五、阅读理解。
Have you ever watched your dog bury(埋) his favourite bone but dig it up only a day or later? There is actually a reason behind this—it's simply in their nature. For thousands of years, dogs have buried their bones. When dogs lived in the wild, sometimes there was not enough food. It was hard for them to find food. If they were able to find meat and bones, dogs had to protect them. In order to keep other dogs and animals from finding their meat, dogs would bury it in the ground. Even though most dogs have lots of food to eat today, their instincts(本能) still tell them to bury their bones. Some dogs even hide(藏) more than one bone at a time.
A dog cannot bury a bone just anywhere. He must first find the perfect place. Often it's near a tree or a large rock. Once the dog finds the perfect place, he uses his front feet to dig the hole, drops the bone and covers up the hole to protect it. Dogs don't always remember where a bone is buried, but they have a wonderful sense of smell. A dog can smell a bone even if it has been buried for years. Most of the time, dogs find bones they have buried by themselves, but they can also find bones buried by other dogs.
()1. What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. Why dogs dig their bones.
B. Why dogs bury their bones.
C. When dogs bury their bones.
D. Where dogs bury their bones.
()2. Where do dogs would like to bury the bones?
A. Near a door.
B. Near a rock.
C. Near a river.
D. Near a house.
()3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Dogs started burying bones 100 years ago.
B. Dogs do not bury bones to protect them now.
C. Dogs' smell always works when finding bones.
D. Dogs only hide one bone each time.

1.B 2.B 3.C

【分析】
做这篇阅读理解时，我们可以按照题型分类逐个突破：
1. 第一题是代词指代题，遇到问this/that指代内容的题目，优先往划线词的前文找对应的描述，结合后文的解释逻辑就能锁定指代对象，排除不符合的选项。
2. 第二题是事实细节题，直接带着题干关键词“bury the bones”去原文第二段定位相关语句，就能直接找到对应的地点信息。
3. 第三题是细节判断题，需要把每个选项都带回原文逐一比对，和原文内容不符的直接排除，剩下的就是正确答案。
【解析】
1. 定位第一段划线this的位置，前文提到“你有没有见过狗狗埋了自己最爱的骨头，没过多久又把它挖出来？这背后其实是有原因的”，后文紧接着解释狗狗埋骨头的天性和起源，可知this指代的是“狗狗埋骨头”这件事，对应选项B。A选项“狗狗挖骨头的原因”、C“狗狗埋骨头的时间”、D“狗狗埋骨头的地点”都不符合上下文指代逻辑，排除。
2. 定位第二段内容“He must first find the perfect place. Often it's near a tree or a large rock.”，可知狗狗喜欢把骨头埋在树或者大岩石附近，对应选项B。A靠近门、C靠近河、D靠近房子的内容原文均未提及，排除。
3. 逐一核对选项：
A选项：原文提到“For thousands of years, dogs have buried their bones.”，说明狗狗埋骨头的习惯已经有几千年历史，不是100年前才开始，A错误。
B选项：原文提到“drops the bone and covers up the hole to protect it”，说明现在狗狗埋骨头依然是为了保护骨头，B错误。
C选项：原文提到“they have a wonderful sense of smell. A dog can smell a bone even if it has been buried for years”，说明狗狗的嗅觉在找骨头的时候一直能发挥作用，C正确。
D选项：原文提到“Some dogs even hide more than one bone at a time.”，说明狗狗不会每次只藏一根骨头，D错误。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.C
【知识点】
阅读理解代词指代，细节信息查找，科普文阅读
【点评】
这是一篇趣味科普类的短篇阅读理解，话题贴近生活，生词量少，所有题目都可以通过定位原文内容得到答案，适合巩固细节查找类阅读技巧，解题时要注意不要凭常识主观判断，所有选项都要找到原文对应依据再确定正误。
【难度系数】
0.8