分析】
要解决这类语音分类题,需分两步走:第一步,逐个确定每个单词画线部分的字母发音;第二步,将发音相同的单词对应归入题目给出的音标类别中,最后核对所有单词是否分类正确,避免遗漏或错放。
【解析】
先明确每个单词画线部分的读音,再对应分类:
1. 画线部分读/əʊ/的单词:snowball(o读/əʊ/)、pillow(o读/əʊ/);
2. 画线部分读/ɪ/的单词:pity(i读/ɪ/)、indoor(i读/ɪ/);
3. 画线部分读/e/的单词:depend(e读/e/)、whether(e读/e/);
4. 画线部分读/ɒ/的单词:popular(o读/ɒ/)、confident(o读/ɒ/);
5. 画线部分读/ə/的单词:traditional(a读/ə/)、surprise(u读/ə/)。
【答案】
1. snowball, pillow
2. pity, indoor
3. depend, whether
4. popular, confident
5. traditional, surprise
【知识点】
英语语音(字母读音)、音标分类
【点评】
本题考查基础英语语音知识,要求学生掌握常见单词中字母的发音,是英语学习中夯实语音基础的典型题型,难度适中,适合巩固单词读音记忆。
【难度系数】
0.7
二、词汇
(一)根据音标写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1. The kids laughed loudly when they rolled
the
snowball
/'snəʊbɔːl/ in the field.
2. My family makes the
traditional

/trə'dɪʃənl/ dumplings to welcome the
new year.
3. She practises
kung fu
/ˌkʌŋ'fuː/ every
morning to keep healthy.
4. It's a real
pity
/'pɪti/ that you
missed the concert last night.
5. The teacher asked the class
whether

/'weðə(r)/ they finished reading.
6. The hotel added two softer
pillows

/'pɪləʊz/ to every bed.
7. She bought a new
outdoor
/'aʊtdɔː(r)/
jacket for the hiking trip in the mountains.
8. The hotel provided some comfortable
pajamas
/pə'dʒɑːməz/ for guests.
9. If it rains, we will go to the gym to play
indoor
/'ɪndɔː(r)/ sports like ping-pong.
10. Most students
prefer
/prɪ'fɜː(r)/
studying in the library to staying at
home.

答案

1. snowball 2. traditional
3. kung fu 4. pity 5. whether
6. pillows 7. outdoor 8. pajamas
9. indoor 10. prefer

解析

【分析】本题要求根据给出的音标及句子语境,写出对应单词的正确形式。解题思路为:先准确认读每个小题的音标,再结合句子的语法结构(如名词复数、词性要求等),写出符合语境的正确单词,注意特殊单词的拼写及形式变化(如名词复数、固定表达)。
【解析】1. 音标/'snəʊbɔːl/对应单词为snowball,结合语境“滚雪球”,符合要求;2. 音标/trə'dɪʃənl/对应形容词traditional,修饰“饺子”,表示“传统的”;3. 音标/ˌkʌŋ'fuː/对应固定表达kung fu,意为“功夫”;4. 音标/'pɪti/对应名词pity,“It's a pity that...”为固定句型,意为“遗憾的是……”;5. 音标/'weðə(r)/对应连词whether,意为“是否”,符合句子“询问是否完成阅读”的语境;6. 音标/'pɪləʊz/对应名词pillow的复数形式pillows,因前面有“two”修饰,需用复数;7. 音标/'aʊtdɔː(r)/对应形容词outdoor,修饰“jacket”,表示“户外的”;8. 音标/pə'dʒɑːməz/对应名词pajamas,意为“睡衣”;9. 音标/'ɪndɔː(r)/对应形容词indoor,修饰“sports”,表示“室内的”;10. 音标/prɪ'fɜː(r)/对应动词prefer,“prefer doing to doing”为固定结构,意为“比起做某事更喜欢做某事”,符合语境。
【答案】1. snowball 2. traditional 3. kung fu 4. pity 5. whether 6. pillows 7. outdoor 8. pajamas 9. indoor 10. prefer
【知识点】根据音标写单词、英语词汇拼写
【点评】本题为英语基础词汇考察题,聚焦常见单词的音标认读与拼写,涉及词性、名词复数等基础语法细节,是巩固词汇基础的典型题型,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
(二)用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Linda speaks
better
(well) than Mary
in our class.
2. They had a great time
dancing
(dance)
in Mary's birthday party.
3. How
surprised
(surprise) he was!
4. This bag is the
heaviest
(heavy) of all
she has.
5. Look! How
heavily
(heavy) it is
raining outside!
6. I look forward to
hearing
(hear) from
my pen friend.
7. Tina is much
more popular
(popular) than
Ann in sports.
8. If it
doesn't rain
(rain), I will go to the
park with my son this weekend.
9. Would you like
to play
(play) ping-
pong after school?
10. Who encouraged the little boy
to join

(join) a group?

答案

1. better 2. dancing 3. surprised
4. heaviest 5. heavily 6. hearing
7. more popular 8. doesn't rain
9. to play 10. to join

解析

【分析】
本题为英语用所给词适当形式填空题型,需结合句子结构、固定搭配、词性变化、时态规则等解题:1. 由比较级标志词than确定用well的比较级;2. 依据固定搭配have a great time doing sth判断形式;3. 根据修饰对象(人)确定用ed结尾的形容词;4. 由范围词of all(三者及以上)确定用最高级;5. 修饰动词需用副词;6. look forward to中to为介词,后接动名词;7. 由than确定用多音节形容词的比较级;8. 遵循if引导条件状语从句的“主将从现”原则;9. 依据固定搭配would like to do sth判断;10. 依据固定搭配encourage sb to do sth判断。
【解析】
1. 句中出现比较级标志词than,副词well的比较级为better,故填better;
2. 固定搭配have a great time doing sth表示“做某事很开心”,故填dancing;
3. 此处修饰主语he(人),需用ed形式的形容词surprised(感到惊讶的),故填surprised;
4. 句中出现范围词of all(三者及以上),形容词heavy的最高级为heaviest,故填heaviest;
5. 此处修饰动词rain,需用副词形式,heavy的副词是heavily,故填heavily;
6. look forward to中的to是介词,后接动名词作宾语,hear的动名词是hearing,故填hearing;
7. 句中出现比较级标志词than,多音节形容词popular的比较级为more popular,故填more popular;
8. if引导条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则,主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,主语it是第三人称单数,否定形式为doesn't rain,故填doesn't rain;
9. 固定搭配would like to do sth表示“想要做某事”,故填to play;
10. 固定搭配encourage sb to do sth表示“鼓励某人做某事”,故填to join。
【答案】
1. better 2. dancing 3. surprised 4. heaviest 5. heavily 6. hearing 7. more popular 8. doesn't rain 9. to play 10. to join
【知识点】
形容词副词的比较级与最高级、非谓语动词、条件状语从句
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础语法,涵盖级的变化、固定搭配、时态等核心考点,是常见基础题型,掌握相关规则即可解答。
【难度系数】
0.8