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2025年通城学典课时作业本八年级数学上册苏科版江苏专版第14页答案
1. 如图,$AB=AC$,$AD=AE$,$BE=CD$,$∠2=110^{\circ}$,$∠BAE=60^{\circ}$,则下列结论错误的是 (
C
)

A.$\triangle ABE \cong \triangle ACD$
B.$\triangle ABD \cong \triangle ACE$
C.$∠ACE=30^{\circ}$
D.$∠1=70^{\circ}$

答案

1.C

解析

证明:
在$\triangle ABE$和$\triangle ACD$中,
$\left\{\begin{array}{l} AB=AC \\ AE=AD \\ BE=CD \end{array}\right.$
$\therefore \triangle ABE \cong \triangle ACD ( SSS)$,故A正确;
$\because \triangle ABE \cong \triangle ACD$,
$\therefore \angle BAE = \angle CAD = 60°$,$\angle B = \angle C$,
$\because AD = AE$,
$\therefore \angle ADE = \angle AED$,
$\because \angle 2 = 110°$,
$\therefore \angle AED = 180° - 110° = 70°$,
$\therefore \angle DAE = 180° - 2 × 70° = 40°$,
$\therefore \angle BAD = \angle BAE - \angle DAE = 60° - 40° = 20°$,
$\angle CAE = \angle CAD - \angle DAE = 60° - 40° = 20°$,
$\therefore \angle BAD = \angle CAE$,
在$\triangle ABD$和$\triangle ACE$中,
$\left\{\begin{array}{l} AB=AC \\ \angle BAD = \angle CAE \\ AD=AE \end{array}\right.$
$\therefore \triangle ABD \cong \triangle ACE ( SAS)$,故B正确;
$\because \triangle ABD \cong \triangle ACE$,
$\therefore \angle ACE = \angle B$,
在$\triangle ABE$中,$\angle AEB = 70°$,
$\angle B = 180° - \angle BAE - \angle AEB = 180° - 60° - 70° = 50°$,
$\therefore \angle ACE = 50°$,故C错误;
$\angle 1 = 180° - \angle ADE = 180° - 70° = 70°$,故D正确。
结论错误的是C。
2. 如图,在四边形$ABCD$中,$AB=DC$,$AC=DB$,$AC$,$BD$相交于点$O$,则图中的全等三角形共有 (
B
)

A.2对
B.3对
C.4对
D.5对

答案

2.B

解析

证明:在$\triangle ABC$和$\triangle DCB$中,
$\left\{\begin{array}{l} AB=DC\\ AC=DB\\ BC=CB\end{array}\right.$
$\therefore \triangle ABC≌\triangle DCB( SSS)$,
$\therefore \angle ABC=\angle DCB$,$\angle BAC=\angle CDB$,
在$\triangle ABD$和$\triangle DCA$中,
$\left\{\begin{array}{l} AB=DC\\ AC=DB\\ AD=DA\end{array}\right.$
$\therefore \triangle ABD≌\triangle DCA( SSS)$,
$\therefore \angle BAD=\angle CDA$,$\angle ABD=\angle DCA$,
在$\triangle AOB$和$\triangle DOC$中,
$\left\{\begin{array}{l} \angle BAO=\angle CDO\\ \angle AOB=\angle DOC\\ AB=DC\end{array}\right.$
$\therefore \triangle AOB≌\triangle DOC( AAS)$,
综上,全等三角形共有$3$对。
B
3. (新情境·现实生活)木工师傅在做完门框后为了防止变形,常用如图所示的方法钉上两根斜拉的木条,这样做的数学依据是
三角形具有稳定性

答案

3.三角形具有稳定性
4. 如图,在四边形$ABCE$中,$AB=AC$,$AD=AE$,$BD=CE$,且$B$,$D$,$E$三点在同一条直线上。若$∠1=31^{\circ}$,$∠2=66^{\circ}$,则$∠3$的度数为
35°

答案

4.35°
5. (2023·西藏)如图,$AB=DE$,$AC=DC$,$CE=CB$。求证:$∠1=∠2$。

答案

5.在△ABC和△DEC中,$\begin{cases}AB = DE,\\AC = DC,\\CB = CE.\end{cases}$
∴△ABC≌△DEC(SSS),
∴∠ACB = ∠DCE,
∴∠ACB - ∠ACE = ∠DCE - ∠ACE,
∴∠1 = ∠2
6. 如图,平面上有$\triangle ACD$与$\triangle BCE$,$AD$与$BE$相交于点$P$。若$AC=BC$,$AD=BE$,$CD=CE$,$∠ACE=55^{\circ}$,$∠BCD=155^{\circ}$,则$∠BPD$的度数为 (
C
)

A.$110^{\circ}$
B.$125^{\circ}$
C.$130^{\circ}$
D.$155^{\circ}$

答案

6.C
7. (易错题)如图,在$\triangle ABC$中,$AB=AC$,$E$,$D$,$F$是$BC$的四等分点,$AE=AF$,则图中的全等三角形共有
4
对,分别是
△ABE≌△ACF,△AED≌△AFD,△ABD≌△ACD,△ABF≌△ACE

答案

7.4 △ABE≌△ACF,△AED≌△AFD,△ABD≌△ACD,△ABF≌△ACE [易错分析]解答本题时容易忽视△ABF≌△ACE,以致漏解.

解析

4;$\triangle ABE \cong \triangle ACF$,$\triangle AED \cong \triangle AFD$,$\triangle ABD \cong \triangle ACD$,$\triangle ABF \cong \triangle ACE$