一、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. How many (pilot) are needed for this new plane?
2. She (sure) knows the answer to this question.
3. It's (necessary) for you to learn English well.
4. The price of this kind of e-book reader is (low) than before, which encourages more people to buy it.
5. The new government policy (provide) a lot of jobs for university graduates since it started last year.
6. He studied hard and finally turned his dream into (real).
7. Shoes of this style are becoming more and more (fashion) among teenagers this year.
8. The two (cashier) at the gate will help you find what you need.
9. If you look (beyond) the trees, you can see the village in the distance(在远处).
10. In this company, traditional meetings (replace) by online video calls.

1. pilots 2. surely 3. necessary
4. lower 5. has provided 6. reality
7. fashionable 8. cashiers 9. beyond
10. are replaced

【分析】本题为英语用所给单词适当形式填空题型，解题思路是：先分析每个句子的结构、成分，再结合语法规则（如名词复数、副词修饰动词、形容词比较级、时态、被动语态、词性转换等）及固定搭配，确定单词的正确变形形式。
【解析】
1. How many后需接可数名词复数，pilot的复数形式为pilots，故填pilots。
2. 此处修饰动词knows，需用副词，sure的副词形式是surely，故填surely。
3. 固定句型“It's + 形容词 + for sb to do sth”中，用形容词原形necessary，故填necessary。
4. 句中than是比较级标志，low的比较级为lower，故填lower。
5. since引导时间状语从句（从句用一般过去时），主句需用现在完成时，主语policy为单数，故填has provided。
6. 短语turn...into...中into后接名词，real的名词形式是reality，故填reality。
7. more and more后接形容词，fashion的形容词形式为fashionable，故填fashionable。
8. two后需接可数名词复数，cashier的复数形式是cashiers，故填cashiers。
9. look beyond是固定搭配，beyond为介词，此处用原形，故填beyond。
10. 主语traditional meetings是动作replace的承受者，需用被动语态，主语为复数，一般现在时被动结构为are replaced，故填are replaced。
【答案】1. pilots 2. surely 3. necessary 4. lower 5. has provided 6. reality 7. fashionable 8. cashiers 9. beyond 10. are replaced
【知识点】名词复数、副词用法、形容词比较级、现在完成时、被动语态
【点评】本题考查初中英语核心基础语法，涵盖词性转换、时态、语态及固定搭配，是常见基础题型，需熟练掌握各类语法规则的应用。
【难度系数】0.5

二、用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
be replaced by spring up take...off sign up for
1. After working overtime for two weeks, Mr Brown decided a day and have a rest.
2. Will cashiers machines in the future?
3. I'm thinking of piano lessons.
4. Fast-food restaurants all over the town now.
meet...needs go up in smoke on the way throughout history
5. Online shopping is , changing the way people buy products.
6. Human creativity and invention have shaped the world we live in today.
7. Will all her efforts to organise the class activity if no one is willing to cooperate(合作)?
8. Schools must the of their pupils.

1. to take; off 2. be replaced by
3. signing up for 4. are springing up
5. on the way 6. throughout history
7. go up in smoke 8. meet; needs

【分析】
本题要求用方框内短语的适当形式填空，解题思路为：先明确各短语的含义，再分析每个句子的语境（包括固定搭配、时态、语态、非谓语动词等语法规则），选择匹配的短语并调整为正确形式。例如，遇到decide、think of、must等词时，需考虑其后接非谓语动词的形式；遇到被动含义时，要使用被动语态；结合时间状语（如now）判断时态等。
【解析】
1. 句意：加班两周后，布朗先生决定休假一天休息。固定搭配decide to do sth（决定做某事），短语take...off意为“休假”，故填to take; off。
2. 句意：未来收银员会被机器取代吗？句子为一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will be + 过去分词，短语be replaced by意为“被……取代”，故填be replaced by。
3. 句意：我正在考虑报名钢琴课。think of后接动名词作宾语，短语sign up for意为“报名参加”，故填signing up for。
4. 句意：现在快餐店在镇上各处涌现。时间状语now提示用现在进行时，结构为are + 动词-ing，短语spring up意为“涌现”，主语fast-food restaurants为复数，故填are springing up。
5. 句意：网购正在兴起，改变人们购物的方式。短语on the way意为“即将兴起；在路上”，符合网购发展的语境，故填on the way。
6. 句意：人类的创造力和发明在历史上塑造了我们今天生活的世界。短语throughout history意为“在历史上”，作状语修饰整个句子，故填throughout history。
7. 句意：如果没人愿意合作，她组织班级活动的所有努力会化为泡影吗？短语go up in smoke意为“化为泡影”，will后接动词原形，故填go up in smoke。
8. 句意：学校必须满足学生的需求。固定搭配meet one's needs意为“满足某人的需求”，must后接动词原形，故填meet; needs。
【答案】
1. to take; off 2. be replaced by 3. signing up for 4. are springing up 5. on the way 6. throughout history 7. go up in smoke 8. meet; needs
【知识点】
动词短语的适当形式、固定搭配、时态与语态
【点评】
本题考查常用英语动词短语的语境运用，需结合语法规则（如非谓语动词、被动语态、时态）和固定搭配调整短语形式，整体难度适中，适合基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6